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TheAttributiveclause1定语从句GrammarUnit4定语从句的定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当形容词的作用在句中作定语。被修饰的词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句的叫关系词.ThegirlwhoisbraveandcleverisMary.e.g.ThegirlisMary.Maryisbraveandclever.HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词:关系副词：who,whom,that,which,whose,aswhere﹑when﹑whyIwillneverforgetthedayswhichwespenttogether.先行词定语从句定语从句引导词关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用关系代词that人/物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语(whose+n.)as人/物主语、宾语、表语Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词)例1.Theman__________gaveyouthetalkyesterdayisourteacher.that/who例2:Theboy_________________thenurseislookingafterismyfriend.例3:Thecar_____________isredwasdamagedyesterday.例4:Thequestion_______________Idon’tunderstandisaboutgrammar.例5.Yesterdayshetalkedwithonewoman____husbanddiedinthataccident.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.that(who/whom/that)(that/which)that/whichBPractice:1.Thegirl________issittinginthechairisasinger.2.Noneofthepeople_____________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.3.Isthistheboy______nameyoutoldmejustnow?4.Whereisthedog_________bittheboy?5.Thecoat__________sheboughttwoyearsagoisold.who/that(which/that)whosewhich/that(that/who/whom)6.Lookatthatlady_______nameisPochi.7.Heisateacher________Ilikeverymuch.8.Thosepictures_________weredrawnbyTomarenice.9.Those_____willgototheparkstayhere.whosewhom/thatwhich/thatwho关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用关系副词When时间时间状语Where地点地点状语why原因原因状语Theuseoftherelativeadverb(关系副词)Where=in等介词+which,When=in等介词+which,why=forwhich1.IwillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoLinyiNo.1MiddleSchool.2.TherewasatimewhenIhatetalkingtoothers.3.Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.4.Wewillvisitthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked.5.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcametothepartyisthathewastoobusystudying.6.Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.1.Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparks_______animalsandplantscanbeprotected.2.Welivedinanage_______moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.3.Nobodyknowsthereason_______shedidn’tattendthemeeting.wherewhenwhy考点二：that和which的选择(1)that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which。①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时，如：a.Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：I’vereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.考点二：that和which的选择③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。Thisisthebestbook(that)I’veeverread.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时。Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.⑤当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用who(whom)和which引导。如：Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools（that）hehadvisited.⑥先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。考点二：that和which的选择Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?⑦当关系代词在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.Which可以引导非限定性定语从句，可用于介词后，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。1Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.that2.Theweatherturnedouttobegood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it考点二：that和which的选择（2）只用which的情况BB考点三：as与which引导的定语从句※对这两个词作如下归纳：1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which.Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatural.Sheseemsascientist,as(=which)infactsheis.Grammarisnotadeadrule,which(=as)Ihavesaidbefore.2、如果从句在主句前，这时要用as而不用which引导定语从句。如：Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthewar.Asweallknow,theearthisround.3.用于thesame…as…,such…as…，as…as…,so…as…中，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.ThisisthesamebookasIlentyouyesterday.4.as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如…”之意，而which没有此意思，从句中的动词常是expect,know,see,think,want,suppose等。Hewonthematch,aswehadexpected.Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.Thepolicewerelookingforhim,ashethought.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift.5.as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如beknown，besaid，bereported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。e.g.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.6.如果从句的内容对主句内容起着消极作用，或者说导致的结果，则用which.a.Hecheatedhisfriendofmachmoney,whichwasverydisgraceful.b.Hecamebacklate,whichmadehismotherworried.考点三：as与which引导的定语从句