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Hesatthere.Hereadanewspaper.Hesatthereandreadanewspaper.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.1.V-ing作伴随状语：Whilecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.2.V-ing作时间状语：相当于时间状语从句,常置于句首,有时为了突出时间,其前可加_____________等连词.when,whileBeingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.3.V-ing作原因状语：常置于句首,一般可转化成由____________引导的原因状语从句。as,becauseWorkinghard,I’llsucceedoneday.IfIworkhard,I’llsucceedoneday.4.V-ing作条件状语：(Though)KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.他怎么还不来呢?5.V-ing作让步状语：Janefelloffthebike,cuttingherleg.Heworkeddayandnight,thusmakinghimselfnear-sighted.6.V-ing作结果状语：Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.Whilecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Workinghard,I’llsucceedoneday.KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.Janefelloffthebike,cuttingherleg.动词-ing作状语•V-ing作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。1.Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.2.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakeinHawaiialready,Ididn'ttakemuchnotice.1.Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.grammardiscovery2.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn'ttakemuchnotice.lookmakeatthesametimeexperiencetakenoticebeforehavingdone:anactionhappensbeforethetimeexpressedbythemainverbWhentheyheardaboutthevolcano,theyrandowntothevillage.Afterthescientistshadstudiedtheinformation,theypredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage.Hearingaboutthevolcano,theyrandowntothevillage.Havingstudiedtheinformation,thescientistspredictedthatthelavawouldflowthroughthevillage.•如果V-ing表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前，则要用V-ing的完成式，即是：Having+P.P(过去分词)…,主语+谓语1.Aftershehadfinishedherwork,shewenthome.2.Aswehaveinvitedhimheretospeak,we’dbettergotohislecture.V-ing形式的完成式Havingfinishedherwork,shewenthome.Havinginvitedhimheretospeak,we’dbettergotohislecture.PracticeCompletethesentenceswiththeperfect–ingformofverb:arrive,give,spend,take,andbuy.1.____________thewrongbus,Tomfoundhimselfinanunfamiliardistrict.2.____________theopinionaboutprotectingtheenvironment,sheleftthemeeting.3.______________thepreciousnecklace,shehadnomoneyleft.4.______________alldayathomewriting,thenovelistwentoutforawalkintheevening.5._____________earlyforhisdate,Markspenttimereadingthenewspaper.HavingtakenHavinggivenHavingboughtHavingspentHavingarrivedRewritethesentencesusingthepresentortheperfect–ingformoftheunderlinedverbs.(page37exercise3)3.Wakingupinthemiddleofthenight,shesawherroomwasasbrightasday.4.Havingstoppedthecar,wefondourselvestrappedinthickfogandcouldn’tseeclearlyahead.5.Havingspentallnightreadingthedocuments,Iwasverytiredthenextday.6.Havingneverseenarainbowbeforeasachild,hewasveryexcited.Inpairscompletethereportusingthecorrect–ingformoftheverbsinbracketsastheadverbial.(page37exercise4)Havingarrivedattheparty,Ifound…….Standing,Isawsomeofmy…….Havingtakenadrink,Ifelt………Havingrestedforawhile,Ifeltbetterand……….Havingheardascream,Irusheddownstairsonlytosee….动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawthegardenwasbeautiful.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking.如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome.Weatherpermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.高中阶段有一些固定的动词-ing形式短语，如generallyspeaking,judgingfrom...,considering...,supposing...等，它们的逻辑主语可以和句子的主语不一致。这种动词-ing短语可当作一个插入语。Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustcomefromHunanprovince.Consideringhowpoorhewas,wedecidedtolethimattendtheconcertforfree.Supposingitrains,whatwillyoudo?主动被动一般式肯定,否定完成式肯定,否定时态V-ing的时态和语态:doingnotdoinghavingdonenothavingdonebeingdonenotbeingdonehavingbeendonenothavingbeendone____________(suffer)fromthewarformanyyears,theIraqipeoplefirstreallyenjoyedthegreatjoyonJuly29th,whentheirteamwonthechampionshipintheAFC2007,________(beat)SaudiArabiawithascoreof1:0.This_________(excite)newshasgreatlycheeredupthepeopleinIraq.Thegreatsuccessisowedtothefantasticplayers._______(be)unitedandoptimistic,theyovercamethedifficultiesalltheway.________________well(train)and___________(make)greateffort,theyrealizedtheirfullpotentialanddidagoodjobinthefinalmatch,thus__________(create)awonderinhistory.HavingsufferedbeatingexcitingBeingHavingbeentrainedhavingmadecreating