语法讲解与练习(五年级)

语法讲解与练习Be动词的用法(1)Am--wasIs--wasAre--were口诀：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，复数全用are。*be除了原型外的7种形式：amisarewaswerebeenbeing(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.(3)一般疑问句(4)be+现在分词表示进行时态；be+过去分词表示被动语态练习：用恰当的be动词填空1.I___aboy.__youaboy?No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Theman_______ateacher.Tomwithhisparents()gotothezoo5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where__yourmother?She___athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.MikeandLiuTao______atschool.9.Whosedress______this?10.Whosesocks______they?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.Thepairofjeansonthedesk.14.Here______ascarfforyou.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves______forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves______forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.20.Gaoshan'sshirt_______overthere.21.Mysister'sname______Nancy.22.This______notWangFang'spencil.23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland?24.There______agirlintheroom.25.There______someapplesonthetree.26._______thereanykitesintheclassroom?27.______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?28.There_______somebreadontheplate.29.There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.30.You,heandI______fromChina.人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。代词表Iyouhesheitweyoutheymeyouhimheritusyouthemmyyourhisheritsouryourtheirmineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs练习：用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thatisnot_________kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig.(I)2.Thedressis_________.Giveitto_________.(she)3.Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it’snot_________.(I)4._________ismybrother.________nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare_________.(he)5._________dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare_________?(you)6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________?(she)7.Icanfindmytoy,butwhere’s_________?(you)8.Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)9.Ihaveabeautifulcat._________nameisMimi.Thesecakesare_________.(it)10.Arethese________tickets?No,________arenot_________.________aren’there.(they)11.Shall_________havealookatthatclassroom?Thatis_________classroom.(we)12._________ismyaunt.Doyouknow_________job?_________isanurse.(she)13.Thatisnot_________camera._________isathome.(he)14.Whereare_________?Ican’tfind_________.Let’scall_________parents.(they)15.Don’ttouch_________._________notacat,_________atiger!(it)16._________sisterisill.Pleasegoandget_________.(she)17._________don’tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell_________.(we)18.Somanydogs.Let’scount_________.(they)19.Ihavealovelybrother._________isonly3.Ilike_________verymuch.(he)20.MayIsitbeside_________?(you)21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon____.(it）22.Thegirlbehind_________isourfriend.(she)介词表示地点位置的介词：1.at一般用在小地方;表示“在……附近，旁边”2.in一般用在大地方;表示“在……范围之内”3.on表示毗邻或者接壤，在……上面4.to表示“在……范围之外”，不强调是否接壤；或者表示“到……”5.above在某物上方，不强调是否垂直，与below相对6.over指在某物的垂直上方，与under相对7.on表示在某物上面并与之接触表示时间的介词：1.in表示较长的时间，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月以及一般的（非特指）早中晚on表示具体某一天以及早中晚at表示某一时刻或较短的时间，比如圣诞节、万圣节*lastnextthisthatsomeevery等词语之前不用介词2.in+一段时间表示将来的一段时间以后，是将来时Dadwillcomebackinthreedays.after+一段时间表示过去的一段时间以后，是过去式Dadcamebackafterthreedays.after+将来一段时间表示将来的某一个时刻以后Dadwillcomebackafterthreeo’clock.名词复数1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives（特例：roof（s））不规则名词复数1.child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-menwoman-women2.单复数同行：deersheepfishChinese3.集体名词（以单数形式出现，但实为复数）：peoplepolicecattle4.以s结尾仍然为单数：mathspoliticsphysicsnews5.表示由两部分构成的东西：trousersglassesclothes6.单词复数表示其他意思：goods（货物）waters（水域）fishes（各种鱼）练习：写出下列各词的复数I____him___this_______her______watch_______book_______child_______photo________diary______day________foot________dress________tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____thief_______peach______sandwich______man______woman_______paper_______people________动词三单的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies练习:写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go____stay________make________look______have_______pass_______carry____come________watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________teach_______一般现在时一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Youareaboy.你是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。3.当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Ilikebread.Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Heoftenplays.Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：Youoftenplayfootball.-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当