*(310058),,。、、、、,。,,。;;1009-7848(2013)09-0174-08、、、、,,,、、、、[1]。:,,,、、、、[2]。,、、、,[3]。,,,,。,,(Lactococcus)、(Lactobacillus)、(Enterococcus)、(Leuconostoc)、(Streptococ-cus)、(Bifidobacterium)。()(、、)。(homofermentation)(heterofermentation)。、,;,[4]。。,、,pH,,、。,,、、,。,、γ-、,。,,,。1、,、,、、,、、、。1.1(:2012-09-19:(31130042);(2012BAD37B01):,,1984,:Vol.13No.9Sep.2013JournalofChineseInstituteofFoodScienceandTechnology13920139139、)。,,,、,[5]。、,,[6-7]。[8]173,Lactococcusrefinolacis、Lac-tococcuslactissubsp.lactis、Leuconos-toconeos、Leuconostoclactis、Streptococcushyointestinalis、Streptococcussalivarius、P.acidilactici、Lactobacillu.plantarum、Lactobacillusmurinus;[9],(Lacto-bacilluslactis)、(Lactobacillusad-dophilu)、(Lactobacillusbrevis)(StreptococcusLactis);Zhou[10]:(Leuconostocmesenteroides)、(Lactococcuslactis)、(Lactobacilluskefiri)、(Lactobacilluscasei);[11](Lactococcuslactis)、(Lactobacilluslactis);[12]:(Leuconostoclactis)、(Lacto-coccuslactis)、(Lactobacillusplan-tarum)。,Bacillaceae、Bifidobacterium、Leuconostocpseudomesenteroicles、Leuconostoc、Micrococcaceae、StreptococcusLactis、Enterococcus.faecalis[13-14]。1.21.2.11982Sh-iomi(EPS),[15]。[16]S-180,,。[17](Streptococcusthermophilus)HCT-8,。,EPSEPS[18-19]。1.2.2[20]MA2(LactobacillusplantarumMA2),,、,,。[21],(、、),。1.2.3,[22]。[23]1(Lactobacilluspentosus),,41.6557mg/L,,。2,,,、、[24]。,、、、B,,、[25]。175201392.1(、)(、),、,、,,,[26-27]。、[28]。,、、,、、,。,,。,,[29]。,50,,:(Lactobacillussanfranciscensis)、(Lactobacillusplantarum)、(Lacto-bacillusbrevis)、(Lactobacillusfer-mentum)、(Lactobacillushelveticus)、(Lactobacillusparalimentarius)、(Lactobacillusmindensis)、(Lactobacilluscrvatus)、(Lactobacillusrossiae)、(Lactobacilluscrustorum)、(Leconostoccitreum)、(Weissellacibaria)、(Weissellaconfusa)、(Lactococcuslactis)、(Leuconostocmesenteroides)、(Enterococcusdurans)[30-31]。2.22.2.1,。,。[32],ATCC8293ATCCBAA-365,,12.03%,1.76%。2.2.2,,,。。[33],(Saccharomycescere-visiae)、(Lactobacillusbulgari-cus)、(Lactobacillusacidophilus),,。2.2.3,,,,。[34](Lactobacilusparalimentarius)412,,412,。3,,,,、、、。,,,[35-36]。3.1、、、,,[37]。、、,pH4.8~5.2,,[38]。,,,,,176139。[39]1。(Lactobacillus)(L.plantarum)(Streptococcus)(Str.lactis)(L.sake)(Str.acidilactis)(L.acidophilus)(Str.diacetilactis)(L.lactis)(L.casei)(Pediococcus)(P.acidilactici)(P.pentosaceus)(P.cerevisiae)(L.curvatus)(L.fermenti)(L.bifermentans)(L.brevis)(L.buchneri)(L.helveticus)(L.bulgaricus)1Table1Lacticacidbacteriaidentifiedintraditionalmeat-basedfermentation3.23.2.1,,,,,,。[40]、(L.casei)C67R6,。3.2.2,,。[41],(Lactobacillusplan-tarum),。4,,,,,“、、、”[42]。4.1、,,,。,、,,、、,。,。,,。、、[43]。,(Pediococcuspentosaceus)、17720139(Leuconostocmesenteroides)、(L.plantarum)、(L.brevis)、(Ente-rococcus)、(L.casei)、(L.buchneri)、(L.farciminis)、(L.alimentarius)、(E.durans)、(S.pasteuri)、(L.curvatus)、Lactobacillusnamurensis、(Lactobacil-luspentosus)(Lactobacilluspara-plantarum)[43-44]。4.24.2.1(Conjugatedlinoleicacid,CLA)、、、,CLA。[45](Lactobacil-lusplantarum),、,lp15-2-1,,,CLA2.09mg/mL。4.2.2γ-(γ-aminobutyricacid,GA-BA)γ-,,、、、、。[46]CABA,LactobacillusbrevisBS2。[47]CABA(Lactobacilusfermentum)ML7。CABA。4.2.3、,,Nisin。[48],(Lactobacillusplantarum)H1,。4.2.4、、,。[49],,。[50]LC-13LL-12,、、。51500,,、,、、。,60%,,、、,。,,,,。,、、[51]。5.1,,、,,。:(Tetragenococcushalophilus)、(Pedio-coccushalophilus)、(Pediococcusso-jae)、(Lactobacillusplantarum)、(Weissellacibaria)(Weissellaconfusa)(Weis-sellaparamesenteroides)、(Pediococcusacidilactici)[51-52]。5.25.2.1,,、,。[53]YM-4-3,,178139、。5.2.2、,,。[54],、、pH5.0,35℃、3%36h,32.50U/mL,K2HPO4、MgSO4。5.2.3β-β-,β-,,,,。[55]β-GJ-1-3L,、、pH6.5MRS,4%,35℃12h,β-6.73U/mL。5.2.4。[56]3,,。6,,。,,、、。,(1)。、,,,,、,、,。(2)。1994,2009,、、、、、14951,、3388,16SrDNA,。(3)。、,,。20086Lcaseizhang,6“”,。(4)。、,、、、,,。,,,,、、。[1],,,.[J].,2009,(8):61-64.[2],.[J].,2004,23(3):6-8.[3],,,.[J].,2009,30(23):516-520.[4],.[M].:,1999.17920139[5]ParaskevopoulouAA.,AthanasiadisaI.,KanellakibM.,etal.Functionalpropertiesofsinglecellproteinproducedbykefirmicroflora[J].FoodResearchInternational,2003,36(5):431-438.[6],,.[J].,2009,(1):242-244.[7],,,.[J].,2010,14(4):517-519.[8],,.[J].,2012,6(2):91-95.[9],,.[J].,2005,33(9):35-39.[10]ZhouJianzhong,LiuXiaoli,JiangHanhu,etal.AnalysisofthemicroflorainTibetankefirgrainsusingdenaturinggradientgelelectrophoresis[J].FoodMicrobiology,2009,26(8):770-775.[11],,.[J].,2007,7(4):42-46.[12],,,.TK3[J].,2011,32(15):191-195.[13]MaC.L.,ZhangL.W.,YiH.X.,etal.TechnologicalcharacterizationoflactococciisolatedfromtraditionalChinesefermentedmilks[J].JDairySci,2011,94(4):1691-1696.[14]YuJ.,WangW.H.,MengheB.L.G.,etal.DiversityoflacticacidbacteriaassociatedwithtraditionalfermenteddairyproductsinMongolia[J].JDairySci,2011,94(7):3229-3241.[15]PiermariJ.A.,PinottiA.,GarciaM.A.,etal.Filmsbasedonkefiran,anexopolysaccharideobtainedfromkefirgrain:developmentandcharacterization[J].FoodHydrocolloids,2009,23(3):684-690.[16],,,.[J].,2005,(6):56-57.[17],,,.[J].,2008,29(4):405-408.[18].[D].:,2005.[19]HosonoJ.L.,AmenatiA.,NatsumeM.,etal.Characterizationofawater-solublepolysaccharidefractionwithim-munopotentiatingactibityfrombifidobacteriumadolescentisM101-4[J].BioscienceBiotechnologyandBiochemistry,1