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Unit3Traditionalskills常考短语：1.papercutting剪纸2.setoff动身，出发3.afterdark天黑后，黄昏后4.allthetime一直，始终5.upto到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有6.upanddown起伏，上下波动7.nomore不再，再也不8.tie...around拴……在……周围9.cutout剪成10.intheshapeof以……的形状11.puton穿上；上演12.closeto靠近13.putup张贴14.apieceof一片，一条15.afterdark天黑后要点全解：1.usedtodosth过去常常做某事beusedtodosth被用来做某事be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事2.fit形容词－健康的；动词－合适。3.setoff=setout出发，动身4.bereadyforsth准备好的；bereadytodosth准备做某事5.stop...fromdoingsth阻止……做某事6.reach=getto=arriveat/in到达7.attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意力8.throw...into把……扔进throw...away扔掉throw...at向……扔去9.makeamistake犯错误，bymistake错误地，mistakeAforB把A错认为B10.bringup抚养，教育，培养11.keep(sb./sth.)+adj.使……保持……keep(sb./sth.)doing使……不停地做某事12.beingood/badhealth健康状况好（不好）healthy健康的13.voice嗓音，常指人的嗓音、说话声及鸟的鸣叫声。noise杂声，常指不悦耳的喧闹声。sound声音，泛指人耳能听到的自然界中的各种声音，不论高低，是否悦耳。Shehasasweetvoice.There’stoomuchnoisehere.Canyouhearstrangesoundsfromthenextroom?14.bemadeof由……制成，可以看得出原材料。bemadefrom由……制成，看不出原材料。bemadeupof由……组成/构成，表示某物由若干部分构成。Thedollismadeupoffourparts.语法——被动语态。（1）英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。（2）主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况。若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch等。例如：Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).（3）主动形式表示被动意义。如wash,clean,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：Thefoodtastesgood.(4)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。列表如下：一般现在时：am/is/are+done一般过去时：was/were+done一般将来时：shall/will+bedone一般过去将来时：should/would+bedone现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done过去进行时：was/were+being+done现在完成时：have/has+been+done过去完成时：had+been+done练习：1.Greatchanges______place.Manynewschools______.A.havetaken,havebeenopenedB.take,areopenC.aretaken,openD.havebeentaken,areopened2.Thebuilding____in1999.A.builtB.isbuiltC.wasbuiltD.build3.When_____theaccident_____？A.was,happenB.did.happenC.is,happenD.was,happened4.Thechildren___bythenurseinthekindergartennow.A.werelookedB.arebeinglookedafterC.werelookedafterD.arelookingafter5.Ourclassroommust____cleanA.keepB.bekeptC.tokeepD.tobekept6.Chinese___bythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.A.speaksB.isspeakingC.arespeakingD.isspoken8.Thebottleonthetable____coolwater.A.iscoveredwithB.ismadeofC.isfullofD.ischangedinto9.I___tobringmybooktoschoolyesterday.A.toldB.wastoldC.wastellingD.hadbeentold10.Myclock____.Canyoumenditfor,？A.doesn’tuseB.isn’tworkedC.doesn’twalkD.doesn'twork11.Theflowers_____wellifthey_____.A.won’tgrow,don'ttakegoodcareofB.don'tgrow,aretakengoodcareofC.don'tgrow,don'ttakegoodcareofD.won’tgrow,arenottakengoodcareof12.We’regladthatanotherShenzhenunderground____verysoon.A.willcompleteB.willbecompletedC.hascompletedD.hasbeencompleted13.Thework______soon.A.willbefinishedB.finishesC.hasfinishedD.willfinish14.Trees______greeninspring.A.turnB.areturnedC.wouldturnD.isturning15.Someflowers____byKatealready.A.havebeenwateredB.wateredC.havewateredD.hasbeenwateredUnit3Traditionalskills一、要点概括二、hangon用作电话用语（其后可接aminute,amoment,awhile之类的词），意为：等一下；别放下电话；别挂断。1.reach除了“到达”外，还有“伸手去够或拿”的意思。如：Someorangesarehardtoreach.Thegirlwasshortsoshecouldn’treachthecuponthetable.【区别】get,reach和arrive♣get是不及物动词，常和to连用。但当“到达”的地点是home或副词（here,there）时，to需要省略。如：Whendidyougettherelastnight?Igethomeat7:00pmeveryday.♣arrive为不及物动词，后须加上介词in/at才能连接表示地点的名词。表示到达大城市或国家时要用arrivein，而到达乡村、车站等小地方则用arriveat。如：WearrivedinLondonlastweek.Thedoctorarrivedatthevillageatlast.♣reach为及物动词，其后既可以跟名词也可跟副词。如：IreachedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday.Wereachedhereonfoot.一、单词拼写。1.TheEnglishteachersr________thestudentstolistencarefully.2.Let’sh__________thepictureonthewall.3.Whenher________Guangzhou,itwasalmost11pm.4.Thebooksoverthereareonscience.Wahtaboutther________.5.Eatingmuchvegetableisgoodforyoutokeepf_________.二、完成句子。1.男孩家离学校很远，所以他不得不每天一大早就出发。Theboylivesfarfromtheschool,sohehasto________________inearlymorningeveryday.2.天黑后，人们离开办公室回家。___________________,peopleleaveofficeandgohome.3.只要你不再吸烟，你可以更健康并活得更久。Youcanbehealthierandlivelonger,ifyoujustsmoke________________.4.办公室小弟每天都很忙，我们经常都看到他上上下下来回地跑。Theofficeboyisverybusyeveryday,weoftenseehimerun__________________________.三、句子翻译1.她又高又瘦。她有着一头黑色长发。她戴着眼镜。______________________________________________________________2.他非常年轻，又爱又胖，留着一头棕色的短发。_____________________________________________________________3.剪刀和纸被用于剪纸工艺。_____________________________________________________________【教材典句】1.Nonetsarerequiredforthistypeoffishing.2.CormorantfishingwasoncepractisedinlotsofplacesinSouth-EastChina.3.Amusicshowwillbeheldintheschoolhallat4p.monTuesday,4May.【语法全解】英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1.基本构成被动语态的基本构成形式为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态变化。Footballisplayedallovertheworld.Isitmadeofbamboo?2.基本变法（1）将主动语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。（2）将主动语态句中的谓语动词变成“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”形式，但时态不改变。（3）助动词be要与新的主语保持单、复数的一致；若主语和宾语时人称代词时，“格”应该作相应的变化。如：Theworkersmakemachinesinthisfactory.Machinesaremadebytheworkersinthisfactory.3.省去by短语的几个条