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2020-4-19高一英语特训语法1高一英语特训语法电子教材动词的时态时间状态一般进行完成完成进行现在√√√√过去√√√√将来√√√×过去将来√×××一、一般现在时1.①表示经常、普通的动作或状态T(时间)nowHeoftengoestoseehisgrandfather.②表示客观事实或真理Theearthmovesroundthesun.Heatrises③按时刻表发生的动作(飞机/火车/轮船/学校/商店等)用现在时代替将来时Theshopopensat8:00.Thetidesadvance；thetidesrecede.Wintergoesandsummercomes.Summerwanesandcoldincreases.Thesunrises;thesunsets.Themoonisfull;themoonisblack.Thebirdsarrive;thebirdsdepart.Flowersbloom;flowersfade.AllnatureisacircleofmoodsandIampartofnatureandso,likethetides,mymoodwillrise;mymoodwillfall.2.表示广义现在Iamateacher.T(时间)now2020-4-19高一英语特训语法23.一般现在时表示将来例：We'llstarttheclassassoonastheteachercomes.错误：We'llstarttheclassassoonastheteacherwillcome.在时间（when/while/as/before/after/until/thetime/themoment）、条件（if/unless/once）和让步（whatever/however）状语从句中，一般用现在时代替将来时。1.—Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?—Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou________thetrainingcourse.A.willhavefinishedB.willfinishC.arefinishingD.finish2.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonashe________.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isgoingtoarriveD.isarriving3.Wouldyoupleasegivehimthismessagethemomenthe________?A.arrivesB.arrivedC.willarriveD.willbearriving4.Theprofessor________hissontowatchTVuntilhissonhasfinishedreviewinghislessons.A.willbeallowedB.won'tallowC.willallowD.won'tbeallowed5.—Willyougonow?—NotuntilI________myexperiments.A.havefinishedB.willfinishC.willhavefinishedD.hadfinished二、现在进行时（狭义现在、动感）1.表示现在某时刻正在进行的动作●T(时间)now2.表示现在某时段正在进行的动作I'mwritingabookrecently.IteachEnglish.职业感比较强I'mteachingEnglish.3.当进行时态与always/constantly/forever等连用“...总是...”，常带有感情色彩（偏负面如抱怨、责怪等）Heisalwaystalkingabouthisrichfather.Healwaystalksabouthisrichfather.(描述)Leifengwasalwayshelpingothers.4.进行时态在口语中常表示将来，动作往往已经安排好、计划好。2020-4-19高一英语特训语法3（comegogethavetakeleavearrive）I'mgettingmarriednextmonth.will情态动词，表示意愿1.Ididn'tlikeauntLucy,who________withoutwarningandbringinguspresents.A.alwaysturnedupB.hasalwaysturnedupC.hasalwaysturnedupD.wasalwaysturningup2.Mymoney________,ImustgotothebanktodrawsomeofmysavingsoutbeforeI'venoneinhand.A.hasrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasbeenrunoutD.isbeingrunout3.You________thingsabout.Look,whatamessinyourroom!A.alwaysthrowB.havealwaysthrownC.arealwaysthrowingD.havealwaysbeenthrowing4.Mybicycle________downjustwhenIneeditmost.A.alwaysbreaksB.alwaysbrokeC.isalwaysbreakingD.hasalwaysbroken5.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology________sorapidly.A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange三、一般过去时1.描述过去的动作或状态2.典型的时间状语yesterday/last.../in1998/before.../...agoT(时间)now和现在没有任何联系四、现在完成时1.有表示延续的时间状语（for.../since），表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，有可能继续持续。2020-4-19高一英语特训语法4IhavelearnedEnglishfor10years.T(时间)nowIlearnedEnglishfor10years.我曾经学过十年英语。（现在不学了）典型时间状语1.for+时间段2.since+时间点/从句3.到目前为止sofar/untilnow/uptonow......4.在过去的几年里/在最近的几年几月几日......forthepastfewyearsinthelastfewdays/weeksIhaveseenthemovielastnight.错误Isawthemovielastnight.Ihaveseenthemovie.2.没有表示延续的时间状语，表示动作从过去开始，在过去结束，但对现在造成影响。T(时间)nowIsawthemovielastnight.（描述）Ihaveseenthemovie.（强调完成动作对现在的影响）Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness_______.A.hasgrownB.isgrowingC.grewD.hadgrown3.在完成时态中，短暂动词在肯定句中不能与一段时间连用Ihavelefttheclassroomforfiveminutes.错误表示leave这个动作持续五分钟leave是不可延续动词短暂动词：come/go/leave/start/die/buy/begin/marry/kill/jion等IhaveleftBeijingforfiveyears.错误IhaveleftBeijing.2020-4-19高一英语特训语法5五、现在完成进行时1.基本形式has/havebeendoing2.定义：具有完成和进行两方面的特点，表示一个动作在一段时间里一直在进行，强调动作的一直性、专一性、常用时间状语：allday/morning/night/yearthewholeday/morning/week等Ihavewaitedforyoufor5years.Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufor5years.3.现在完成是与现在完成进行时的区别（1）IhavelearnedEnglishfor10years.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor10years.IhavelearnedEnglish.我学过英语了（现在不学了）IhavebeenlearningEnglish.我一直在学英语（现在还在学）（2）现在完成时强调结果，现在完成进行时强调过程1.Ican’tsleep.Thepeopleinthenextapartment______alotofnoise.AhavemadeBhavebeenmaking2.He’sbeensickallweek.He____inbed.AhasstayedBhasbeenstaying3.Sheisunhappy.She______lostherjob.AhasjustlostBhasbeenlosing4.Shelostherjobthreeweeksago.Shehasn’thadmuchfreetimelatelybecauseshe______foranewjob.AhaslookedBhasbeenlooking5.NowIcanpayformycarrepairbecauseI______acheckfrommyinsurancecompany.AhavereceivedBhavebeenreceiving6.Ididn’thavetimetowatchTVtodaybecauseI______onmycomposition.AhaveworkedBhavebeenworking7.Twoyearsago,Iretired.I______ataxifor25years.AhavedrivenBhavebeendrivingCdrove（3）现在完成进行时强调动作的一直性、专一性，一般不可以间断，当表示......已经几次时只能用现在完成时。Ihavebeenreadingthebook.Ihavereadthebooktwice.2020-4-19高一英语特训语法61.—Youhaven'tfinishedyourhomeworkyet,haveyou?—No,I________itthewholemorning.A.havebeendoingB.havedoneC.haddoneD.did2.—Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.—Iamtired.I________thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted3.Thetelephone________fourtimesthishour,andeachtimeit________formyroommate.A.hasrung;wasB.hasbeenringing;isC.hadrung;wasD.rang;hasbeen六、过去进行时（对照现在进行时）1.表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作。常用时间状语：atthistimeyesterday/at7o'clockyesterday当两个动作同时发生，常用when/while/as等连接，短暂性动词常用一般过去时，可延续动词常用过去进行时。WhenIenteredtheroom,hewassinging.2.表示过去某时段正在进行的动作。动作往往没有结束。Iwaswritingabooklastyear.我去年在写一本书。（没写完）Iwroteabooklastyear.去年我写了一本书。（写完了）3