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第1页共5页2009年硕士研究生入学考试初试广西民族大学自命题科目试题（试卷代号：A卷）科目代码：825科目名称：写作与翻译适用学科专业：外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：01-03方向命题教师签名：考生须知1．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。2．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答，用其它笔答题不给分。3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭证）。否则，产生的一切后果由考生自负。×××试题册共页第1页第2页共5页第3页共5页PartOneWriting1.Composition(50points)Pleasewriteanessayofabout500wordsonwhatyouthinkisimpliedinthisshortpoemonweaselhairbrush.Createatitleforyourwriting.《狼毫笔》作者/张晓阳一根毫毛只是一根毫毛一撮毫毛一旦肚里有了墨水便能似剑象刀2.Writea150-word-longsummaryofthefollowingpassage.Donotcopysentencesdirectlyfromtheoriginal.Failuretodosowouldincurdeductionofyourscores.(20points)SoThatNobodyHastoGotoSchoolIfTheyDon'tWantbyTobyRogerSipherAdeclineinstandardizedtestscoresisbutthemostrecentindicatorthatAmericaneducationisintrouble.Onereasonforthecrisisisthatpresentmandatory-attendancelawsforcemanytoattendschoolwhohavenowishtobethere.SuchchildrenhavelittledesiretolearnandaresoantagonistictoschoolthatneithertheynormorehighlymotivatedstudentsreceivethequalityeducationthatisthebirthrightofeveryAmerican.Thesolutiontothisproblemissimple:Abolishcompulsory-attendancelawsandallowonlythosewhoarecommittedtogettinganeducationtoattend.Thiswillnotendpubliceducation.Contrarytoconventionalbelief,legislatorsenactedcompulsory-attendancelawstolegalizewhatalreadyexisted.WilliamLandesandLewisSolomon,economists,foundlittleevidencethatmandatory-attendancelawsincreasedthenumberofchildreninschool.Theyfound,too,thatschoolsystemshavenevereffectivelyenforcedsuchlaws,usuallybecauseoftheexpenseinvolved.Thereisnocontradictionbetweentheassertionthatcompulsoryattendancehashadlittleeffectonthenumberofchildrenattendingschoolandtheargumentthatrepealwouldbeapositivesteptoward第4页共5页improvingeducation.Mostparentswantahighschooleducationfortheirchildren.Unfortunately,compulsoryattendancehamperstheabilityofpublicschoolofficialstoenforcelegitimateeducationalanddisciplinarypoliciesandtherebymaketheeducationagoodone.Privateschoolshavenosuchproblem.Theycanfailordismissstudents,knowingsuchstudentscanattendpublicschool.Withoutcompulsoryattendance,publicschoolswouldbefreertoouststudentswhoseacademicorpersonalbehaviorunderminestheeducationalmissionoftheinstitution.Hasnotthenobleexperimentofaformaleducationforeveryonefailed?Whilewepayhomagetothehomily,Youcanleadahorsetowaterbutyoucan'tmakehimdrink,wehavepretendeditisnottrueineducation.Askhighschoolteachersifrecalcitrantstudentslearnanythingofvalue.Askteachersifthesestudentsdoanyhomework.Quitethecontrary,thesestudentsknowtheywillbepassedfromgradetogradeuntiltheyareoldenoughtoquitoruntil,asismorelikely,theyreceiveahighschooldiploma.Atthepointwhenstudentscouldlegallyquit,mostchoosetoremainsincetheyknowtheyarelikelytobeallowedtograduatewhethertheydoacceptableworkornot.Abolitionofarchaicattendancelawswouldproduceenormousbenefits.Forinstance,itwouldalerteveryonethatschoolisaseriousplacewhereonegoestolearn,preventthosestudentsopposedtolearningfrompollutingtheeducationalatmosphereforthosewhowanttolearn,andeliminatethecostofenforcingcompulsoryeducation.Schoolsshouldbeforeducation.Atpresent,theyareonlytangentiallyso.Theyhaveattemptedtoserveanall-encompassingsocialfunction,tryingtobeallthingstoallpeople.Intheprocesstheyhavefailedmiserablyatwhattheywereoriginallyformedtoaccomplish.PartTwoTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese.(40points)PackagingaPersonAperson,likeacommodity,needspackaging.Butgoingtoofarisabsolutelyundesirable.Alittleexaggeration,however,doesnoharmwhenitshowstheperson’suniquequalitiestotheiradvantage.Todisplaypersonalcharminacasualandnaturalway,itisimportantforonetohaveaclearknowledgeofoneself.Amasterpackagerknowshowtointegrateartandnaturewithoutanytracesofemblishment,sothatthepersonsopackagedisnocommoditybutahumanbeing,livelyandlovely.第5页共5页Ayoungperson,especiallyafemale,radiantwithbeautyandfulloflife,hasallthefavorgrantedbyGod.Anyattempttomakeupwouldbeself-defeating.Youth,however,comesandgoesinamomentofdoze.Packagingforthemiddle-agedisprimarilytoconcealthefurrowsploughedbytime.Ifyoustillenjoylife’sexuberanceenoughtoretainself-confidenceandpursuepioneeringwork,youareuniqueinyournaturalqualities,andyourcharmandgracewillremain.Elderlypeoplearebeautifuliftheirriveroflifehasbeenthroughplains,mountainsandjungles,runningitscourseasitshould.Youhavereallylivedyourlifewhichnowarrivesatacomplacentstageofserenityindifferenttofameorweath.Thereisnoneedtoresorttohair-dyeing,thesnowed-cappedmountinisitselfabeautifulsceneoffairyland.Letyourlookschangefromyoungtooldsynchronizingwiththenaturalagingprocesssoastokeepinharmonywithnature,forharmonyitselfisbeauty,whiletheotherwayroundwillonlyendinunpleasantness.2.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.(40points)生存在功利社会，奔波劳顿，勾心斗角，若想做到从心所欲，难矣哉！人自孩提时代起，求学、谋职、恋爱、成家、立业、功名、财富……几乎无时不在追求，而且总也不能满足。当然，事业上的进取与物欲上的贪婪，是两种截然不同的人生观，或可说是两种内涵迥异的苦乐观。但有一点是共同的，即人生的道路并非平坦的康庄大道，事物的发展往往不以人的意志为转移。与其陶醉在“梦想成真”的幻觉中，莫若在实践中多多磨砺自己，有道是“苍天不负有心人”嘛！即或如此，也未必事事天遂人愿。总之，有追求必有烦恼，这就是生活实际。从岗位上退了下来，生活环境与心理状态都发生了变化。老实说，最快慰的事莫过于不再纠缠在人际关系中。可以无须乎观察上峰的脸色行事，再也用不着在同僚的摩擦中周旋，更不必防范别人的暗算，从名缰利索中挣脱开来，精神顿时宽松了。