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GrammarV+ing构成:V-ing形式由“do＋ing”构成,其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以带宾语或状语构成V-ing短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。V-ing形式语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式完成式doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone(not)(not)(not)(not)作用Playingtricksonothersissomethingweshouldneverdo．Learningnewwordsisveryimportantforme．1．作主语①直接置于句首②用形式主语it，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。It’sworthmakingtheeffort.It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.It’suselessarguingwithhim.【考例】—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？—__________hernewbicycle．A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.BecauseoflosingHaveyouconsideredlookingforafriendtohelpyou?Itriedtoavoidmeetinghim.3.作宾语2.v-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的内容、身份、性质或情况。如：•Herhobbyispainting.•Myjobislookingafterthechildren.Hisconcernforhismotherismostmoving.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbeveryamusing.①只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid,admit,appreciate,complete,consider,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,finish,forgive,imagine,keep,mention,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,understandcan’thelp,putoff,giveup,cannotstand,insiston,keep(on),feellike,prefer…to,leadto,devote…to,objectto,stickto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,getdownto常跟doing的短语Doyoumindpassingmethebook?Ifeeltired.Doyoumindmylyingdownonyourbed?Hiscominghomelatemadehismotherworried￣me接doing的其它结构havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingThereisdifficulty/trouble(in)doingspend/waste…(in)doingbebusy(in)doingItisnogood/usedoing(thereisnogooddoing)IfinditnogooddoingbeworthdoingThereisnopoint/senseindoingThereisnoneedtodo②既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词A.接doing和todo意思基本相同的常见的有:like，love，hate，prefer，continue,begin/startB.接doing和todo意思不同的常见的有:forget，remember，regret，try，mean，goon,learn,cannothelp,beusedto,stopIrememberpostingtheletter．I’llremembertoposttheletter．Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter．Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother．Iregretmissingthereport．IregrettosayIcan’ttakeyouradviceWemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime．Let’strydoingtheworkinsomeotherway．Ididn’tmeantomakeyouangry．Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours．I’mbusysoIcan’thelp___houseworktoday.(do)Icannothelp____aboutthatgirl.(wonder)Westoppedtalkingtodosomeexercises.Wecannothelpbutadmirehiscourage.Mygrandpaisusedtogoingforawalkafterdinner.Woodcanbeusedtomakepaper.C.在need,want,require之后:doing=tobedoneHershoeswantsmending.Yourhairneedscutting.Thefloorrequireswashing.tobemended.tobecut.tobewashed.D.在allow,advise,forbid,permit(consider)后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere．Weconsidercomingbacktomorrow.Weconsiderhimtohavecomeback.【考例】—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset？—__________hernewbicycle．A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing【考例】—Let'shavearest．—Notnow．Idon'twanttostop______yet．A.studyB.tostudyC.forstudyingD.studying—Letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists．—Don’tyouremember________methestoryyesterday?A.toldB.tellingC.totellD.tohavetold1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_______mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repairedExcersices2.Haveyouforgotten___$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember____ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing3.Theclassroomwants_____.A.cleanB.cleanedC.tocleanD.cleaning4.Jacksaidthathewouldn'tmind__forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waited5.Mybrotherkeeps___mewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped6.Weshouldoftenpractise___Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking7.Keepon____andyouwillsucceed.A.atryB.tryC.tiringD.trying8.Hisparentsinsiston___tocollege.A.heshouldgoB.hegoC.hisgoingD.himtogo9.Thestorywassofunnythatwe___.A.couldn’thelplaughB.can’tbutlaughC.couldn’thelplaughingD.couldn’thelpbuttolaugh10.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear(昂贵),itisworth______.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit11.Hedevotedhislifeto_____theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudied12.Wearebothlookingforwardto__nextweek.A.goingonvocation(休假)B.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocation13.Youmustpayattentionto___theworksofLuXun.A.readB.readingC.readerD.beread14.Youshouldworktonightinsteadof_____TV.A.towatchB.youwatchingC.youwatchD.watching15.Themicroscopeisusedfor__minute(微小的)objects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine16.Mikehasgotused___uplateatnight.(stayup)A.tositB.XC.tosittingD.sitting17.Oncetheheartstops_____,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating18.Wearenowbusy_____fortheexamination.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.beingprepared19.Iremembered____thispersonsomewherebefore.A.seeingB.havingbeenseenC.seenD.tosee20.Iregret____thattoher.A.havingsaidB.tohavesaidC.tosayD.X21.Thepatientmustbeseparatedtoavoid(避免)____others.A.beinginfected(感染)B.infectingC.toinfectD.infected22.Yourclothesneed______.A.washedB.tobewashedC.towashD.beingwashed23._____providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while______providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathed24.Heattendedthepartywithout___.A.invitedB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.beinginvited25.By____,watercanbechangedintogas.A.heatingB.beingheatedC.havingheatedD.heated26.Onlandmanyobjectspre