2017高考英语语法填空解题技巧

高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法命题揭密根据上表，我们知道，语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考___________________等四类词。一个空格只能填个单词(2)有提示词题型：通常考_____、_______、_____________________________、________________等。一个空格可以填__________个单词冠词、介词、连词和代词一动词形容词和副词的比较等级词性转换一到两名词第一部分3.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittosmalltownsome20kilometersaway.4.Istillremembertaking___visitingfriendfromCanadatoalocalBlackCountrypub(酒店)forlunch.考点一：冠词•名词之前1.Thereoncewereagoat(山羊)andadonkey(驴)….Sothefarmerkilled__________goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjectto(受到)thiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas________shy,nervousperfectionist(完美主义者).thea考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法考点分析aa无提示词下列情况很可能填：(1)________+可数n.(单数)；(2)________+形容词+可数n.(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)_____(+形容词)+n.+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_____(+形容词)+n.+定语从句(表示特指)；(3)_____(+形容词)+n.+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)考点分析不定冠词定冠词解题技巧导学案冠词练习KEYS:1.the2.a3.a4.an5.an6.the7.an8.the9.a10.athe考点二：介词(1)介词+宾语（名词）(2)不及物动词+介词+宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.4.Hewasverytired_____________doingthisforawholeday…ofat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配考点分析onfrom无提示词：注意固定搭配betiredfrom因…厌倦当空格后的名词(一般前有限定词)、代词或动名词在句中不是作主语、表语，也不是作动词的宾语时，那就是作介词的宾语，即填介词。因为名词和代词最典型的用法是在句中作主语或宾语，既然不作主语和动词的宾语，那就是作介词的宾语了，所以要填介词。具体填什么介词,可能是由介词与该名词的搭配及其意义来决定,也可能是由动词或形容词与介词的句式搭配来决定。解题技巧导学案介词练习1.into2.by3.by4.with5.to6.as7.about8.at9.beyond10.for考点三：代词(1)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格,注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。(2)指示代词,不定代词、反身代词等考查语法点:代词的基本用法考点分析1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:asmile…itherme•无提示词无提示词：代词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括1.人称代词(I/me/you/he/him等)、2.指示代词(it/this等)、3.不定代词(something/anything等)、4.名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers等)、5.疑问代词(which/who等)、6.反身代词(不能作主语)(myself/yourself等)在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her等)。考点分析解题技巧导学案代词练习1.they2.us3.me4.his,her５.theirs.６.mine7.itself8.itself9.herself10.themselves考点四：连词或从句引导词•两个主谓结构连接1.Historically,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains_______theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.2.Itgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution,_______factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandlocaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolor.3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter(柜台)______someattractivetieswereondisplay.4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckup(拔起)allofhiscropafewinches.whywhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法考点分析wherethat•无提示词[解题技巧]考点分析解题技巧并列句和复合句并列句：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句复合句：主句（主＋谓＋宾）＋从句（连接词＋主＋谓）两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，否则，句子的结构就不完整。导学案介词练习1.but2.when3.or4.therefore/thus5.neither/nor6.however7.What8.what9.where10.that语法填空题—纯空格介词，连词，代词，冠词，巩固练习一、单句填空：1.a2.on3.a;an4.At5.who6.which;it7.who;he/she8.or9.until10.when11.whose;its12.why;that13.that;that14.other15.yourselves二、语篇感悟1.because2.which3.to4.your5.in6.the7.it8.more9.so10.did第二部分考点五：谓语动词•有提示词•与主语构成主谓结构1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(07广州一模)2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(08深圳二模)3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(08广东)wastoldkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致考点分析results当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑__________、__________、__________、__________等四个方面。【确定时态的3条依据】(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently,sofar,uptonow,uptothepresent,inthepastfewyears常与现在完成时连用；bytheendof,since1980,forthreeyears常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题只考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。解题技巧时态、语态、语气、主谓一致导学案谓语动词练习1.found2.presented3.says4.arrived5.is6.goes7.was8.caught9.weretold10.willbebuilt考点六：非谓语动词•有提示词•除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________(receive)thegift.(07广州一模)2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________(complete)therest!(07广二模)3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________(include),adoredher.(08深圳二模)4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows(眉毛)(raise).(11广州一模)receivingtocompleteincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用考点分析raised当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing,done,todo)。解题技巧导学案非谓语动词练习1.living2.built3.tocool4.toreduce5.being6.tostop7.Smoking8.tocome9.tosell10.held考点七：词性转换•有提示词•介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________(rude).(07深圳一模)2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.(08惠二模)3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______(nature)course.(08广东)4.____________(doubt),althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.(09汕头水平考试)rudelysuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化考点分析naturalUndoubtedly当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类