求解热传导方程的Crank-Nicolson方法

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Crank-Nicolson266061Crank-NicolsonOτ2+h2.1214.Crank-NicolsonO175.26A1004-7077201205-0004-050、Crank-Nicolsonr≤12rCrank-Nicolson..2H=mh3Saul'yevr≤1.Crank-Nicolson.1Crank-Nicolsonut=2ux20<x<l0<t≤Tux0=φx0≤x≤lu0t=1tu1t=2t0<t≤{T11h=lJτ=TNJ、Nx=xj=jhj=12…JJh=lt=tn=nτn=12…NNτ=T.0≤x≤l0≤t≤{}TxjtnUnj=uxjtnunj1xjtnr=τh2.·4·201210Oct.2012295JOURNALOFZAOZHUANGUNIVERSITYVol.29NO.52012-05-011987-.1xjtn+12u{}xn+12j=un+1j-unjτ+Oτ222ux{}2n+12j=12h2δ2xun+1j+unj+Oτ2+h2=12un+1j+1-2un+1j+un+1j-1h2+unj+1-2unj+unj-1h232、3141-12rδ2xun+1j=1+12rδ2xunj44Crank-NicolsonOτ2+h241+run+1j-12run+1j+1+un+1j-1=1-runj+12runj+1+unj-152Crank-NicolsonCrank-NicolsonAnUn+1=BnUn+enn=01…N-1U0={φ6Ai=ABi=BCi=A-1B=C6AUn+1=BUn+enn=01…N-1U0={φ7KCn≤K0≤n≤Tkλ1λ2…λM-1CρCλiC17kc0C=A-1BρC≤1+c0k8n>0ρnC=ρCn≤Cn7ρnC≤K0<n≤Tk989.8ρnC≤1+c0kn≤1+c0kTk≤ec0T=K9T-kk≤n≤TkρC≤KkT-k=ekT-klnK=1+klnKT-k+k22lnKT-k2+…<1+c0kc0=lnKT-k0ek0T-k0lnK0<k<k0.2AA2=ρA.347C=A-1BCC*=C*C87.CCnCk2=ρCn=ρnC9·5·Crank-NicolsonCn≤K0≤n≤Tk8987.1Crank-Nicolson1+rUn+1j-12rUn+1j+1+Un+1j-1=1-rUnj+12rUnj+1+Unj-1n=01LN-1N=Tkj=12LJ-1Jh=1U0j=φjhj=01LJUn0=1nkUnM=2nkn=01LN101+r-12r-12r1+r-12r-12r1+r-12rOOO-12r1+r-12r-12r1+rUn+11Un+12Un+13MUn+1J-2Un+1J-1=1-r12r12r1-r12r12r1-r12rOOO12r1-r12r12r1-rUn1Un2Un3MUnJ-2UnJ-1+11r2Un+10+r2Un000M0r2Un+1J+r2UnJn=01LN-1U01U02U03MU0J-2U0J-1=φhφ2hφ3hMφJ-2hφJ-1h·6·20125TJ-1=-211-211-21OOO1-211-212M-1λj=-4sin2jπ2Jj=12LJ-1102I-rTJ-1Un+1=2I+rTJ-1Un=enU0={φ13C=2I-rTJ-1-12I+rTJ-1C2-4rsin2jπ2J2+4rsin2jπ2Jj=1LJ-1jr=kh21C3Crank-Nicolson.3Crank-Nicolsonut-2ux2=00<x<10<t≤1ux0=ex0≤x≤1u0t=etu1t=e1+t0<t≤1uxt=ex+t1h=110τ=110.2h=1100τ=1100..12.1、h=110τ=110Table1Thenumericalsolutions、theexactsolutionsandtheabsolutevalueoftheerrorinsomenodesnxt|-|10.50.11.8223491.8221192.305e-420.50.22.0141052.0137533.522e-430.50.32.2259532.2255414.124e-440.50.42.4600722.4596034.692e-450.50.52.7188022.7182825.204e-460.50.63.0047433.0041665.770e-470.50.73.3207553.3201176.379e-480.50.83.6700023.6692977.051e-490.50.94.0559794.0552007.795e-4100.51.04.4825504.4816898.612e-4·7·Crank-Nicolson2、h=1100τ=1100Table2Thenumericalsolutions、theexactsolutionsandtheabsolutevalueoftheerrorinsomenodesnxt|-|100.50.11.8221211.8221192.281e-6200.50.22.0137562.0137533.420e-6300.50.32.2255452.2255414.115e-6400.50.42.4596082.4596034.672e-6500.50.52.7182872.7182825.210e-6600.50.63.0041723.0041665.776e-6700.50.73.3201233.3201176.389e-6800.50.83.6693043.6692977.064e-6900.50.94.0552084.0552007.808e-61000.51.04.4816984.4816898.629e-63E∞hτ=max1≤j≤J-11≤n≤N|uxjtn-unj|31214.3Table3Themaximumerroratdifferentstep-lengthshτE∞hτE∞2h2τ/E∞hτ1/101/108.612e-4*1/201/202.174e-43.9611/401/405.436e-53.9991/801/801.359e-54.0001/1601/1603.398e-63.9991/3201/3208.495e-74.0001/6401/6402.123e-74.0011.M.1995.2DawsonCNDuQiangDupontT.F.AfinitedifferencedomaindecompositionalgorithmfornumericalsolutionoftheheatequationJ.MathematicsofComputation19911955763-71.3.J.2005450-253.4.M2002.·8·20125

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