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Unit1SectionA1-3shrewdradiantdiscernstumpconversionsurpasspropositioncrumbleingeniousdistort1.Asthegenderbarrierscrumbled（瓦解，消失）,thenumberofwomenworkingaslawyers,doctors,orbankersbegantoincreasesignificantlyfromthemid-20thcentury.2.Withthedatacollectedeachyear,theowneroftheshopcandiscern（觉察出）customertrendsandhowthingslikeweatherandeconomicindicatorsaffectsalesperformance.3.Hissupervisorpushesandmotivateshiminsuchapositivemannerthatheisnotonlyabletoreachbuttosurpass（超过）hispersonalgoals.4.Heisamanwitha(n)shrewd（准确的）businesssense.Hehasbuilthisinitialinvestmentintoasubstantialandevenexcessivelylargefortune.5.Theconversion（转换）ofnuclearradiationdirectlyintoelectricitywasanexcitingpossibilitythatwasbeingvigorouslyexploredinmanylaboratoriesinthe1950s.6.Iwasnotonlyshockedbutalsodisgustedthatthereporttriedtodistort（曲解）thescientificfactsinsuchamannerthatevensomehighly-educatedpeoplewerefooled.7.Sixty-twoandblessedwithhismother'sskin,thefishermanhadwithstoodalifetimeofexposuretothesunandlookedasradiant（容光焕发的）asamaninhisforties.8.FrencheducatorLouisBrailleinventedasimplebutingenious（构思巧妙的）codewhichhashadanimpactonthelivesofgenerationsofpeoplewhoareblind.9.Thesenatorsdidn'texpectustoasksuchtoughquestions,andwhenwefinallydid,theygotstumped（（被）难倒）anddidn'tknowwhattosay.10.Thisnewlyestablisheduniversitysupportstheproposition（提议，建议）thatamorediversehighereducationsystemisdesirablesinceitwouldenhanceopportunitiesforlifelonglearning.1-6gainedderivementionedstumpedsurpassedheavilyretortedartisticdeterminedistortedanalyticalidenticallyoppositeluminousresponsibleHaveyoueverheardpeoplesaythattheytendtobemoreofaright-brainorleft-brainthinker?Frombookstotelevisionprograms,youhaveprobablyheardtheterm(1)mentioned（提及）numeroustimes,orperhapsyouhaveeventakenanonlinetestto(2)determine（确定）whichtypebestdescribesyou.Dodifferentpartsofthebrainreallycontroldifferentbodilyandmentalfunctions?Overtheyears,atheorythathas(3)gained（获得）inpopularityisthattherightbrainandtheleftbrainare(4)responsible（负责）fordifferentmodesofthoughtandthatthewayinwhichapersonthinkswilldependonwhichsideofhisbrainworksmoreactively.Peoplewhorelymore(5)heavily（沉重地（严重依赖））ontherighthalfoftheirbraintendtobemoreimaginativeandspontaneous.Theyareinterestedinpatterns,shapesandsizes,fortherightbrainisassociatedwith(6)artistic（艺术的）abilitylikesinging,painting,writingpoetry,etc.Left-braindominatedpeoplearequite(7)opposite（相反的）inthewaytheythink.Theytendtobemorelogicaland(8)analytical（分析的）intheirthinkingandusuallystandoutinmathematicsandwordskills.Whilethedifferentfunctionsofthetwobrainpartsmayhavebeen(9)distorted（曲解）andexaggeratedbypopularpsychology,understandingyourstrengthsandweaknessesincertainareascanhelpyoudevelopbetterwaystolearnandstudy.Forexample,ifyouareusually(10)stumped（（被）难住）intryingtofollowverbalinstructions,anactivityoftencitedasaright-braincharacteristic,youcanbenefitfromwritingdowndirectionsanddevelopingbetterorganizationalskills.1-7flareupbedrippingwithappealtoinexchangeformakeananalogybetweenmakeapactmake...outofsetadatefor1.Thebrickwallsoftheruinedbuildingsweredrippingwith（满是，充满）greenmoldandmoisture,andsheshiveredinvoluntarily,lookingdowntoavoidthesight.2.Asurbanpopulationsexportedfinishedgoodsinexchangefor（作为交换）rawmaterialsfromneighboringpopulations,organizedtradegrewsubstantially（大幅度地）.3.Knowingjusthowquicklyawildfirecanspread,someresidentsofthevillagedecidedtoleavetheirhomesaftertheflamesflaredup（突然爆发（烧起来））nearby.4.Biologyteachersoftenmakeananalogybetween（在……之间做类比）theheartandapumpinordertohelpstudentsunderstandhowtheheartworks.5.Theywouldliketosetadatefor（为……定日期）theirweddingandannouncetheirengagementtotheirfamiliesandfriendsassoonaspossible.6.Hewasdeterminednottosouraperfectlygooddaywiththememoryofonejealousclassmatetryingto(1)makeafool(2)outof（使……变成）himinfrontoftheentireclass.7.Thecouplemadeapact（约好，达成协议）nevertoworkatthesametime,sothatoneofthemwasalwaysonfull-timeparentingduty,andtheirchildwouldn'thavetobelookedafterbystrangers.8.Thepresidentsaidthatit'stheworstearthquakeevertohitthecountry,andthathehadappealedto（诉诸，唤起）theworldforhelp,askinginparticularforheavy-lifthelicoptersabletocarryreliefsuppliesintotheisolatedmountainareas.1-10中庸思想（DoctrineoftheMean）是儒家思想的核心内容。孔子所谓的中不是指折中，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种适度和恰如其分的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。TheDoctrineoftheMeanisthecoreofConfucianism.Theso-calledmeanbyConfuciusdoesn'tmeancompromisebutamoderateandjust-rightwaywhenunderstandingandhandlingobjectivethings.Confuciusadvocatedthatthisthoughtshouldnotonlybetreatedasawaytounderstandanddealwiththingsbutalsobeintegratedintoone'sdailyconducttomakeitavirtuethroughself-cultivationandtraining.TheDoctrineoftheMeanisnotonlythecoreofConfucianismbutalsoanimportantcomponentoftraditionalChineseculture.Fromthetimeitcameintobeingtothepresent,ithasplayedaninvaluableroleintheconstructionofnationalspirit,thetransmissionofnationalwisdom,andthedevelopmentofnationalculture.Unit1SectionB1-4h