第1页共21页高中英语非谓语动词命题陷阱详解及强化训练2重难点讲解:9.Bothofmyparentsinsisted_______acomputerforme,butIdon’tthinkitisnecessary.A.tobuyB.buyingC.onbuyingD.inbuying陷阱:容易误选B,误认为insist后不能接不定式,但可以接动名词。分析:答案应选C。其实,动词insist后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词,因为insist通常用作不及物动词;若语义上需接宾语,要借助介词on或upon,即用于insiston[upon](doing)sth;但它有时的确也可用作及物动词,不过其宾语通常只能是that从句,而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如:Heinsistedonseeingherhome.他坚持送她回家。Iinsistedthathe(should)stay.我坚持要他留下。10.“Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir?”“No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.”A.typingB.tobetypedC.typedD.totype陷阱:容易误选D,根据havesthtodo这一常用结构推出。分析:最佳答案是B。确实,在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义,如Ihavesomeclothestowash等,即尽管其中的someclothes与其后的不定式towash具有被动关系,但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是,这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系,如Ihavesomeclothestowash中的towash就是由该句主语I来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同,即其中的totype这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较:AreyougoingtoShanghai?Doyouhaveanythingtotaketoyourson?你要去上海吗?你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗?I’mgoingtoShanghainextweek.Ihavealotofthingstotakewithme.下个星期我要去上海,我随身要带很多东西去。11.Shetookherson,ranoutofthehouse,_____himinthecaranddrovequicklytothenearestdoctor’soffice.A.putB.toputC.puttingD.havingput陷阱:容易误选B或C,误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。分析:正确答案选A。句中的took,ran,put,drove为四并列的谓语动词,其时态应一致。类似地如(答案选A):Igotoutofthetaxi,_____thefareanddashedintothestation.A.paidB.paying第2页共21页C.topayD.havingpaid但是,下面一题稍有不同:Hearingthenews,herushedout,______thebook______onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left;lainopenB.leaving;lyingopenC.leaving;lieopenedD.left;layopened此题答案选B,leaving在此表结果,lyingopen与其前的动词leave有关,leave后接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。12.Thebossinsistedthateveryminute______madefulluseof______theworkwell.A.be,todoB.was,doingC.be,doingD.was,todo陷阱:容易误选B。分析:其实正确答案是A。分析如下:(1)第一空填be,是因为insisted后接that从句,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气,其中的should也可省略。(2)第二空要填todo,是因为此句谓语为被动语态,假若将此句转换成主动语态,则是…shouldmakefulluseofeveryminutetodotheworkwell,句中涉及makeuseof…todosth(利用……做某事)这一结构。另外,还有makethemostof(尽量利用),makethebestof(尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例子:(1)Theoldprofessortolduseverypartofthematerialsshouldbemadeuseof______thepowerstation.A.tobuildB.buildingC.buildD.built此题答案选A,不是B。为便于理解,可先考虑以下结构:…makeuseofeverypartofthematerialstobuildthepowerstation由此可见,makeuseof的宾语是everypartofthematerials,其后的不定式tobuildthepowerstation为目的状语。(2)Doesthewayyouthoughtof_______thewatercleanmakeanysense?A.makingB.tomakeC.howtomakeD.havingmade此题答案选B,不是A。句子主语是theway,youthoughtof是修饰主语的定语从句,不定式tomakethewaterclean也是修饰主语的定语,也就是说,句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。13.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout第3页共21页陷阱:几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析:答案选A。此句结构较复杂,现分析如下:(1)thattheywouldliketosee_____thenextyear是修饰名词theplan的定语从句。(2)由于theplan与空格处的carryout有被动关系,故填过去分词carriedout。请做以下类似试题:(1)Whodoyouthinkyou’dlike_____withyou,aboyoragirl?A.tohavegoB.tohavetogoC.tohavegoneD.havingtogo在确定答案之前,我们先来看看下面这个句子:IthinkI’dliketohaveaboygowithme.句中的go要用原形,这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中,假若对名词aboy提问,便可得出:Whodoyouthinkyou’dliketohavegowithyou?对照上面一题,答案很显然是A。(2)Whodidtheboss_____hiscarthistime?A.makewashB.maketowashC.makewashingD.makingtowash在做此题之前,也请先看看下面这个句子:ThebossmadeJackwashhiscarthistime.假若对句中的名词Jack提问,便可得出:Whodidthebossmakewashhiscarthistime?由此可知上面题答案为A。(3)YoucanneverimaginewhatgreatdifficultyIhad______yourhouseallbymyself.A.foundB.findingC.tofindD.forfinding此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是havegreatdifficulty(in)doingsth。14.Howhappyweare!Theholidaywehavebeenlookingforward_______atlast.A.tohascomeB.tohavecomeC.tohavingcomeD.hascome陷阱:几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析:其实正确答案是A。大家知道,短语lookforwardto意为“盼望”,其中的to是介词,而不是不定式符号,所以后接动词要用动名词,许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是,句中介词to的宾语不是havecome,而是theholiday。正解的句子分析是:theholiday为句子主语,wehavebeenlookingforwardto是修饰主语的定语从句(介词to的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that,被省略),hascome是句子谓语。请做以下类似试题:第4页共21页(1)Themanyoureferredto_____justnow.A.comesB.comeC.comingD.came答案选D,句子主语为theman,youreferredto为修饰theman的定语从句,空白处填came,为句子谓语。(2)Thetheoryhesticksto______tobeofnouseinourstudies.A.provesB.proveC.provingD.beproved答案选A,hesticksto是修饰主语thetheory的定语从句,句子的基本结构为Thetheoryprovestobeofnouseinourstudies.(3)Theworkhedevotedhistimeto_____worthpraising.A.wasB.beC.beingD.been答案选A,hedevotedhistimeto是修饰主语thework的定语从句。句子的基本结构为Theworkwasworthpraising.(4)Ithinkthisistheveryworkthatwemustfinish____her.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped答案是A。句中空格处填的动词help并不是finish的宾语,正确的句子分析是:thatImustfinish是修饰名词theverywork的定语从句,finish的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that,其后的不定式tohelpher是目的状语。(5)Whichdoyouenjoy____yourweekend,swimmingorfishing?A.spendingB.beingspentC.spendD.tospend答案选D。enjoy的宾语是句首的疑问词which,不是其后的动词spending。此题中的tospend…用作目的状语。(5)Whattheboyenjoys_____tohavearoomofhisown.A.beingB.tobeC.isD.are答案选C,而不选A。whattheboyenjoys是主语从句,空格处填的is为谓语动词。(6)Nothingthathesuggested_____tobeofanyuse.A.proveB.provedC.provingD.toprove答案选B,而不选C。句子主语是nothing,thathesuggested是修饰主语的定语从句,suggested的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that,而不是其后的动词;句子谓语是proved。全句意为“他建议的情况没有一条是有用的。”(7)Theoldhousewepaidavisit_____atthetopofthehill.第5页共21页A.standingB.tostandC.tostandingD.tostands答案选D。wepaidavisitto是修饰theoldhouse的定语从句,句中的stands为主句谓语。(8)Thelifeheisnowused_____quitedifferentfromours.A.isB.tobeC.tobeingD.tois答案选D。句中heisnowusedto是修饰thelife的定语从句,to后的动词is是句子的谓