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3123(1.,650092;2.,650091;3.,650092),,,;;;:S481:C3:(20052008)1,40,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,P2OP2S,,2,,,,[1]:(Pseudomonas)(Baccillus)(Arthrabacter)(Corynobacterium)(Flavobacterium)(Xanthamonus)(Azo2tomonus)(Thiobacillus):(Aspergillus)(Pinicielium)(Trichoderma),(Chorolla)[1]3311,CO2,:4326320066Agriculture&TechnologyVol126No13June.2006,,;,,,,,,,,[2],,:DR-8,[3];,[4]YonezawaY[5],,,;,,;,P2SP2O,()P2N,,,:ADP,3,AtzA,,,;AtzB,,N2;AtzC,N-,CO2NH3[2]Mageong[6]P2SBello2Ramirez[7]P2S[8]P2N1,1[1]P0POO=PNH-NO2CP-CP,,,,,[9]:DR-82,4-NH3,DR-8,,[3][10]DLL-1,DLL-1NO-2NO-3,,[3,4,11]312[9,12]:(1),:(N-)N-P-S-;(2),;(3)Vol126No132006644,,;(4),,,,:,;2[2]4411,,,[3,4,13,14],,,,,[12][4,13],,,,(),,,,[15]412()[1619],,[12];[14][20],-OH-NH2WBC23,Potter[21],2456,,,,,,413,[12,2225]41311,,,pH[26][8]pH,Thomas[23]Donna[17][27],Z-58,,30,pH710,96h;pH45712,4061091041312(),,,,,,[28]0112%,0111%0115%[29],41313,;,,,[15][14],4520066Vol126No13,18%75%,,biaryl[22]RalstoniaPick2ettii,,804-biarylKast2ner[30],,;,,,[9]5,,,,,,:pH,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[31],,,,,,,,[17],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[1],,.Vol126No132006646.,2003,22(12):863-867[2],,..,2004,3:1-10[3],,..,1998,18(3):298-302[4],,..,1999,22(2):42-45[5]YonezawaY,UrushigawaY.Chemico2biologicalinteractionsinbiologicalpurificationsystem.Chemospere,1979,8:139-142.[6]MageongYC,JosephFP.Sererospecificenzymetichydrolysisofphos2phorus2sulfurbondinchiralorgnophosphatetrimesters.Biorganic&Med.Chem.Lett.,1994(2):1473-1478[7]Bello2RamirezAM,Carreon2GarabitoBY,Nava2OcampoAA.Atheo2reticalapproachtothemechanismofbiologicaloxidationoforganophos2phoruspesticide.Toxicology,2000,149:63-68.[8],,..,2000,46(4):471-474[9]..:,1990,234-248[10],,,.DLL-1.,2002,18(3):26-29[11],,..,1994,15(4):84-87[12],,..:,2000,211-230[13],,..,1998,4(1):81-84[14],,,.(PAHs),2001,17(5):73-77[15]..:,1999,279-319[16]DeschnesL,LafranceP,VilleneuveJP,etal.AddingsodiumdodecylsulfateandPsedomonasaeruginosaUG2biosurfactantsinhibitspoly2cyclicaromatichydrocarbonbiodegradationinaweatheredcreosote2contaminatedsoil.Appl.Microbil.Biotechnol.,1996,46:638-646.[17]DonnaC,UlricaS.Cocompostingofcattlemanureandhydrocarboncontaminatedflarepitsoil.CompostScienceandUtilization,2001,9(4):322-335.[18],.(HCH)(DDT).,2000,19(3):141-144[19],,..,2002,21(2):132-138[20],,.WBC-3.,2002,42(2):490-497[21]PotterCL,GlaserJA,ChangLW,etal.Degradationofpolynucleararmotichydrocarbonsunderbench2scalecompostconditions.Environ2mentalScienceandTechnology,1999,33(10):1717-1725.[22]HundtK,WagnerM,BecherD,etal.Effectofselectedenvironmentalfactorsondegradationandmineralizationofbiarylcompoundsbybac2teriumRalstoniapickettiiinsoilandcompost.Chemosphere,1998,36(10):2321-2335.[23]ThomasRAP,MacaskieLE.Theeffectofgrowthconditionsonthebiodegradationofacidminedrainagewatersbyanaturally2occurringmixedmicrobialculture.Appl.Microbil.Biotechnol.,1998,49:202-209.[24]TanNCG,Prenafeta2BoldFX,OpsteegJL,etal.Biodegradationofazohyesincocultureofanaerobicgranularsludgewithaerobicaromaticaminedegradingenrichmentculture.Appl.Microbil.Biotechnol.,1999,51:865-871.[25]ZhangTY,WilliamWM.Isolationandcharacterizationofhtermophilicbacteriacapableofdegradingdehydroabieticacid.Can.J.Microbiol.,1999,45:513-519.[26],,..,1995,22(5):285-288[27],,,..,1996,12(2):22-24[28],..,2000,20(1):95-99[29],,..,1999,17(4):10-13[30]KastnerM,MahroB.Microbialdegradationofpolycyclearomatichy2drocarbonsinsoilsaffectedbytheorganicmatrixofcompost.AppliedMicrobiologyandBiotechnology,1996,44(5):668-675.[31],,..,1996,4(3):28-36AdvancesinMicrobialDegradationofOrganophospatesLIJian2hua1,DONGJin2yan2,SONGHong2chuan33(1.Schooloflifescience,YunnanNormalUniversity,Kunming650092,China;2.KeyLaboratoryforConservationandUtilizationofBioresources,YunnanUniversity,Kunming650091,China;3.ProvincialKeyLabofRuralEnergyEngineering,YunnanNormalUniversity,Kunming650092,China)Abstract:Thispaperreviewedthemicroorganismscapableofdegradingorganophospatesinnature,factorseffectingonmicrobialdegradationoforganophospatesbiogtypes,mechanismandtheresearchprospectofmicrobialdegradationoforganophospates.Keywords:microorganism;organophospates;degradation;enzyme4720066Vol126No13