Unit2EnglishAroundtheWorld1.nativeadj.本土的,本国的,土生的(+to)ThegiantpandaisnativetoChina.大熊猫是中国特有的动物。ShewasnativetoTaipei.她原籍台北。n.本地人,本国人Areyouanativehere,orjustavisitor?你是本地人,或者只是游客?1.comeup走近,到来;被提出Whileweweretalking,astrangercameuptousandaskedforsomemoney.我们在交谈时,一个陌生人走近我们,向我们要钱。Theproblemcameupatthemeetingyesterday.这个问题昨天在会上被提出来了。comeupvi走近;升起来;被提出(1)Hecameupandsaidhellotous.(2)Wewatchedthesuncomeup.(3)Thequestioncameupatthemeeting.(4)Therosesarejustbeginningtocomeup.拓展:(1)Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?_____(2)Icameacrossmyoldclassmateinthestreet.______(3)Comeon!We’llbelate!________(4)Theauthor’snewbookjustcameout.________(5)Mydreamhasatlastcometrue._______(6)Thedoctorcameupwithacureforthedisease._____(7)LindacameoverfromBritaintoseeus.________走近上升被提出发芽,长出发生偶然遇到快点发表,出版实现想出,发现过来2.base(1)n.___________________Eg:Ourcompany’sbaseisinbeijing.(2)vt.____________________用法:baseAonBA以B为基础AbebasedonBA建于B基础之上Eg:(1)Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopiniononfacts.One’sopinionshouldalwaysbebasedonfacts.(2)----Whatareyoumailing,Linda?-----Atextbook_____anewmethodofteachingphysics.Iwantmyfriendtotakealookatit.A.isbasedonB.basedonC.basingonD.whichbasedupon被动被动基础;基地;根基建于…之上;以…为基础Herconclusionisbasedonscientificresearch.她的结论是建立在科学研究的基础上的。3.latteradj.较后的,后面的,(两者中)后者的Ifindithardtounderstandthelatterpartofhislecture.我发现他的讲座后面部分很难理解。Didhewalkorswimacrosstheriver?Thelatterseemsunlikely.他是趟过河,还是游过河?后者似乎不可能。【辨析】late,later,latter,lately1)late是形容词,表示“迟到的,晚的”。如:Youarelateagain!你又迟到了。2)later可作形容词,是late的比较级,意为“更迟的,更后的”;也可作副词,意为“稍后,随后”,常与on连用。如:Wewilldiscussthisindetaillater.我们将在以后对这一点作详细的探讨。I'lltellyoulater.我以后再告诉你。3)latter最常用的含义是“两者中的(后者)”,常与the连用,固定搭配“theformer…,thelatter…”。如:HereareTomandDavid;thelatterismybrother.这是汤姆和戴维;后者是我的兄弟。4)lately是副词,意为“近来,最近recently”。如:HaveyoubeentoBeijinglately?你最近去过北京吗?【经典例题】Didhegotherebybikeoronfoot?The______seemsunlikely.AlatterBlateClaterDlately【答案】A2.atpresent现在,目前Motherisbusypreparingdinneratpresent.妈妈现在正忙着做饭。Ican’tgetintouchwithhimatpresent.我现在无法和他取得联系。【联想】1)presentn.礼物,现在;2)adj.出席,在场,当前的,现在的present意为“出席,在场’’且作定语时,置于名词、代词之后;意为“当前的”且作定语时,置于名词之前。如:Theyaremakingacarefulstudyofthepresentsituationoftheworld·他们正在仔细研究当前的世界局势。Everyonepresentatthemeetingwasstronglyagainstthedecision·参加会议的每个人都强烈反对这项决定。3)vt.赠送,呈献(with)Theypresentedhimwithabunchofflowers.他们献给他一束鲜花4)presencen.在场,出席Iwassurprisedbythepresenceofsomanypeopleatthemeeting.这么多人出席会议使我感到吃惊。【经典例题】Allthepeople________atthepartywerehissupporters.(2002北京)A.presentB.thankfulC.interestedD.important【答案】Amakeuseof利用【用法】use前可用good,full,poor,little等词修饰。如:Asastudent,youmustmakefulluseofyoursparetime.作为学生,你必须充分利用课余时间。MakegooduseofeverychancetopractisespeakingEnglishandyourspokenEnglishwillbebettersoon.充分利用每一次练习说英语的机会,那么,你的英语口语很快就会变好。makeuseof利用takeadvantageofmakegooduseof__________makefulluseof/makethebestof/makethemostof_______bemadeuseofeg:YoumustmakegooduseofanychancetopractiseEnglish.(2)Theuseyou_______timeisreallypractical.A.makeB.takeC.makeofD.takeof被动同义词被动Anychancemustbemadegooduseoftopractiseenglish.Goodusemustbemadeofanychancetopractiseenglish.好好利用充分利用【经典例题】Everyminutemustbemadefulluseof______spokenEnglish.AtopractiseBpracticingCpracticeDpractised【答案】A【联想】与make有关的短语makefriendswith和…交朋友makefunof取笑makeadecision作出决定makeaface/faces扮鬼脸makeprogressin在…取得进步makeachoicemakeitto……suchas例如,诸如此类,像……这样的Ballgamessuchasbasketballandfootballareveryexciting.球类运动,如篮球和足球,都很激动人心。【辨析】suchas,forexample,thatis1)suchas用于列举同类人或事物中的若干例子,但不能全部列出。如:MrWangisgoodatseveralforeignlanguages,suchasEnglishandFrench.王先生精通好几门外语,比如英语和法语。2)forexample一般只列举几类人或事物中的‘‘一个”,其位置可在句首、句中或句末,经常用逗号分开。如:MrWangisgoodatseveralforeignlanguages,forexample,English.王先生精通好几门外语,比如英语。3)thatis所列举的数量等同于所提人或事物的总数,也需要用逗号隔开,此时不能用suchas或forexample。如:MrWangisgoodattwoforeignlanguages,thatis,EnglishandFrench.王先生精通两门外语,即英语和法语。Onlyoneboystudentwonthefirstprizeinthemathscontest,thatis,Mike.只有一名男生在数学竞赛中获得一等奖,就是迈克。【经典例题】Manyfamoussingers,_____WangFeiandSHE,haveactedinfilms.AsuchBforexampleCthatisDsuchas【答案】D用thatis,suchas,forexample填(1)Heknowsthreelanguages,_______,Chinese,FrenchandEnglish.(2)Whatwouldyoudoifyoumetawildanimal—alion,__________?(3)Thefarmergrowsvariouskindsofcrops,_______wheat,corn,cottonandrice.(4)Mattermaybeinvisible;air,__________,isthiskindofthematter.thatisforexamplesuchasforexample5.playapartin在……中起作用,在……中扮演角色Thecomputerisplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinourdailylife.电脑在我们的日常生活中正起着越来越重要的作用。Shewasunhappybecausesheplayedasmallpartintheplay.她不开心是因为她在戏中扮演一个小角色。【联想】与playapartin意思相同的短语有playarolein。【经典例题】Theneweconomicdevelopmentzonewill_____inthedevelopmentofthearea.AplayaleadingpartBtakepartCplayleadingpartDtakeapart【答案】A6.anumberof…意思是“一些,若干”(=some),后接可数名词复数或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。anumberof…词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等(例如:alarge/smallnumberof…许多/少数……)。【辨析】anumberof,thenumberofthenumberof…意思是“……的数字/数目”,介词of同其后名词构成介词短语,修饰thenumber。当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如:Manypeopletookpartin10,000-metrerace,butonlyanumberofthemkeptonrunningtotheend.许多人参加了10000米跑,但只有一些人坚持跑到底。AnumberofmyfriendsthinkIshouldtakeaholiday.我的一些朋友认为我应该休假。Thenumberofstudentsisabouttwenty.