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:1004-132Ò(2000)11-1215-06:,,,,,:;;;:F27312:A:1999012590,2mm,1mm,30%32mm,1996,,2505575,17002500,41001,,C11C21C22C23C24C31C32C33C34C35C36C37C41C42C431,4,,[1],,;,,2:,,;,,1111,,,,,(pilotprogram)(pro-volumeproduction)(launchtime)[2](full-production),,,,,,5121,,,,;,,,[1],,,,(Deming)[3]---,,,,2xqRvT2[4,5],(SPC),,,,[6],SPC,,70,,,(CMM),80,23()[7],,80,(OCMM),()100%100150,WU[8]100%SPCRoan[9]SPC,,,,,[10],,,,112,,(PCA){zi}{xi},,A,HU[11];WU[12]Maha2lanobis,2,;Roan[13](),,,,,,,,,,61211111200011Ceglarek[14]Isermann[15],,43:(1),;(2);(3),(),[2]18815mm2mmCeglarek[10]PCA()CAD(),CAD,,,,[16],HU,,,,,,,,,,,2113,,,,,,,,WU[17]:,,,-,,Ceglarek[18]NetForm-Pierce(NF&P)NF&P,,,,NF&P,,NF&P,NF&P,,7121,,,,2,Ceglarek[19]6R2mm,(QE)[20]50%(),211,[21],,;,N-2-1[22]3-2-1,;[23],212,,,,Monte2Carlo,,[24],,[25]23Monte2Carlo[26],,(),Takezawa[27],,,,v=f(v1,v2,,vn)(1)(),,[26,28],,(1)v=c1v1+c2v2++cnvn(2),c1,c2,,cn,fc1,c2,,cn2,,;,1,,3,2[29,30],2,,2,;,;,,,,23,,Monte-Carlo,FEM,FEM,,LIU[26],81211111200011,,(mechanisticvaria2tionmodel)2,[31],,[26,28],Ceglarek[19],2,DpDcDp,,;Dc,,,DpDc,,2,32,,,,,,,,,,(),,3:[1]HUSJ.StreamofVariationTheoryforAutomo2tiveBodyAssembly.AnnalsoftheCIRP,1997,46(1):16[2]CeglarekD,SHIJJ.DimensionalVariationReduc2tionforAutomotiveBodyAssembly.Manufactur2ingReview,1995,8(2):139154[3]..:,1992:1724[4]..:,1986:93114[5]..:,1992:6263[6]..:,1991:165183[7]..,1997,8(1):1820[8]WUSM,HUSJ.Impactof100%In-ProcessMeasurementonStatisticalProcessControlinAu2tomobileBodyAssembly.In:Proceedingsofthe1990ASMEWinterAnnualMeetingonMonitor2ingandControlinManufacturing,Dallas,Texas,1990:433448[9]RoanC,HUSJ.MonitoringandClassificationofDimensionalFaultsforAutomotiveBodyAssem2bly.InternationalJournalofFlexibleManufactur2ingSystems,1996,6(2):105125[10]CeglarekD,SHIJ.FixtureFailureDiagnosisforAuto-bodyAssemblyUsingPatternRecogni2tion.TransactionoftheASME,JournalofEngi2neeringforIndustry,1996,118(1):5566[11]HUS,WUSW.IdentifyingRootCauseofVari2ationinAutomobileBodyAssemblyUsingPrin29121cipalComponentAnalysis.Trans.OfNAMRI,1992,20(3):311316[12]WUSK,HUSJ,WUSM.AFaultIdentificationandClassificationSchemeforanAutomobileDoorAssemblyProcess.InternationalJournalofFlexibleManufacturingSystems,1996,6(3):261285[13]RoanC,HUS,WUSM.ComputerAidedIdenti2ficationofRootCauseofVariationinAuto-mo2bileBodyAssembly.In:Proceedingsofthe1993ASMEWinterAnnualMeetingonManufacturingScienceandEngineering,NewOrleans,USA,1993:391400[14]CeglarekD,SHIJ,WUSM.AKnowledge-BasedDiagnosticApproachfortheLaunchoftheAuto-BodyAssemblyProcess.TransactionoftheASME,JournalofEngineeringforIndustry.1997,116(4):491499[15]IsermannR,FreyermuthB.ProcessFaultDiag2nosisProcessModelKnowledge,PartI&II.ASMEJournalofDynamicSystem,Measure2mentandControl,1991,113(4):620633[16]KhanA,CeglarekD,SHIJetal.AnOptimalSensorLocationMethodologyforFixtureFaultDiagnosis.JournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,TransactionsoftheASME,1999,121(1):109117[17]WUSK,HUSJ,WUSM.OptionalDoorFit2tingwithSystematicFixtureAdjustment.Inter2nationalJournalofFlexibleManufacturingSys2tems,1994,6(2):99121[18]CeglarekD.MultivariateanalysisandEvaluationofAdaptiveSheetMetalAssemblySystems.An2nalsoftheCIRP1998,47(1):1722[19]CeglarekD,SHIJ.DesignEvaluationofSheetMetalJointsforDimensionalIntegrity.Transac2tionsoftheASME,JournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1998,120(2):452460[20]EaleyLance.TheMethodsofaQualityMas2ter.AssemblyAutomation1993,13(2):1418[21]MenassaRJ.LocatingPointSynthesisinFixtureDesign.AnnalsoftheCIRP,1989,38(1):165169[22]CAIW,HUSJ,YUANJX.DeformableSheetMetalFixturing:Principles,AlgorithmsandSimulations.TransactionsoftheASME,JournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1996,118(3):318324[23]CAIW,HUSJ,YUANJX.AVariationalMethodofRobustFixturingConfigurationDe2signfor3-DWorkpieces.TransactionsoftheASME,JournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1997,119(5):593601[24]GreenwoodWH,ChaseKW.WorstcaseToler2anceAnalysiswithNonlinearProblem.ASMEJournalofEngineeringforIndustry,1988,110(2):232235[25]GreenwoodWH,ChaseKW.RootSumSquaresToleranceAnalysiswithNonlinearProblem.ASMEJournalofEngineeringforIndustry,1989,112(3):382384[26]LIUSC,HUSJ.VariationSimulationforDe2formableSheetMetalAssembliesUsingFiniteElementMethods.TransactionsoftheASME.1997,119:368374[27]TakezawaN.Animprovedmethodforestablish2ingtheProcessWiseQualityStandard.ReportsofStatisticalandAppliedResearch,UnionofJapaneseScientistsandEngineers(JUSE),1980,27(3):6376[28]LIUSC,HUSJ.ToleranceAnalysisforSheetMetalAssemblies.TransactionsoftheASME,JournalMechanicalDesign,1996,118(1):6266[29]LIUSC,HUSJ.AnOffsetFiniteElementMod2elanditsApplicationsinPredictingSheetMetalAssemblyVariation.Int.J.MachineTools&Manufacturing,1995,35(11):15451557[30]LIUSC,HUSJ.AParametricStudyofJointPerformanceinSheetMetalAssembly.Int.J.MachineTools&Manufacturing,1997,37(6):873884[31]LIUSC,HUSJ.SheetMetalJointConfigura2tionsandTheirVariationCharacteristics.Trans2actionsoftheASMEJournalofManufacturingScienceandEngineering,1998,120(2):461467():,,1964(200030)30,,1957,,194702211111200011Keywords:graycastironheataffectedzone(HAZ)cold