1倒数关系:tanα·cotα=1sinα·cscα=1cosα·secα=1cosα/sinα=cotα=cscα/secα1+cot^2(α)=csc^2(α)tanα*cotα=1一个特殊公式(sina+sinθ)*(sina-sinθ)=sin(a+θ)*sin(a-θ)二倍角公式正弦sin2A=2sinA·cosA余弦1.Cos2a=Cos^2(a)-Sin^2(a)2.Cos2a=1-2Sin^2(a)3.Cos2a=2Cos^2(a)-1即Cos2a=Cos^2(a)-Sin^2(a)=2Cos^2(a)-1=1-2Sin^2(a)正切tan2A=(2tanA)/(1-tan^2(A))万能公式sinα=2tan(α/2)/[1+tan^2(α/2)]cosα=[1-tan^2(α/2)]/[1+tan^2(α/2)]tanα=2tan(α/2)/[1-tan^2(α/2)]半角公式tan(A/2)=(1-cosA)/sinA=sinA/(1+cosA);cot(A/2)=sinA/(1-cosA)=(1+cosA)/sinA.sin^2(a/2)=(1-cos(a))/2cos^2(a/2)=(1+cos(a))/2tan(a/2)=(1-cos(a))/sin(a)=sin(a)/(1+cos(a))半角公式sin^2(α/2)=(1-cosα)/2cos^2(α/2)=(1+cosα)/2tan^2(α/2)=(1-cosα)/(1+cosα)tan(α/2)=sinα/(1+cosα)=(1-cosα)/sinα和差化积sinθ+sinφ=2sin[(θ+φ)/2]cos[(θ-φ)/2]sinθ-sinφ=2cos[(θ+φ)/2]sin[(θ-φ)/2]cosθ+cosφ=2cos[(θ+φ)/2]cos[(θ-φ)/2]cosθ-cosφ=-2sin[(θ+φ)/2]sin[(θ-φ)/2]tanA+tanB=sin(A+B)/cosAcosB=tan(A+B)(1-tanAtanB)tanA-tanB=sin(A-B)/cosAcosB=tan(A-B)(1+tanAtanB)两角和公式tan(α+β)=(tanα+tanβ)/(1-tanαtanβ)tan(α-β)=(tanα-tanβ)/(1+tanαtanβ)2cos(α+β)=cosαcosβ-sinαsinβcos(α-β)=cosαcosβ+sinαsinβsin(α+β)=sinαcosβ+cosαsinβsin(α-β)=sinαcosβ-cosαsinβ双曲函数sha=[e^a-e^(-a)]/2cha=[e^a+e^(-a)]/2tha=sinh(a)/cosh(a)sin(π/2+α)=cosαcos(π/2+α)=-sinαtan(π/2+α)=-cotαcot(π/2+α)=-tanαsin(π/2-α)=cosαcos(π/2-α)=sinαtan(π/2-α)=cotαcot(π/2-α)=tanα三角函数的诱导公式(六公式)公式一sin(-α)=-sinαtan(-α)=-tanα公式二sin(π/2-α)=cosαcos(π/2-α)=sinα公式三sin(π/2+α)=cosαcos(π/2+α)=-sinα公式四sin(π-α)=sinαcos(π-α)=-cosα公式五sin(π+α)=-sinαcos(π+α)=-cosα公式六tanA=sinA/cosAtan(π/2+α)=-cotαtan(π/2-α)=cotαtan(π-α)=-tanαtan(π+α)=tanα诱导公式记背诀窍:奇变偶不变,符号看象限万能公式sinα=2tan(α/2)/[1+(tan(α/2))²]cosα=[1-(tan(α/2))²]/[1+(tan(α/2))²]tanα=2tan(α/2)/[1-(tan(α/2))²]其它公式(1)(sinα)^2+(cosα)^2=1(平方和公式)(2)1+(tanα)^2=(secα)^2(3)1+(cotα)^2=(cscα)^2(4)对于任意非直角三角形,总有tanA+tanB+tanC=tanAtanBtanC3(5)cotAcotB+cotAcotC+cotBcotC=1(6)cot(A/2)+cot(B/2)+cot(C/2)=cot(A/2)cot(B/2)cot(C/2)(7)(cosA)^2;+(cosB)^2+(cosC)^2=1-2cosAcosBcosC(8)(sinA)^2+(sinB)^2+(sinC)^2=2+2cosAcosBcosC其他非重点三角函数csc(a)=1/sin(a)sec(a)=1/cos(a)(seca)^2+(csca)^2=(seca)^2(csca)^2和差化积及积化和差用还原法结合上面公式可推出(换(a+b)/2与(a-b)/2)两角和公式sin(A+B)=sinAcosB+cosAsinBsin(A-B)=sinAcosB-cosAsinBcos(A+B)=cosAcosB-sinAsinBcos(A-B)=cosAcosB+sinAsinBtan(A+B)=(tanA+tanB)/(1-tanAtanB)tan(A-B)=(tanA-tanB)/(1+tanAtanB)cot(A+B)=(cotAcotB-1)/(cotB+cotA)cot(A-B)=(cotAcotB+1)/(cotB-cotA)反三角函数公式arcsin(-x)=-arcsinxarccos(-x)=π-arccosxarctan(-x)=-arctanxarccot(-x)=π-arccotxarcsinx+arccosx=π/2=arctanx+arccotxsin(arcsinx)=x=cos(arccosx)=tan(arctanx)=cot(arccotx)当x∈〔—π/2,π/2〕时,有arcsin(sinx)=x当x∈〔0,π〕,arccos(cosx)=xx∈(—π/2,π/2),arctan(tanx)=xx∈(0,π),arccot(cotx)=xx〉0,arctanx=π/2-arctan1/x,arccotx类似若(arctanx+arctany)∈(—π/2,π/2),则arctanx+arctany=arctan(x+y/1-xy)三角函数求导:(sinx)'=cosx(cosx)'=-sinx(tanx)'=(secx)^2(secx)'=secxtanx(cotx)'=-(cscx)^2(cscx)'=-csxcotx(arcsinx)'=1/√(1-x^2)(arccosx)'=-1/√(1-x^2)(arctanx)'=1/(1+x^2)(arccotx)'=-1/(1+x^2)基本求导公式4⑴0)(C(C为常数)⑵1)(nnnxx;一般地,1)(xx。特别地:1)(x,xx2)(2,21)1(xx,xx21)(。⑶xxee)(;一般地,)1,0(ln)(aaaaaxx。⑷xx1)(ln;一般地,)1,0(ln1)(logaaaxxa。求导法则⑴四则运算法则设f(x),g(x)均在点x可导,则有:(Ⅰ))()())()((xgxfxgxf;(Ⅱ))()()()())()((xgxfxgxfxgxf,特别)())((xfCxCf(C为常数);(Ⅲ))0)((,)()()()()())()((2xgxgxgxfxgxfxgxf,特别21()()()()gxgxgx。微分函数()yfx在点x处的微分:()dyydxfxdx积分公式常用的不定积分公式:cxdxxxdxxcxxdxcxdxCxdxx43,2,),1(11433221;Cxdxx||ln1;Cedxexx;)1,0(lnaaCaadxaxx;dxxfkdxxkf)()((k为常数)定积分:()()|()()bbaafxdxFxFbFabababadxxgkdxxfkdxxgkxfk)()()]()([2121分部积分法:设u(x),v(x)在[a,b]上具有连续导数)(),(xvxu,则bababaxduxvxvxuxdvxu)()()()()()(重要的等价无穷小替换:5当x→0时,sinx~xtanx~xarcsinx~xarctanx~x1-cosx~1/2*(x^2)(a^x)-1~x*lna(e^x)-1~xln(1+x)~x(1+Bx)^a-1~aBx[(1+x)^1/n]-1~(1/n)*xloga(1+x)~x/lna