定语从句

定语从句KarenWang什么叫定语，什么叫定语从句？用来修饰名词和代词的部分叫定语。Karen是个苗条且漂亮的女孩.这是一家小店。这是一家鞋店。Karen有10个朋友。穿着红色衣服的女孩是Karen.Karenisaslimandbeautifulgirl.Thisisasmallshop.Thisisashoeshop.Karenhastenfriends.ThegirlinredisKaren.替代原来单一的词和词组,修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。Tips:如若“的”前有类似动词的词，一般情况下，可用定语从句来翻译，从句跟在名词、代词后面。什么叫定语，什么叫定语从句？ThegirlisKaren.ThegirlistalkingwithGrace.ThegirlisKaren.whoistalkingwithGraceSheisagirlwhoisverybeautiful.Thisistheplacewherewemeteachother.被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词先行词、引导词引导定语从句的词叫引导词缩句、扩句Whichwomanisateacher?Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1.Thewomanisateacher.2.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.先行词关系词定语从句Idon’tknowthegirlwhoisgivingaspeech.IvisitedthecompanythatwasinBeilun.Shehasabookwhosecoverisred.Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.关系词判断步骤:首先，辨别出先行词。先行词指人,关系词可能用who,that,whom,whose先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that然后，确定关系词在从句中的成分。先行词主格宾格所有格人who,thatWho(m),thatwhose物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich最后，确定关系代词的人称和数关系代词关系副词关系副词连接作用，从句部分符合基本句型，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语.when(…的时候，修饰的时间名词)where(…的地方，修饰场所、方位等名词)why(…原因；…理由)例句(1)ThegirlisMary.ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.(who,that指人，在从句中作主语）(2)Themanismyteacher.Themanwhommymothersawinthestreetismyteacher.(whom,who,that指人，在从句中作宾语，可省略)(3)Thebookisinteresting.Thebookwhich/thattellsusabouttheearthisinteresting.(which,that指物，在从句中作主语,不可省略)(4)Thebuilding(which/that)hetalkedaboutiswonderful.(which,that指物，在从句中作宾语，可省略）(5)Shelivesinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.(whose指物，在从句中作windows的定语）(6)ThecompanywillemployapersonwhoseEnglishisgood.(whose在从句中指人，作定语)ps:Whose可指人，也可指物，是所有格，在从句中作定语，指物时可与ofwhich互换,指人时可与ofwhom互换。关系副词定语从句符合基本句型，缺少状语用关系副词。关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间.(on/inwhich)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因.thereasonwhyIsthisthefactory______youvisitedlastyear?Isthisthefactory______youworkedlastyear?Isthisfactory________youvisitedlastyear?Isthisfactory________youworkedlastyear?Thereason____hewaslateis____hemissedthebus.Thereason_____hetoldmeis_____hemissedthebus.Afootballfan(球迷)is_____hasastronginterestinfootball.A.athingthatB.somethingthatC.apersonwhoD.whatCHeoftenhelpsthestudents_____arenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.becauseBTheplace______interestedmemostwastheChildren’sPalace.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.inwhichAWevisitedthefactory_____makestoysforchildren.A.whereB.whichC.inwhichD.atwhichBAchild_____parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoB.who’sC.whoseD.whichCDoyouknowthereasonhedidn’tcome?A.thatB.whichC.forD.whyD①当先行词为all,much,little,few,none,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时a.Allthatcanbedoneisdone.b.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.c.Thereislittle(that)theenemycandobesidessurrender.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:②先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much修饰时：I’vereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:③先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。a.Thisisthefirstcomposition(that)hehaswritteninEnglish.b.It’sthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:④先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast修饰时a.Thatwhitefloweristheonlyone(that)Ireallylike.b.Thisistheverybook(that)Iwanttofind.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:⑤先行词是疑问词who,which,what时，定语从句用that而不用who,(whom)和which引导。a.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?b.Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesnotknowthis?c.Whatthatisonthetablebelongstome?注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:⑥当先行词既有人又有物时，定语从句要用that而不用who、(whom)和which引导。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathehadvisited.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:⑦当关系代词在从句中作表语时：Maryisnolongerthegirl(that)sheusedtobe.Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.注意点：1.that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况中一般不可以用which:Chinaisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_____hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whereBI’lltellyou_____hetoldmelastnight.A.allwhichB.allwhatC.thatallD.allDAlltheapples_____felldownwereeatenbythepigs.A.thatB.thoseC.whichD.whatAIt’sthethirdtime_____latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrivedC_____youknow,heisafamousmusician.A.AsB.whichC.ThatD.／A_____,thecompasswasfirstmadeinChina.A.ItisknowtoallB.ItisknownthatC.WeallknowD.AsisknowntoallDWhichwomanisateacher?Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.1.Thewomanisateacher.2.Thewomanlivesnextdoor.先行词关系词定语从句