高一英语tales-of-the-unexplained课件1

Unit1TalesoftheunexplainedGrammarandusage•ThedisappearanceofJustin(make)Kellyveryunhappy.hasmade•Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutthingsthathappenedintherecentpast,butareconnectedtothepresent.Note:Theusesofthepresentperfecttense•I(notsee)JustinsincelastFridaynighthavenotseenWealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthatstartedinthepast,andisstillhappeningnow.Note:1.We(study)Englishforaboutfiveyears.2.They(live)inthesouthsincetheirdaughterwasborn.3.I(read)yourarticlethreetimes.It’swellwritten.4.Thestudent(finish)herhomeworkalready.5.Eric(go)backtohishometowntoday.6.Thepolice(justfinish)searchingthearea.havestudiedhavelivedhavereadhasfinishedhasgonehavejustfinishedWeusethepresentperfecttensewhentheexacttimeofanactionisnotclearorimportant.Weuseitwithtimeexpressionssuchas:alreadyeverforjustlatelyneverrecentlysinceyet•Weusealreadyforaffirmativestatementsandyetfornegativestatements.•Weusefor+aperiodoftimeandsince+apointintime.already,yet;for,since•Hehasjustgoneout.(=Hewentoutafewminutesago.)•Weusethepresentperfecttenseheretotellothersthatheisn’therenow.•Ihavejustheardthenews.(NowIknowthenews.)Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutactionsthatwerecompletedonlyashorttimeago.Inthiscase,justisused.Payattentiontothepositionofjust.Note:•Wecanalsousethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions,thatis,weusethepresentperfecttensewiththetimeexpressionsonce/twice/threetimes…•Tomhasrungupthreetimesthismorning.(Nowitisstillinthemorning.)•Tomrangupthreetimesthismorning.(Nowitisnotstillinthemorning.)•Actionsoccurringinanincompleteperiodmightbeindicatedbytodayorthismorning/afternoon/evening/week/month/year/centuryorallday/night/week,allthetime,alwaysetc.Lookatthefollowingsentencesandpointoutwhattenseortensesareusedinthemandthereasonswhytheyareused.1.WehavestudiedEnglishforaboutfiveyears.Webegantostudyitfiveyearsago.2.Theymovedtothesouthin1990andhavelivedtheresincethen.3.Ericlefthomelastyearandhasjustcomeback.4.Justinhasbeenawayfromhomeforseveraldays.HedisappearedlastFriday.5.Theyboughtthishousethreeyearsagoandtheyhavelivedheresincethen.6.Mybrotherwenttoseemygrandpalastweek.Hehasvisitedhimthreetimesthismonth.Thepresentperfecttenseandthepastsimpletense•1‘youmypen?’‘Yes,Iitonyourdeskjustnow.’(see)•2‘youdinner?’‘Yes,IitwithMary.’(have)•3thepostmanyetthismorning?thepostmanthismorning?(come)HaveseenHavehadhadDidcomeHavecomeThepresentperfecttenseisnormallyusedforanactionwhichlaststhroughoutanincompleteperiod,butwiththepastsimpletense,weusetimeexpressionswhichafixedpointinthepast.Wehaven’tseenJustinforaweek.(Heisstillmissing.)Justindisappearedlastweek.(ItmaymeanthatthisweekJustinishere.)Hehassmokedsinceheleftschool.(Hestillsmokes.)Hesmokedforsixmonths.(Itmeansthathestoppedsmokingthen.•Sometimes,however,theactionfinishesatthetimeofspeaking.•Ithasbeenverycoldlatelybutit’sjustbeginningtogetwarmer.•Onmeetingsomeone,youmaysay:Ihaven’tseenyouforages.(ButIseeyounow.)1Tomhashadabadcarcrash.(He’sprobablystillinhospitalnow.)Tomhadabadcarcrash.(Buthe’sprobablyoutofhospitalnow.)2Thelifthasbrokendown.(Wehavetousethestairs.)Theliftbrokedown.(Butit’sprobablyworkingagainnow.)•Forapastactionwhosetimeisnotdefiniteandoftenhasaresultinthepresent.•Readthediaryentryandthencompleteitusingthecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.(2)saw(3)hasvisited(4)loves(5)hasn’tvisited(6)hasswum(7)hasnevermet(8)hasdived(9)hasfound(10)hasn’tfound(11)Has,beenTheusesofthePresentperfectcontinuoustense1.Iforanhourandhestillhasn’tturnedup.(wait)2.I’msosorryI’mlate.youlong?havebeenwaitingHavebeenwaiting•WesometimesusethePresentperfectcontinuoustensetotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandarestillcontinuing,orhavejustfinishedbutarestillconnectedtothepresentinsomeway.Note:TheformofthePresentperfectcontinuoustense•Weformthepresentperfectcontinuoustensewithhave/hasbeenandthepresentparticipleoftheverb.Answers:(2)havebeentalking(3)havebeentaking(4)havebeenwatching(5)haveseen(6)havebeenwritingPresentperfectorpresentperfectcontinuoustense?•LiJiahasreadabookaboutStonehenge.•LiJiahasbeenreadingabookaboutStonehenge.•Inthefirstsentence,itmeanstheactionreadisn’tstillcontinuing,andLiJiaknowswhatthebookisaboutnow,butinthesecondsentence,itmeanstheactionreadisstillcontinuing.•I’vecleanedthehouse.•I’vebeencleaningthehouse.•ReadPoint1onpage10.IEgypttwicethismonth.(visit)IEgyptfortwomonths.(tour)Thepresentperfectcontinuoustensecan’tbeusedwithtimeexpressionssuchastwiceorhowmanytimes,becauseinthistensetheactioniscontinuous,notstoppedandstartedagain.Wecanusethepresentperfecttenseforrepeatedactions,andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensefornon-stopactions.havevisitedhavebeentouringhowmanytimes/howlong•haveyouswuminthelake?•haveyoubeenswimminginthelake?HowmanytimesHowlong•Weusuallyusethepresentperfecttensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowmany/much,andthepresentperfectcontinuoustensetoaskquestionsbeginningwithhowlong.AstateverboranactionverbIhavehadthiscameraforfiveyears.(stateverb)IhavetakenphotosofUFOswiththiscamera.(actionverb)IhavebeentakingphotosofUFOswiththiscamera.(actionverb)•Anactionmeanssomethingh