(毕业设计)DD6119K大客车底盘总布置设计说明书

本科生毕业设计（论文）I摘要客车底盘的总布置设计在客车设计中具有重要作用。本文对DD6119K客车底盘各主要部件进行总体的布置设计以及对相应的参数进行了选取和计算，在此基础上完成底盘总体布置设计。在设计过程中，对汽车底盘布置形式进行了选择，这样就确定了轴数、驱动形式、发动机的功率与布置形式。根据所确定的汽车底盘布置形式，考虑到商用车的舒适性及其对商用车的基本性能的要求来进行了汽车主要尺寸参数和性能参数的选取和计算，在此基础上选取并确定了底盘各部件的动力总成、减振器及转向器等。最后参考了同类车型的底盘总布置方案来对DD6119K客车进行底盘总布置，并绘制了底盘的总布置图。本文在底盘的设计过程中，为了保证汽车驾驶的舒适性和安全性，对转向系的运动干涉问题进行了校核。在分析过程中采用了图解法，对转向系在向左、向右时的不同情况进行校核，并测试其合理性，最后的分析结果表明，所设计的转向机构匹配合理，切合实际。关键词：客车；底盘；总布置；客车设计；本科生毕业设计（论文）IIAbstractThelayoutdesignofabus’chassisplaysanmajorroleinthedesignofabus.ThisdissertationmakesaoveralllayoutdesignofeachmainpartsoftheDD6119Kbus’chassis,aswellastheselectionandcalculationoftherelatedparameters.Onthebasicofthis,thechassisoftheoveralllayoutdesignwasfinished.Duringthisprocess,wemadeachoiceoftheformofthelayoutdesign.Inthisway,thenumberofshafts,thetypeofthedrive,thepowerandarrangedformoftheenginewereensured.Accordingtothearrangedformofthebusandconsideringthecomfortofaride,andthedemandofthebasicfunctionofthebusinessbus,wemadeaselectionandcalculationoftheparametersofthemainsizeaswellasthefunction.Onthebasicofthis,weselectedanddecidedthepowertrain,shockabsorber,steeringgearandsoon.Atlast,wemadealayoutof“DD6119K”bus’chassis,referringtotheprojectofthelayoutchassisofthesamestyes.Onthecourseofthedesignofthechassis,inordertomakesurethecomfortandthesafetyoftheautomobilism,wechecktheinterferencemovementofthesteeringsystem.Onthecoursethatweusethegraphicalmethod,checkthedifferentcasewhenthesteeringsystemturnleftorright.Theanalysisresultsindicatethatallthedesignofthesteeringsystemarematchingwithreasonandpracticableness.Keywords：Bus；Chassis；Layout；BusDesign；本科生毕业设计（论文）III目录第1章绪论.………………………………………………………………………11.1大型客车底盘概述………………………................……….....................11.1.1大型客车底盘的发展现状……………………………….………11.1.2大型客车底盘设计过程…………………………………………21.2本论文研究的内容………………………………….................................2第2章主要参数及各部件的确定………………………………………………42.1底盘总体设计的特点和要求………………………….............................42.2大型客车形式的选择……………………………….................................42.3大型客车主要参数的选择……………………………….........................52.3.1主要尺寸参数的确定……………………………………………52.3.2主要质量参数的确定……………………………………………52.3.3主要性能参数的确定……………………………………………72.4发动机的选择.............................................................................................92.4.1发动机形式的选择........................................................................92.4.2发动机主要性能指标的选择…………………………………..102.4.3发动机的悬置…………………………………………………..112.5传动系统...................................................................................................112.5.1驱动桥的形式…………………………………………………..112.5.2离合器的选择…………………………………………………..122.5.3变速器的选择…………………………………………………..142.5.4传动轴的选择….....................…………………………...…..…142.6行驶系统.................................................................................................152.6.1车架的形式确定………………………………………………..152.6.2悬架的形式确定………………………………………………..152.6.3轮胎的选择………………..........................................................162.6.4后桥的确定..................................................................................172.7转向系统...................................................................................................172.7.1前轴的确定…………………………………………………….182.7.2转向器选择…………………………………………………….182.7.3转向助力装置…………………………………………………..18本科生毕业设计（论文）IV2.8制动系统...................................................................................................192.8.1行车制动………………………………………………………..202.8.2驻车制动………………………………………………………..212.8.3辅助制动装置……………………………………………..........21第3章总体布置..................................................................................................223.1整车布置的基准线...................................................................................223.2发动机的布置...........................................................................................233.3传动系的布置...........................................................................................233.4转向装置的布置.......................................................................................243.5悬架的布置...............................................................................................253.6制动系的布置...........................................................................................263.7踏板的布置...............................................................................................263.8车架总成的布置.......................................................................................273.9油箱和蓄电池的布置...............................................................................27第4章运动校核..................................................................................................284.1计算原理....................................................................................................284.2作图方法....................................................................................................28第5章平顺性分析与悬架匹配分析..................................................................305.1客车平顺性概述.......................................................................................305.2客车的等效振动分析...................................