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具体名词抽象化⑴一些表示部门、机构或公共场合的名词在与介词in,to,at,after连用时，常失去可数名词的具体意义gotoschool(bed,college),finishschool(college),inclass,attable⑵数量词+of结构中，of后的名词可能抽象化Whatsortofbookdoyouwant?Heisnotthekindofpersontoidleawayhistime.⑶表示交通工具的名词bike,car,bus,boat,train,plane,ship,trolley,freight⑷表示身份的可数名词在系动词turn后作表语时Heusedtobeateachertillheturnedwriter.⑸单数可数名词用在as,though引导的倒装让步状语从句中，该名词就转化成抽象名词Girlassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.Childthoughheis,hecanspeakverygoodEnglish.⑹职务，头衔等可数名词作表语或同谓语时Heisprincipalofourschool.presidentoftheUSASheissecretaryofourbranch.professorofphysics⑺单数可数名词用在独立主格结构中，该名词即转化为不可数名词Theteachercameintotheclassroom,bookinhand.Pipeinmouth,hesatdeepinthought.⑻play后的球类运动名词Theyplayball(basketball,volleyball,badminton,tabletennis,waterpolo)everyafternoon.⑼表示时间的名词，用来指天色时，表示抽象概念Nighthadfallenwhenwegotothevillage.Morningisthebesttimeforstudy.⑽固定短语中stepbystep,dayandnight,daybyday,fromdoortodoor,handinhand,shouldertoshoulder,sidebyside,husbandandwife,fatherandson,motheranddaughter,teacherandstudent