2017 《600分考点 700分考法》 A版-专题20 主旨大意

第2部分阅读理解专题20主旨大意目录600分考点真题例解Passage1700分考法完美应对题型考法解析考法1概括文章标题考法2概括文章主旨考法3归纳段落大意技巧1速读文章，明确主题技巧2瞻首顾尾，定位中心句技巧3转义概括，或取其一题型应考技巧Passage2600分考点真题例解Passage1Passage2体裁：说明文主题：家居环境与饮食词数：325建议用时：6′Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(难为情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.▶第一段首句为本文的主题句：你的房子可能会影响你的身材。▶第一段最后一句承上启下，点明了本文的说明对象：如何使你的房子成为你的饮食计划的一部分。▶第二段第一句为本段的主题句：拉开窗帘，打开灯。▶第三段第一句为本段的主题句：留意颜色，暖色会使我们的胃口大开。Passage1语篇线索［课标全国Ⅱ2015·B］Don’tforgettheclock—ortheradio.Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(摄入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.▶第四段第一句为本段的主题句：不要忘记钟表——或收音机。▶第五段第一句为本段的主题句：缩小盘子的尺寸。语篇线索1.Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout______.A.theirhomecomfortsB.theirbodyshapeC.housebuyingD.healthydiets2.Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople______.A.digestfoodbetterB.reducefoodintakeC.burnmorecaloriesD.regaintheirappetites【语篇导读】本文向我们介绍了家居环境对我们饮食的影响，然后给出了如何通过改变房间光线、墙壁的颜色、餐具的大小等来控制饮食，从而保持身材的建议。1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.（你的房子可能会对你的身材有影响。）和第二句…thewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.（你设计房子的方式对你是增肥还是减肥会起作用。）可以推断文章对那些在乎身材的人尤其有帮助，故选B项。2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.可知，研究发现，在蓝色房间内吃饭的人要比在黄色或红色房间内吃饭的人少吃33%的食物，故选B项。3.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoatmealtimes?A.Eatquickly.B.Playfastmusic.C.Usesmallerspoons.D.Turndownthelights.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsYourHouseMakingYouFat?B.WaysofServingDinnerC.EffectsofSelf-ConsciousnessD.IsYourHomeEnvironmentRelaxing?3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintakejumpsby14percent.可知，当我们用大汤匙的时候，摄入的总量要比使用小汤匙多14%，所以作者建议我们要想保持身材，就应该用较小的汤匙，故选C项。4.A【解析】主旨大意题。文章开篇点题Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.然后从专家的角度进一步说明thewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff，并给那些想减肥的人士提了一些房间布置的建议，故选A项。体裁：记叙文主题：文件失而复得词数：280建议用时：5′ArrivinginSydneyonhisownfromIndia,myhusband,Rashid,stayedinahotelforashorttimewhilelookingforahouseformeandourchildren.Duringthefirstweekofhisstay,hewentoutonedaytodosomeshopping.Hecamebackinthelateafternoontodiscoverthathissuitcasewasgone.Hewasextremelyworriedasthesuitcasehadallhisimportantpapers,includinghispassport.Hereportedthecasetothepoliceandthensatthere,lostandlonelyinastrangecity,thinkingoftheterribletroublesofgettingallthepaperworkorganizedagainfromadistantcountrywhiletryingtosettledowninanewone.▶第一段点明了故事发生的时间、地点以及背景。由本句可知作者的丈夫到达悉尼后准备为妻子和孩子找房子。Passage2语篇线索［课标全国Ⅱ2014·A］Lateintheevening,thephonerang.Itwasastranger.Hewastryingtopronouncemyhusband’snameandwasaskinghimalotofquestions.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan(垃圾桶)thathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.Myhusbandrushedtotheirhometofindakindfamilyholdingallhispapersanddocuments.Theiryoungdaughterhadgonetothetrashcanandfoundapileofunfamiliarpapers.Herparentshadcarefullysortedthemout,althoughtheyhadfoundmainlyforeignaddressesonmostofthedocuments.Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.Thatfamilynotonlyrestoredtheimportantdocumentstousthatdaybutalsorestoredourfaithandtrustinpeople.Westillremembertheirkindnessandoftensendawarmwishtheirway.▶trash为本文的一个关键词，其在下文中的复现更突显了该词的重要性。▶telephonenumber与第2题的题干相符，所以在此处寻找第2题的答案。▶最后一段点明主题，失而复得的文件让作者及家人找回了对他人的信任。语篇线索1.WhatdidRashidplantodoafterhisarrivalinSydney?A.Goshopping.B.Findahouse.C.Joinhisfamily.D.Takeavacation.2.Thegirl’sparentsgotRashid’sphonenumberfrom_______.A.afriendofhisfamilyB.aSydneypolicemanC.aletterinhispapersD.astrangerinSydney【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了她丈夫在一个陌生的城市丢失了重要的文件，绝望中有人打来电话，善良的一家人找到了他丢失的文件，同时也使作者与丈夫找回了对他人的信任。1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的whilelookingforahouse可知，作者的丈夫到达悉尼之后，暂住在旅馆中，并为妻子和孩子们寻找房子。故选B项。2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Atlasttheyhadseenahalf-writtenletterinthepileinwhichmyhusbandhadgivenhisnewtelephonenumbertoafriend.可知，他们从一封信中看到了作者丈夫的电话号码。故选C项。3.What