初中定语从句(有趣)

个人介绍有学习上的问题和心灵上的困惑可以找我聊聊，失恋了别找我说，因为我也单身。定语从句翻译：他是一个伤心的男人。Heisasadman考一考他是一个喜欢抽烟的男人Heisamanthatlikessmoking.Heisamanthatlikessmoking.观察后不难发现：定语从句的构成为：that+其他这是一条喜欢和人说话的狗Thisisadogthatlikestalkingwithpeople.观察与类比请翻译：一.结构定语从句的结构：先行词+关系词引导的从句例如：Heisamanthatlikessmoking.先行词为“man”，定语从句为“thatlikessmoking”，而“that”为引导定语从句的关系词先行词是什么呢？先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词请指出下面句子中的先行词以及定语从句•1.Heisaboywholikesbeautifulgirls.•2.Thisisadogwhichlikeseatingmeat.•3.Iknowtheboywhomteachersalllike.•4.Xi’anisagoodplacewheretherearemanydelicousfoods.•5.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyhequiteschool?•6.Irememberthesedayswhenwewerefriends.二.关系词关系词关系代词That,which,who,Whom,whose关系副词Where,when,why1.关系词的作用关系词引导定语从句替代先行词在从句中充当成分HeisaboywhombeautifulgirlslikeHeisaboy/beuatifulgirlslikeaboy2.关系代词及其用法2.1.先行词为“人”(1)that:Heisthestudentthatlikesreadingbooks.Heisthestudentthatothershate.(2)who:Ilikethegirlwhohaslonghair.(3)whom:IknowtheboywhomMr.Wangistalkingwithnow.(4)whose:Heisasoldierwhoseeyesareblue.总结：that用在从句中作主语和宾语，who用在从句中作主语，whom用在从句中作宾语，whose常常后面加名词2.2.先行词为“物”(1)that:ThedogthatalwaysbarkstomeisveryuglyThedogthatthesechildrenisbeatingismine.(2)which:Thefishwhichisswimminginthepoolwillbeourdinner.Thecatwhichsheisplayingwithismine.(3)whose:Thebookwhosecoverisredisyours.总结：that用在从句中作主语和宾语，which用在从句中作主语和宾语，whose常常后面加名词关系代词用法总结关系代词先行词关系代词在从句中作什么that物/人主语/宾语who人主语whom人宾语whose人/物定语（谁的，什么的）which物主语/宾语请务必将此表记下来！！！练习(1)Idon’tliketheboy()nameisTom.(2)Thegirl()isreadingabookismysister.(3)Theoldman()theyaretalkingaboutisateacher.(4)Thecat()thedogishuntingforisTom’s.(5)Ilikeplayingwiththeboy()eyesarebrown.(6)Thefish()bodyisredisfromAfrica.2.3.只用“that”的情况三大原则1.说法绝对：先行词出现绝对性的描述，如唯一的(theonly),每个人(everyone),每件事(everything),所有的(all),没有一个(none),任何事(anything),任何人(anyone)2.数字常考:当先行词前有序数词时，如thefirst,thesecond,其中thelast，最后的也属于这种情况3.最高级：先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，也只能用“that”此外：当先行词是人和物一起的时候，关系代词也要用that又来？Thisistheonlybook()Icanfind.Thisisthebestbook()Ihaveeverread.Isthereanything()youdon’tunderstand?Theboyandhisdog()arewalkingalongthestreethavelosttheirway.3.关系副词及其用法(1)where:Iremembertheschoolwherewehadspent3years.(2)when:Doyoustillrememberthesedayswhenwewerestudents.(3)why:Canyoutellmethereasonwhyheleaveme.关系副词在从句中作状语4.关系代词与关系副词的选择(1)Iknowthereasonwhyhelefthome.Iforgetthereasonthathehadtoldme.(2)Istillrememberthesedayswhenwewerebestfriends.Istillrememberthesedaysthathehadforgottenalready.(3)Thisistheschoolwherewehadleftagoodmemory.Thisistheschoolthatwasdestroyedin2006.我一定是听了假课，这又是什么东西？？？判断定语从句中到底是要选择关系代词还是关系副词，关键在于：去掉要填的关系词后，如果从句依然完整，则使用关系副词，如果缺少主语宾语而使得句子不完整，则使用关系代词Heisagoodstudentwholikesreadingbooks.Iknowthereasonwhyhecametomyhome.Hestillrememberthecliffwherehejumped.(不及物动词)来来来！不要松懈了，趁热再来几道题。1.Thereason()hecamehereisnotclear.2.Thesedays()welivedtogetherisunforgettable.3.Ilikegotothepark()manyoldmenpalysbasketballeverday.4.Thisisthestaion()hehadtalkedabout.5.Idon’tunderstandthereason()hehadexplainedtome.非限定性定语从句1.区别：限定性定语从句是对先行词进行修饰说明的，是必要信息。非限定性定语从句是对主句信息的补充说明。HeisthemanthatistalkingwithMr.Wang.Obama,whowasthepresidentoftheUS,loveshisdaughter.原来是这样！2.结构：限定性定语从句关系词和主句之间不分开非限定性定语从句常常用逗号单独隔开，且关系词用which，who，whom，whose,关系代词的选择与前面判断限定性定语从句中关系代词的方法一致。此外，which可以指代主句的全部内容。注意：that作关系词时前面不能有逗号。Tom,whoisastudent,ismyneighbour.Hehadwonthefirstprize,whichsurprisedmealot.例题：1.Thiscar,()isdyedred,isSmith’s.2.Theboy,()wealllikes,isnamedTom.3.TheChairman’sdaughter,()nameisAnn,gavemeapatientsmile.4.TheCEO,()hasearnedalotofmoney,ismyfather.5.Hehadkilledhisfather,()surprisedmealot.本堂小结请同学来自己总结一下定语从句1.结构2.关系词：关系代词与关系副词3.关系代词和关系副词的判断4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句Thankyou！