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中西方餐桌礼仪的差异DifferentTableMannersbetweenChinaandtheWestI摘要不同的国家和民族由于地区差异形成了不同的文化，而不同国家的社会生活方式则形成了不同的饮食文化及餐桌礼仪。饮食文化及餐桌礼仪是非语言文化的重要组成部分。作为一名外语学习者，了解中西方饮食文化及餐桌礼仪方面的差异及其渊源是必要且必须的。因为这不仅仅可以增加对所学语言文化的认识，更加有助于提高跨文化交际的成功率，避免由不合适的行为或方式所形成的误解。本文第一部分分别对中西方餐桌礼仪做简要概括。第二部分为本文核心，从餐具，座次，点餐及用餐氛围四个方面具体介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的差异。第三部分从地理因素，价值观，及传统习俗入手，讲述形成中西方餐桌礼仪差异的原因。以此三个部分展现餐桌礼仪在中西方文化交流中的重要性。关键词：餐桌礼仪；差异；原因IIAbstractDifferentcountriesandnationshavedifferentculturesasaresultofregionaldifferences.Thesociallifestyleofdifferentcountriesformdifferentdietcultureandtablemanner,whichisanimportantpartofnonlanguageculture.Asaforeignlanguagelearner,itisnecessarytolearnthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternfoodcultureandtablemanners.Becauseitcannotonlyincreasethecomprehensionofthelanguageculture,butalsohelptoimprovethesuccessrateofinterculturalcommunication,soastoavoidthemisunderstandingcausedbyimproperbehaviorormanner.ThefirstpartofthispapergivesabriefsummaryofChineseandwesterntablemanners.Thesecondpartisthecoreofthispaper,describingaccuratelythedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterntablemannerfromfouraspectsthataretableware,seatarrangement,servingorderanddiningatmosphere.ThethirdpartintroducesthereasonsthatthedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesterntablemannerfromthegeographicalfactors,values,andtraditionalcustoms.ThepurposeofthispapershowsthattablemannerplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofculturalcommunicationbetweenChineseandwesternculture.Keywords:Tablemanner;differences;Reasons;IIIContents摘要....................................................................................................................................IAbstract.................................................................................................................................IIContents...............................................................................................................................III1Introduction....................................................................................................................12TheDifferentTableMannersBetweenChinaandWest................................................22.1DifferenceinDinnerware........................................................................................22.2DifferencesinServingOrder...................................................................................32.3DifferencesinSeatArrangement.............................................................................42.4DifferencesinAtmosphere......................................................................................53TheReasons....................................................................................................................63.1GeographicFactor..................................................................................................63.1TheViewofValue...................................................................................................73.2TraditionalCulture...................................................................................................84Conclusion......................................................................................................................9References.............................................................................................................................911IntroductionTablemannerreferstothecommonpoliteeatingstandardinhumansociety.Onthecontrary,somebehaviorswheneatingareregardedasrudeanddestroyingother’sappetite.Inaccordancewithdifferentcultureofdifferentcountries,therearedifferenttablemanners.Accordingtotheliterature,ChinChinesedailylife.Whereas,tablemannerhashighstatue.WhileeatingwithtraditionalChinesefamily,wehavetorespecttheirtraditionalcultureandcustom.TablemanneroccupiesaimportantplaceinthemodernChineselifeorder.Theythinkthateatingisnotjusttomeetthebasicphysicalneed,butalsoessentialsocialexperience.ThereforeitisparticularlyimportanttomastersomeceremonialknowledgeaboutChinesetablemanner,esetablemannerhasformedaquitecompletesystemsinceZhouDynasty.ThistraditionalbanquetarestillremaininginmostpartsofChina.Asthesayinggoes,foodistheparamountnecessityofthepeople.Inthiswaycanweseethateatingdietplaysasignificantroleinwhetheryouareahostoraguest.WesterntablemanneroriginatedinMerovingianDynasty,FranceaffectedbytheByzantineculture.AttheRomanEmpireTime,tablemannerbecamemorecomplexandautocratic.Theemperor,sittinginthetallestchairs,mustreceivethedishestakenbytheministerswhenmusicwassounded.Beforetheseventeenthcentury,eatingwithhatwasthetraditionalcustom.Intheimperialera,differentnationshavedifferenteatinghabitsastablemannerismorecumbersomeandharsh.WhentheRomansatelunch,theyusuallyliedonthechairs.Beforeeating,Britishputtheirhandsontheleg,whileFrenchputtheirhandsonthetable.Europeantablemannerisdevelopedonthebasisofknightsspirit.Inthetwelfthcentury,theItalianculturespreadtoFrancesothattablemannerbecameelegantandrefined.Today,therehasformedacompletesetoftablemanners.22TheDifferentTableMannersBetweenChinaandWest2.1DifferenceinDinnerwareChopsti