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凤州中学形容词和副词的用法形容词和副词的用法张洁Teachingaims:•1.Adj.和Adv的概念,功能及位置(重点）•2.Adj.和Adv.的种类及Adj.和Adv.的构成（重点）•3.Adj.和Adv.比较等级的用法（重难点）•4.Adj.变Adv.的规律（重点）•[考点]：1、构成，用法，规律。2、特殊句型。(下节课讲）3、易混词的辨析。I.形容词和副词的概念及功能形容词(Adj.)：说明人和事物特征，性质或状态的词。e.g.long,empty,cheap,hungry,etc.用来修饰名词或代词副词(Adv.)：用来说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念的词。e.g.very,early,out,soon,quickly,etc.用来修饰形容词，动词，副词或整个句子词类用法位置举例形容词adj作定语放在名词前，不定代词后?作表语放在系动词之后?作补语放在宾语之后，常与keep,make,get等词连用?medicineFiremakesus.Itfeels.Chinesehotsad形容词放在名词前做定语形容词放在宾语后，作宾语补足语形容词与系动词连用，作表语e.g.Heisagoodstudent.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后.e.g.Isthereanythinginterestingintoday’snewspaper?Thetreesturngreeninspring.Wearealoneontheisland.只能作表语，不能作定语的形容词你能说出几个？aloneafraidawakeasleepaliveablealikeawakeill形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语．e.g.Wemustkeeptheclassroomclean.Hemadeushappy.Coloritgreen.词类用法举例位置副词作表语Mymotherisout.?作定语Thegirlthereismyfriend.?作状语Herunsfast.?作宾补Ifoundhimoutside.?副词是用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词或句子的词。位置灵活。1.Herunsquickly.（副词修饰动词）2.Sheisverybeautiful.（副词修饰形容词）3.Luckily,hewasnotbadlyhurt.（副词修饰句子）II.形容词和副词的1.种类三种Let’sfillintheblanks,词尾变化原级比较级最高级单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级)或-est(最高级)以字母e接尾的词加-r或-sttallhardlargewide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或estbighotthinfatwet以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为i再加-er,或-esthappydryearlynarrowclever多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加more和mostdifficultpopularslowlytallerharderlargerwidertallesthardestlargestwidestbiggerhotterfatterwetterbiggesthottestfattestwettesthappierdrierearlierhappiestdriestearliestnarrowercleverernarrowestcleverestmoredifficultmorepopularmoreslowlymostdifficultmostpopularmostslowly少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词可加-er或-est原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittleFarold比较级最高级betterbestworseworstlessmoremostfarther/furtherolder/elderleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest•P67•1.少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语。•2.频率副词作状语时,放在系动词,助动词情态动词之后,行为动词之前•3.某些副词强调上下句衔接时,可放在句首•4.enough修饰adj.和adv.时，放在其后．TomisastallasMike.（1）as+形容词原形+asThereareasmanystudentsinourschoolasyours.(2)倍数TomisthreetimesasoldasMike.(3)半数TomishalfastallasMike.III.Adj.和Adv.比较等级的用法(4)否定notas+形容词原形+as“和…不一样”或notso+形容词原形+as“不及／不如…TomisnotastallasMike.TomisnotsotallasMike.(1)A+be\v.+比较级+than…+BThisbridgeislongerthanthatone.(2)A++比较级+than…+BOurschoolislargerthantheirs.alittle,much,even,stiil,farect.(3)表示两者之间的选择，可使用“Whichis+比较级，…or…?”(4)表示不及另一方时，使用“less+原级+than…”Whichislonger,thisoneorthat?Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.(5)The+比较级+ofthetwo结构(6)“The+比较级…，the+比较级…”(7)“…比较级+and+比较级…”TheharderyoustudyEnglish,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.Inspring,thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.（1）…oneofthe+最高级+名词复数（2）…最高级+of(in)…LuXunisoneofthegreatestwriterslastcentury.(3)The+序数词+最高级Ofallthemoviestars,IthinkZhangZiyiisthebest.IV形容词变副词的规律：(1)．词尾加ly构成,realreally如:Strongstrongly(２)．词尾是y的要把y变为i再加ly,如:busybusilyhappyhappily(４)有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y,如:true–trulyterrible–terriblypossible--possibly(３)以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly,如:widewidelybravebravely(５)．注意:friendlylovely,lonely不是副词1.形容词和副词的概念，功用位置。2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法3.形容词变副词的规律1.Thebreadis____thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped____inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quitefar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theytalkedandlaughed______A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiestCCA4.Inourcityit’s____inJuly,butitiseven____inAugustA.hotterhottestB.hothotC.hotterhotD.hothotter5.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond______islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest6.Anelephantis____thanatiger.A.heavyB.veryheavyC.theheaviestD.heavierDCD7.Ahorseis______thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreheavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy8.Emmaalwaysmakesalotofmistakes.Sheis_____.A.careB.carefulC.carefullyD.careless9.Whichsubjectis_____,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinterestingCDC10.Heis___enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongest11.Lileioftentalks___butdoes___soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.lessmoreB.fewmuchC.morelittleD.littlemany12.Whenthefamoussingerstartedtosing,everyonebegantoshoutvery___.A.loudlyB.loudC.heavilyD.highAAANaturaldisastersPollutionPROPOSAL(倡议)Savingourplanet!Let’sstartfromourschool!1.Don’tthrowthelittereverywhere.6.Pickupthepaperorplasticbagsontheground.2.Turnoffthetap(水龙头)whenyoudon’tuseit.3.Turnoffthelightwhenyoudon’tuseit.4.Savepaper;recyclewastepaper.5.Recyclewastebottleandbattery.7.Don’tsmoke,chewgum.8.Don’tlightfire.9.Protecteverythinginourschool.•1.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词的顺序•2.作文SavingourworldSavingtheeartharedapplearoundtableaJapanesegirltallbuildings表颜色表国籍表形状表新旧表长短anoldbike多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色)--出处--材料性质,类别--名词1.ItismadeinSwitzerland(瑞士，其形容词为Swiss).2.Itismadeofmetal.3.Itisgrey.4.Itisbig.5.Itisround.6.Itisnew.Itisawatch.metalSwissgreynewroundbig口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y分别举例如下：quick—quickly,true—truly,happy—happily,possible—possibly.•某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。•如:terrible-terribly;true-truly;gentle-gently另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud(adj.)-aloud(adv.)此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。例句:Itispartlyherfault.有部分是她的错。需注意:friendly;motherly;lovely等词是形容词而非副词。