2013高考英语定语从句复习

高考英语定语从句一、相关术语二、分类三、关系代词和关系副词四、解题步骤和解题技巧一、相关术语1、定语从句2、先行词3、关系词：关系代词、关系副词二、分类1、限制性定语从句2、非限制性定语从句1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.2.TheladywhomwesawyesterdayisGreen.3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.5.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.6.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.7.Hetoldmeastoryyesterday,whichIthinkisveryinteresting.8.ImetJohn,whotoldmethenews.三、关系代词和关系副词1、关系代词指人指物主语宾语定语thatwhichwhowhomwhose√×√√√√√√√√√√√√√√×××××××××从句关系代词格限制性+非限制性限制性指人指物既指人又指物主语宾语定语that、which、who(m)等在限制性定语从句中作宾语时常可以省略。whowho(m)whose/ofwhomwhichwhose/ofwhichthatwhose2、关系副词•when=表时间的介词（in/on/at/during等）+which•where=表地点的介词（in/on/at/under等）+which•why=表原因的介词（如for）+which•关系代词与关系副词的判断•方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面若无宾语，该用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，故句中无宾语时用关系代词（但从句中已有宾语或是被动语态，则用关系副词）。例如：例1.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.例2.I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.判断：Thisisthemountainvillage______Ivisitedlastyear.I'llneverforgetthedays______Ispentinthecountryside.which/that/--which/that/--方法二：判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、定、状)，正确选择关系代词/关系副词。（主、宾、定——用关系代词，状——用关系副词。）•例1.Isthismuseum_____youvisitedafewdaysago?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theoneD例2.Isthisthemuseum_____theexhibitionwasheld?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.theone关系词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，用关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；关系词在从句中作状语，则用关系副词(where作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语)。A四、解题步骤和解题技巧•1、判断是否定语从句（抓主干）；•2、判定限制与非限制（看逗号）；•3、抄上先行词，确定关系词（看关系词和先行词的关系,缺什么用什么）；•主、宾、定——用关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that；•状——用关系副词when，where,why。•4、检查(读一遍是否通顺)。1.Doyoustillrememberthedays__________wespentinQingdao?2.Doyoustillrememberthedays_________wespentthesummerholidaysinQingdao?which/that/--when/duringwhich•3.Wearelivinginanage_______________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.•4.Wearelivinginanage_______________wehavealotofthingstolearnabout.when/inwhichwhich/that/--•5.Iwenttotheplace_______________Iworkedtenyearsago.•6.Iwenttotheplace_______________Ivisitedtenyearsago.where/inwhichwhich/that/--•7.Thisisthereason_______________hewaslate.•8.Thisisthereason________________hegave.why/forwhichwhich/that/--