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倒装句一、倒装句之全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1）here，there，now，then，thus等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be，come，go，lie，run.Theregoesthebell.Thencamethechairman.Hereisyourletter.2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Outrushedamissilefromunderthebomber.Aheadsatanoldwoman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如：Herehecomes.Awaytheywent.二、倒装句之部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1）句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no，not，never，seldom，little，hardly，atnotime，innoway，notuntil…等。NeverhaveIseensuchaperformance.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.当Notuntil引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。Ihaveneverseensuchaperformance.Themotherdidn‘tleavetheroomuntilthechildfellasleep.典型例题1）Whycan‘tIsmokehere？Atnotime___inthemeeting-roomA.issmokingpermittedB.smokingispermittedC.smokingisitpermittedD.doessmokingpermit答案A.这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，其句中的主谓须用倒装结构。这些否定词包括no，little，hardly，seldom，never，notonly，notuntil等。本题的正常语序是Smokingispermittedinthemeeting-roomatnotime.2）Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury___whatheatis.A.mandidknowB.manknowC.didn‘tmanknowD.didmanknow答案D.看到Notuntil…的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D中选一个。改写为正常语序为，Mandidnotknowwhatheatisuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19th.现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了，否则意思就变了。三、以否定词开头作部分倒装如Notonly…butalso，Hardly/Scarcely…when，Nosooner…thanNotonlydidherefusethegift，healsoseverelycriticizedthesender.Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenastudentcametovisither.Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither.典型例题Nosooner___thanitbegantorainheavily.A.thegamebeganB.hasthegamebegunC.didthegamebeginD.hadthegamebegun答案D.以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never，seldom，scarcely，little，few，not，hardly，以及notonly…but（also），nosooner…than，hardly…whenscarcely…when等等。注意：只有当Notonly…butalso连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Notonly…butalso仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfondofmusic.四、so，neither，nor作部分倒装表示“也”、“也不”的句子要部分倒装。TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.Ifyouwon‘tgo，neitherwillI.典型例题-DoyouknowJimquarrelledwithhisbrother？-Idon‘tknow，_____.A.nordon‘tIcareB.nordoIcareC.Idon’tcareneitherD.Idon‘tcarealso答案：B.nor为增补意思“也不关心”，因此句子应倒装。A错在用don‘t再次否定，Cneither用法不对且缺乏连词。D缺乏连词。注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。TomaskedmetogotoplayfootballandsoIdid.-It‘sraininghard.-Soitis.五、only在句首要倒装的情况Onlyinthisway，canyoulearnEnglishwell.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装Onlywhenheisseriouslyill，doesheeverstayinbed.六、as，though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词，副词，分词，实义动词提前）。注意：1）句首名词不能带任何冠词。2）句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill，heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。考点练习题考点1；“强调否定状语的倒装句”的基本用法“强调否定状语的倒装句”是指为了强调句子中针对全句的否定状语，将其置于句首所引起部分倒装结构。常考的放于句首引起部分倒装的含有否定意义的状语有：never,seldom,rarely,little,few,hardly/scarcely...when...,nosooner...than...,atnotime,bynomeans,nolonger,notonly...butalso...,notuntil,nowhere,neither...nor...等。例如：NevershallIforgetthislesson.我绝对不会忘记这个教训。SeldominallmylifehaveImetsuchadeterminedperson.我一生中很少遇见这样意志坚定的人。Nosoonerhadwereachedthestationthanthetrainleft.我们刚到车站，火车就开了。NolongerwillIbelieveawordyousay.你的话我以后一个字也不相信了。NotonlywasChurchillastatesman,butalso(hewas)apoet.(notonly...butalso...连接两个句子时，前一个句子倒装，后一个不倒装)丘吉尔不仅是一位政治家，还是一位诗人。NotuntilquiterecentlydidIhaveanyideawhataguidedmissilewaslike.直到最近我才知道导弹是个什么样子。注意：如果放在句首的否定状语只否定主语或句中的副词，而不针对全句，就不用进行倒装。例如：Notasoulwasanywherevisible.到处见不到一个人。Hardlyanybodybelievesthat.几乎没有人相信那件事。Notlongagoitrained.不久前下过雨。［考题1］I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans____withmyprogress.(2006重庆)A.theteacherisnotsatisfiedB.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfiedD.istheteachersatisfied［考题2］Little____thatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.A.herealizedB.hedidn’trealizeC.didn’therealizeD.didherealize［考题3］TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle____theyknowaboutGerman.(2005天津)A.haveB.didC.hadD.do［考题4］—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosooner____thanithappened.(2006天津)A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegoneD.shehasgone［考题5］Notonly____interestedinfootballbut____beginningtoshowaninterestinit.(2002上海春)A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare［考题6］Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver____howseriousthepollutionwas.(1995)A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizeD.didn’tthevillagersrealize［考题7］Neverbefore____ingreaterneedofmodernpublictransportthanitistoday.(2005上海)A.hasthiscitybeenB.thiscityhasbeenC.wasthiscityD.thiscitywas［考题8］Theoldcouplemarriedfor40yearsandneveronce____witheachother.(2003)A.theyhadquarreledB.theyhavequarreledC.havetheyquarreledD.hadtheyquarreled［考题9］IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.Neverinallmylife____sohappy!(2000北京、安徽春)A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt［考题10］Neverinmywildestdreams____thesepeoplearelivinginsuchpoorconditions.(2006安徽)A.IcouldimagineB.couldIimagineC.Icouldn’timagineD.couldn’tIimagine［考题11］IhavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfortwentyyears,