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XXXXXXX学院毕业设计论文1摘要本毕业设计的课题是板材焊缝超声波探伤测试。主要任务是在掌握过程设备制造流程和焊接缺陷及其产生原因的基础上，研究超声波探伤技术在钢制压力容器对接焊接接头探伤检测中的应用，并给出焊缝返修的具体方案。本文详述了国内外超声检测技术的发展和现状，并在简述过程设备制造、焊接及无损探伤的基础上详细介绍了超声波探伤技术及其在焊缝无损探伤中的应用及评定等级和注意事项。针对给定的板材焊缝，通过实验检测该焊缝的缺陷，本文详细介绍了试块选用，设备调试，现场探伤中的常见问题及解决方法。同时给出了现场探伤、缺陷定位和长度测量的具体方法，并通过GB11345-89标准对试验中检测到的缺陷进行了等级评定并得出了检测工艺卡。关键词：焊缝；超声波探伤。XXXXXXX学院毕业设计论文2AbstractThetaskofthegraduationdesignistheplateweldultrasonictesting.Themaintaskistomastertheprocessequipmentmanufacturingandweldingdefectsanditscauses,studyofultrasonicflawdetectiontechnologyinsteelpressurevesselbuttweldedjointflawdetection,andgivestheconcreteplanoftheweldrepairing.Thispaperdescribesthedomesticandforeigndevelopmentandpresentsituationofultrasonicdetectiontechnology,andintheprocessequipmentmanufacturing,weldingandnondestructivetestingbasedondetailedintroducestheultrasonicdetectiontechnologyanditsapplicationinweldNDEandratingandmattersneedingattention.Foragivenplatewelding,thewelddefectsdetectionbyexperiment,thispaperintroducesthetestblockselection,equipmentcommissioning,on-siteinspectionofthecommonproblemsandsolutions.Atthesametimeprovideson-sitetesting,defectlocationandlengthmeasurementmethods,andthroughtheGB11345-89standardtotestthedetecteddefectswereratingandthedetectionprocesscard.Keywords:Weld;ultrasonictestingXXXXXXX学院毕业设计论文3目录摘要...........................................................................................................11.1选题的背景及意义....................................................................................................................51.2超声检测技术的发展历程和现状............................................................................................61.2.1国际超声检测技术的发展历程和现状............................................................................61.2.2我国超声无损检测发展现状............................................................................................62.0过程设备制造及焊接缺陷.....................................................................72.1过程设备制造工艺流程...........................................................................................................72.1.1.选材及下料.....................................................................................................................72.1.2焊接....................................................................................................................................82.1.3压力容器的热处理............................................................................................................92.1.4压力试验和气密性试验................................................................................................102.2常见焊接缺陷及产生原因....................................................................................................112.2.1焊缝中常见的焊接缺陷...............................................................................................122.2.2焊缝缺陷产生的可能因素...........................................................................................133.超声探伤技术........................................................................................143.1无损探伤................................................................................................................................143.1.1无损探伤种类及特点....................................................................................................143.1.2焊缝探伤方法的选择....................................................................................................153.2超声探伤...............................................................................................................................163.2.1超声波探伤方法............................................................................................................163.2.2超声探伤的设备与器材...............................................................................................173.3横波斜探头探伤技术............................................................................................................203.3.1横波斜探头探伤原理.................................................................................................203.3.2斜探头的扫查方式........................................................................................................214.焊缝的超声波探伤及缺陷评定..............................................................224.1焊缝超声波探伤...................................................................................................................224.2超声检测中缺陷测量............................................................................................................294.2.1小于晶片直径的缺陷定量............................................................................................294.2.2大于晶片直径的缺陷定量............................................................................................30XXXXXXX学院毕业设计论文45.钢板焊缝超声探伤实验.........................................................................315.1超声波探伤实验仪器调校....................................................................................................315.1.1超声波探伤实验设备...................................................................................................315.2现场探伤..........