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Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.知识点SectionA1.I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.cleanup动词短语“打扫(或清除)干净”clean-up名词“清扫，清除，清理”eg.教室很脏。请把它打扫干净。Youmustgiveyourclassroomagoodclean-up.Theclassroomisdirty.Pleasecleanitup.你们必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。河流清理the___________oftherivercleanup2.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.volunteerv.义务做，自愿做n.志愿者volunteertodosth.自愿做……volunteerforsth.为了某事而自愿我们学校有些学生自愿去公园植树。Somestudentsinourschoolvolunteertoplanttreesinthepark.---Areyouall____?---Yes.Wealways_____tovisitthesilkpeopleinthehospital.A.volunteers,volunteersB.volunteers,volunteerC.volunteer,volunteersD.volunteer,volunteer√3.Let’smakessomenotices.ThenI’llhandthemoutafterschool.noticen.公告牌，通知，布告v.注意到，意识到区别：noticesb.dosth.注意到某人做了某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人正在做某事1).Didyounoticehim_____schooljustnow?A.leaveB.leavingC.toleaveD.left2).InoticedJim_____myhomeworkwhenIwentintotheclassroom.A.tocopyB.copyingC.copyD.copied√√4.handoutnotices分发通知handthemout把他们分发handin上交常见的“v.+adv.”的短语：注：动词+副词构成的短语，名词可放前放后，代词放中间打扫干净放弃张贴给……打电话查阅(字典)捡起，拾起推迟脱下穿上分发，散发turnon/off/up/down/overcutdown/up/offcleanupgiveupputupcalluplookuppickupputofftakeoffputongive/handout5.Ourclasstriedtoraisemoneyforthesickkidsinthehospital.拓展：raiseafamily养家raiseone’svoice提高声音raisetheflag升旗(人为的“提升；提起”)Thesunrisesintheeast.(自身的)“升起；上升”太阳在东方升起。1).raisev.募集；筹集raisemoneyforcharity2).sick&illadj.生病的，有病的区别：feel/besick/ill；sickkids6.…giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.several几个，数个，一些修饰可数名词1.Thereareseveralprettygirlsstandingunderthetree,but_____areknowntome.A.neitherB.noneC.nooneD.all2.___wildanimalswerekilledeverydaylastyear.A.SeveralhundredB.SeveralhundredofC.SeveralhundredsofD.BothAandC√√7.astrongfeelingofsatisfaction一种强烈的满足感a(strong/bad)feelingof+名词一种(强烈的/坏的)……感拓展：对……感到满意令某人满意的令某人高兴的是令某人惊讶的是besatisfiedwith…toone’ssatisfactiontoone’sjoytoone’ssurprise8.Alotofpeoplearelonely.lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的(内心或精神上);偏僻的(可修饰名词)aloneadj.&adv.（身体上的）独自，孤单1).Thevolunteervolunteeredtoworkinthat_____village________,butheneverfelt________.2).Thoughheis______athome,hedoesn’tfeel___forhehasmanythingstodo.A.lonely,lonelyB.alone;lonelyC.alone;aloneD,lonely;alonedo…alone=do…byoneself独自做某事lonelyalonelonely√9.Whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?1).helpsb.out(withsth.)“帮助某人解决难题”Ican’tworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.2).helpsb.withsth.=helpsb.(to)dosth在某事上帮助某人。3).helponeselftosth.随便吃食物等4).with(without)thehelpof=with(without)one’shelp(没有)在……的帮助下SectionB1.…takeaftermymother.takeafter(外貌或行为)像他长得像他妈妈。Hetakesafter/lookslike/issimilartohismother.2.Ifixeditup.fixup=repair(修理）,mend3.giveaway赠送；捐赠fixup与giveaway是动副结构，代词放中间4.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeople.1).set(set,set)up建立，设立动副结构setupaHopeSchool2)disabledadj.丧失能力的；有残疾的disabledpeople=thedisabled残疾人blindadj.瞎的；失明的theblind盲人拓展：beblindtosth.对……视而不见beblindinthelefteye瞎了左眼5.makeitpossibleformetohaveLucky“使得某人有可能……”it在句中作make的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式tohaveLucky。如：Yourhelpmakesitpossibleforhimtosucceed.1).make/find/thinkit+adj.+forsb.make/find/thinkit+adj.+forsb.+todosth.2).make＋宾语＋形容词，“使……”Hiswordsmademehappy.3).make＋宾语＋动词原形，“让……做……”Hemademeworktenhoursaday.6.Iwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.beexcitedabout……“对……感到兴奋”theideaof……“……的主意”beexcitedabout意为“对……感到兴奋”，主语通常是人；而exciting意为“令人感到兴奋的”，主语通常是物或事件。其他类似的词surprising/surprised；interesting/interested等也是这样区分的。7.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.makea/nodifferencetosb./sth./doingsth.对……(没有)有影响differencen.differentadj.tellthedifferencebetween…区别bedifferentfrom与……不同Theheavysnowdidn’t_______theinternationalairlines.A.payattentiontoB.addtoC.makeadifferencetoD.keepto√8.difficultadj.difficultyn.difficultyn.强调具体的“困难”时，可数writingdifficulties书写困难指笼统的“艰难、困难”时，不可数havedifficulty(in)doingsth.=havetrouble(in)doingsth.=haveproblems(in)doingsth.=haveahard/difficulttime(in)doingsth.做某事有困难9.imagine+n./pron./doingv.想象、设想imagineflyingintheskySELFCHECK1.interestn.兴趣；关注v.使……感兴趣；使……关注sth.interestsb.1).show/take(an)interestin/indoingsth.对……表示关心(有兴趣)have/take/feelnointerestin对……不(不太)感兴趣loseinterestinsth./indoingsth.对某方面失去兴趣Thestoryinterestsus.②beinterestedin对……感兴趣(关心)2.workout“算出，解决”及物动词短语eg：workoutthmathproblem;workit/themout“产生结果”不及物动词短语Theideaworkedoutfine.动词不定式的用法动词不定式的基本形式：todo(to有时可省略);动词不定式无人称变化；动词不定式变否定：nottodo;动词不定式在句中可作主语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语和定语。1.Doyouagree______(go)therebyair?2.Allofuswants_______(get)goodgrades.3.Heneeds_______(take)breaksawayfromtheTV.4.Don’tforget________(turn)offthelights.togotogettotaketoturn(一)、动词不定式作宾语常跟在动词begin,want,remember,forget,agree,learn,like,decide,fail,refuse,expect,need,hope,wish,seem,promise,plan,volunteer或短语wouldlike,can’twait后作宾语。EvenTony’sgranddaughter,afive-year-oldgirl,askedhim____smoking.A.giveupB.gaveupC.togiveupD.givingup√(二)、作宾语补足语。动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，构成“v.+sb./sth.+todo”结构：此类动词常见的有：tell,ask,want(wouldlike),like,invite,help,expect,wish,advise,allow等。HeaskedTom______(go)shopping.togo(三)、作状语表目的用在某些表示人的心情(喜、怒、哀、乐等)的形容词后表原因，如：happy,glad,pleased,sad,sorry,sure等。Iamsorry__________(hear)that.tohear(四)、不带to的不定式1).感官动词:feel(一感);hear,listento(二听)