英语写作Chapter-4-The-five-paragraph-Essay

Chapter4TheFive-ParagraphEssay:FourStepsinEssayWritingInstructor:CarolynYoungDiagramofanessay(短文结构图）Openingremarkstocatchreader’sinterestThesisstatementPlanofdevelopment(optional)Topicsentence1SpecificevidenceTopicsentence2SpecificevidenceTopicsentence3Specificevidencesummary(optional)GeneralclosingremarksIntroductionBodyConclusionFourstepsinessaywriting1.formulateaclearlystatedthesis2.Supportthethesiswithspecificevidence3.Organizeandconnectthespecificevidence4.Writeclear,error-freesentencesStep1.Beginwithathesis(论点）Yourfiststepinwritingistodiscoverwhatpointyouwanttomakeandtowritethatpoint/thesisoutasasinglesentenceintheintroductoryparagraph.thesisstatementUsethethesisasaguidewhilewritingyouressay.ThesisstatementItisthecentralideaoftheessayItincludestwoparts:atopicandthewriter’sattitude,opinion,ideaorpointaboutthetopic.E.g.Studyingoverseashasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Activity(P.49)Foreachthesisstatementbelow,single-underlinethetopicanddouble-underlinethewriter’spointaboutthetopic.1.Ourcafeteriawouldbegreatlyimprovedifseveralchangesweremade.2.Celebritiesarepoorrolemodelsbecausethewaytheydress,talkandbehave.3.SUVsareinferiortocarsbecausetheyarehardertocontrol,moreexpensive,anddangeroustotheenvironment.4.Advertiserstargetyoungpeopleinordertomarketcigarettes,alcohol,andadultmovies.5.Livinginthecityhascertainadvantagesoverlivinginthesuburbs.Writeagoodthesisstatement1.Writestatements,notannouncements.Athesisstatementmustmakeapointaboutalimitedsubject.E.g.Iwanttotalkaboutmyparents.Thesubjectofmypaperisfamilylove.I’dliketotellyousomethingabouttrafficjamsinGuangzhou.E.g.Myparentshavesomegoodqualities.TherearesignificantdifferencesbetweenfamilyloveinChinaandtheUnitedStates.TrafficjamsinGZhaveseveralcauses.2.AvoidstatementsthataretoobroadAthesisstatementshouldbefocusedenoughthatitcanbesupportedbyafive-paragraphessay.E.g.Menandwomenareverydifferent.Diseasehasshapedhumanhistory.E.g.Menandwomenareoftentreateddifferentlyintheworkplace.AIDShaschangedpeople’sattitudesaboutdating.3.AvoidstatementsthataretoonarrowAthesisstatementshouldbebroadenoughtorequiresupportinanessay.E.g.AtyphoonhitShenzhenthissummer.Apersonmustbeatleastthirty-fiveyearsoldinordertobeelectedpresidentoftheUnitedStates.dead-endstatementE.g.Governmentofficialsmadeanumberofmistakesintheirresponsetotherecenttyphoon.ItisunfairandunreasonabletorequireaU.S.presidenttobeatleast35yearsold.4.MakesurestatementdeveloponlyoneideaThepointofanessayistocommunicateasinglemainideatothereader.Trytobeasclearaspossible.E.g.Teachershaveplayedanimportantroleinmylife,buttheywerenotasimportantasmyparents.E.g.Teachershaveplayedanimportantroleinmylife.Activity(P.54)Arethefollowingstatementstoonarrowortoobroad?Revisethemtomakethemeachaneffectivethesis.1.Upto70percentofteenagemarriagesendindivorce.2.Actionmustbetakenagaindrugs.Revisedsentences:Thefactthatupto70percentofteenagemarriagesendindivorcecausesserioussocialproblems.Strictactionshouldbetakenbythegovernmenttofightagainstdrugaddictionamongyouth.Step2:SupportthethesiswiththreemajorsupportingpointsItrequiresagreatdealofcarefulthinking.Toensureyouressaywillhaveadequatesupport,youmayfindaninformaloutlineveryhelpful.Workoutalogicoutlinethatincludesthreesupportingpoints.ActivityCompletethefollowingoutlinebyaddingathirdlogicsupportingpointthatwillparallelthefirsttwopoints.1.MystepmotherhasthreequalitiesIadmire.a.patienceb.thoughtfulnessc.__________________Answer:generosity/honesty/hard-working/thrifty/hospitality/integrity2.Collegestudentsshouldliveathome.a.stayintouchwithfamilyb.avoiddistractionsofdormorapartmentlifec._________________________________Answer:savemoney/enjoygoodfood/haveprivacy3.Collegeisstressfulformanypeople.a.worryaboutgradesb.worryaboutbeingaccepted.c._________________________________Answer:worryabouttheircareers/theirfuture/theirextracurricularactivitiesDevelopthethreemajorsupportingpointswithspecificdetailsAthesismustbesupportedbythreemajorsupportingpoints,andeachmajorsupportingpointmustbedevelopedwithspecificdetails.detailsexcitethereader’sinterest.detailsservetoexplainawriter’spoints.Donotwritevague,generalsentences.ComparethefollowingtwoparagraphsPetscanbemoretroublethanchildren.Mydog,unlikemychildren,hasneverlearnedhowtotakecareofhimselfwhenwe’reaway,despitethefactthatwe’vegivenhimplentyoftimetodoso.Wedon’thavetoworryaboutourgrownchildanymore.However,westillhavetohireadog-sitter.ComparethefollowingparagraphsTakingpartinsportscanalsohelpimprovestudyefficiency.Itcangiveyouarestafteraday’shardwork.Itcanmakeyourelaxwhenyoufeeltiredandbroken-down.Itcanmakeyouconcentrateyourstudyandworkmore.Soifyoutakepartinsportsregularly,youstudyefficiencywillsurelyimproved.Takingpartinsportscanalsohelpimprovestudyefficiency.Forexample,wheneverIfeelalittletiredfromstudies,Iwillhavea15-minutewalkoncampus.afterabriefwalkIalwaysfeelentirelyrefreshedandrelaxed.Icancontinuetostudyandmemorizethingsbetter.Mypersonalexperienceshowsthathalfanhour’sexerciseafterasuppe