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MythologyClassicalGreekandRomanLecture8-10L••••II.Duringthenineyears'war:3.TheReturns2.TheFallofTroy1.TheWoodenHorseIII.Afterthewar:4.TheDeathofAchilles,andAjaxHector3.TheFightBetweenAchillesandandAgamemnon2.TheQuarrelBetweenAchilles1.TheSacrificeofIphigenenia•••••PartIII:TheTrojanWar•I.Beforethewar:•3.Achilles•2.Odysseus•1.ParisandHelen•••••••PariswasachildofPriamandHecuba.men,tosettlethedispute.theyaskedParis,themosthandsomeofmortalWhenZeusrefusedtojudgebetweenthem,quarrelbegan.believedthattheyhadarighttotakeit,andaThegoddessesHera,Athena,andAphroditeallFairest!ShesentagoldenappleinscribedFortheEriswasoffendedandtriedtostiruptrouble.exceptEris,thegoddessofdiscord.AllthegodsandgoddesseshadbeeninvitedKingofPhthia,andThetis,aseanymph.incidentattheweddingfeastofPeleus,theThefamousTrojanWarresultedfromanI.BeforetheWar••••••evidenceofthedeed'scompletion.HereturnedtoPriambearingadog'stongueasbackpack)torearashisown.abackpack(henceParis'sname,whichmeanstofindthechildstillalive,andbroughthimhomeinReturningafterninedays,Agelauswasastonishedsuckledbyashe-bear.wouldperishthere(cf:Oedipus);hewas,however,theinfant,lefthimexposedonMountIda,hopingheAndAgelaus,alsounabletouseaweaponagainstkillhimbutgavehimtohischiefherdsman,Agelaus.However,whenhewasborn,PriamwasunabletowouldbringthedownfallofTroy.TheseerAesacussaidthedreammeantthechildfire.gavebirthtoaflamingtorchthatsetthecountryonJustbeforehisbirth,hismotherdreamedthatsheParis•••••him,inspiteofHecuba'sdream.acknowledgedhimashisson,andacceptedhadloved,andwenttoTroy,wherePriamParislaterabandonedthenymphOenonehehimandTroyandplannedtorevenge.offendedHeraandAthenaandtheyhatedParisgavetheappletoAphrodite,whichbeautifulwomanintheworld,Helen.greatmilitaryfame;andAphrodite,themostHerapromisedhimgreatpower;Athena,decideinherfavor.Now,eachgoddesstriedtobribehimtoafterhissheep.goddesses,PariswasashepherdlookingWhentheargumentrosebetweenthetheJugmentofParis••••••ParisandHelentheGreeks,exceptAphrodite.NearlyallthegodsandgoddessessidedwithParis.ThemajorTrojanheroeswereHectorandmadeaplanthatfinallyledtoTroy'sdefeat.(UlyssesinLatin),theclevergeneralwhofamousGreekwarrior,andOdysseusTheGreekheroesincludedAchilles,themostbegantoattackTroytogetHelenback.raisedagreatarmyfromallGreece,andMenelausandhisbrother,Agamemnon,WhentheTrojansrefusedtoreturnHelen,helpofAphrodite,theyranawaytoTroy.Theyfellinlovewitheachother,andwiththebeautifulwomanintheworld.ofSparta,whosewifeHelenwasthemostParisthenvisitedthecourtofMenelaus,king•••enmies.forhewouldbethevictimofhisgrandfather'sAndthemeaningofhisnameisTheAngryOneborn.Autolycus,whonamedOdysseusjustafterhewasonAnticleia,daughterofthefamousthiefLeartes,hadbeensecretlybegottenbySisyphusThisOdysseus,thoughpassedasthesonofexpedition.difficultyinpersuadingOdysseustojointheTheyvisitedIthaca,wherehehadthegreatestleadanarmyagainstTroy.brotherAgamemnontoraiseleviesatonceandMenelaushurriedtoMycenae,wherehebeggedhisflyingtoCretewithnewsoftheelopementandWhenParismadeHelenhiswife,HerasentIris2.Odysseus••••expedition.wassaneandOdyssejushadtojointheavoidkillinghisonlysonand,itshowedthatheOdysseushastilyreinedintheassandoxtobeforetheadvancingplough.fromPenelope'sarmsandsethimonthegroundoneofthem,snatchedhisinfantsonTelemachusdistinguishedguests,Palemedes(帕拉墨德斯),Butwhenhepretendednottorecognizehisflingingsaltoverhisshoulder.peasant'scap,ploughingbytheseashore,Hethereforefeignedmadness,wearingathenaloneandpoor.youwillnotreturnuntilthetwentiethyear,andbeenwarnedbyanoracle:IfyougotoTroy,OdysseusmarriedPenelope,andnowhehadOdysseus••••••spotofAchilles.Asaresulttheheelwastheonlyvulnerablethebaby.thewatertouchedtheheelbywhichThetisheldHowever,shewasinterruptedbyPeleusbeforeThiswouldmakehiminvulnerable,likeagod.dippedhimintheRiverStyxintheUnderworld.However,luckily,soonafterhewasborn,Thetisthefatherandson.ButthismadeThetisangryandshedesertedhadnotPeleussnatchedhimfromthefire.andhewouldhaveperishedinthesameway,brothersbyburningawaytheirmortalparts,Thetis,hismotherhaddestroyedhisotherseventhsonofPeleus.takenwithouttheaidofyoungAchilles,theThentheyweretoldthatTroycouldnotbe••3.Achilles•••ArchillesandChironhimtoLycomdes,KingofScyros.Shedisguisedhimasagirl,andentrustedingloriouslifeathome.anddieearly,ortolivealongbutsincehewasfatedeithertogainglorytherereturnfromTroyifhejoinedtheexpedition,Now,Thetisknewthathersonwouldneverpipe-playingandhealing.Chirontaughthimtheartsofwar,hunting,fawn'smarrowtomakehimrunswift.givehimcourageandthehoney-combandboars,andthemarrow(骨髓)ofbears,tohimonthenumbles(内脏)oflionsandwildwhorearedhimonMountPelion,feedingchildtothewiseandkindcentaurChiron,WhenThestisdesertedPeleus,hetookthe•••Myrmidons(蚁人密耳弥冬人)toTroy.ItwasAchilles,whonowpromisedtoleadhisincludedamongthegifts.seizedtheshieldandspearwhichhehadoneofthegirlsstrippedherselftowaistandtosoundoutsidethepalaceand,sureenough,ThenOdysseusorderedasuddenclashofarmsaskedthecourt-ladiestotaketheirchoice.girdles,andembroidereddresses,inthehallandOdysseuslaidapileofgifts,mostofthemjewels,andtheymightneverhavedetected