75传动系计算-1

54轮式拖拉机设计计算书第1共51页1/25第二部分传动系统计算一、传动系统结构简介与原始参数（一）简介754拖拉机传动路线图如图2-1所示，由下列部分组成：1．离合器：干式双作用常结合2．变速箱：4×（2+1）组成式、啮合套换挡3．制动器：湿式盘式制动器(单片)4．动力输出轴：后置，转速540、1000、r/min图2-12/25（二）计算原始参数。见表2-1原始参数表表2-1发动机参数标定功率NeN(kW)55标定转速neN(r/min)2200标定扭矩MeN(N·m)239.5一对齿轮副传动效率一对圆柱齿轮副n0.98一对圆锥齿轮副n0.97拖拉机使用质量G(N)35000橡胶驱动轮胎规格13.6-38一个轮胎承载能力Gφ(N)12950动力半径rd(m)0.732附着系数φ0.65（三）拖拉机各档传动比、理论行驶速度见表2-1各档传动比与理论速度汇总表表2-1档位参数ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧ倒Ⅰ倒Ⅱ倒Ⅲ倒Ⅳ变速箱传动比12.99.05.43.82.92.11.20.869.36.43.92.7中央传动比444444444444末端传动比5.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.6总传动比28820112285664628192081438760理论速度2.13.05.07.29.213.22231.52.94.27.010.1理论行驶速度计算公式：二、离合器设计计算三、传动系齿轮的设计计算(一)齿轮几何参数计算圆柱齿轮几何参数汇总表见表2-8；圆锥齿轮参数汇总见表2-9(二)齿轮强度计算iinrVdTeN377.03/25hirGMd1）计算载荷的确定确定原则一方面是从发动机传递给传动系的扭矩，另一方面是从驱动轮按附着能力确定的扭矩，选取两者中较小的值作为计算扭矩a）按发动机标定扭矩计算(计算结果见表2-10)计算公式M=MeN·i·n(Nm)式中M——传动系某轴所受的扭矩i——发动机到该轴的传动比(某档时)n——发动机到该轴的传动效率(某档时)b)按附着能力计算结果见表2-10计算公式：(Nm)式中φ——附着系数Gφ——单位承重(N)rd——动力半径(m)i——某档时该轴到驱动轴的传动比h——某档时该轴到驱动轴的传动效率c)各轴上的计算载荷(N.m)，结果见表2-112)齿轮强度计算，结果见表2-12，取表2-10中的小值。圆柱齿轮强度按GB10095-88校核，圆锥齿轮按GB10062-88校核。传动系统圆柱齿轮参数表表2-8项目符号1档2档3档4档倒档主从主从主从主从主中齿数Z17502245303714531436模数m3.53.53.53.53.5齿形角α0.3490.3490.3490.3490.3491中心距a117.25117.25117.25117.2587.5实际中心距a'118.011811811890.78啮合角α'0.3660.3660.3660.3660.438中心距系数y0.2140.2140.2140.2140.937Inv(α)0.01490.01490.01490.01490.0149Inv(α')0.01730.01730.01730.01730.0302反变位系数σ0.00510.00510.00510.00510.118变位系数和XΣ0.2190.2190.2190.2191.055变位系数x0.35-0.1310.220-0.0010.150.0690.600-0.3810.6000.455分度圆直径d59.517577157.5105129.549185.549齿顶高ha4.7073.0254.2533.484.0073.7255.5822.1505.1874.68齿顶圆直径da68.91181.0585.505164.46113.02136.9560.165189.859.373135.364/25齿全高h7.8577.8577.8577.8577.8577.8577.8577.8577.4627.462齿根圆直径de53.2165.369.79148.7497.3121.244.45174.0944.45120.44基圆直径db50.91164.4572.36148.0098.67121.6946.045174.3146.045118.40节圆直径d'59.88176.1277.49158.51105.67130.8349.31186.6950.837130.72齿顶压力角αa0.6240.4320.5620.4510.5090.4770.6990.4070.6830.506Inv(αa)0.0960.0290.0680.0330.0490.0400.1420.0240.1310.048分度圆弧齿厚s6.3895.1656.0585.4965.8805.6747.0264.5287.0266.658齿顶厚sa1.802.802.2122.7082.4572.6070.9952.9011.6322.658重合度ε1.531.531.581.581.6181.6181.421.421.2651.34774卡齿范围中心角αω0.4450.3340.3990.3490.3750.3590.5250.3070.5250.411跨齿数k3635453635测量公法线长ω27.50258.96727.43648.70037.99348.45627.95458.51527.95449.351齿宽b25291817171737311622齿轮转速n2200748220010752200178422005812200856线速度v6.8596.8598.878.8712.0912.095.645.645.645.64项目符号倒挡反向爬行末端中从主从中央行星齿圈中央行星末端齿数Z36383631182672152669模数m3.53.52.54齿形角α0.34910.34910.34910.436中心距a129.5117.25实际中心距a'13011856.583.26啮合角α'0.3590.3660.4160.297中心距系数y0.1430.2140.6-0.4Inv(α)0.01490.01490.0149Inv(α')0.01630.01730.02580.0090反变位系数σ0.00210.00510.0570.0280变位系数和XΣ0.1450.2190.657-0.372变位系数x0.460-0.3510.0500.1690.2070.450-0.1650.2070.119-0.511分度圆直径d126133126108.5456518060104276齿顶高ha5.1032.393.83383.6572.8763.6242.088齿顶圆直径da136.206137.78115.66133.3250.75272.248184.1869.57112.86264.48齿全高h7.8687.8686.59387.865.4835.4835.555齿根圆直径de120.47122.04102.48117.639.7961.28173.07基圆直径db118.40124.98101.48118.4042.2961.08169.15节圆直径d'126.49133.51110.4126.8146.2366.7783.02齿顶压力角αa0.5170.4340.4780.5070.5860.5630.407Inv(αa)0.0520.0300.04040.0400.0780.0680.024分度圆弧齿厚s6.674.705.6255.9294.3044.7453.6275.6725.9344.385/25齿顶厚sa2.2122.8422.6142.4521.6641.4151.726重合度ε1.6381.6381.6191.6191.4221.4222.608卡齿范围中心角αω0.4120.2990.39550.3570.4060.4320.336跨齿数k5454348848测量公法线长ω49.36237.27248.38138.08919.43527.51057.59157.59127.09657.5914齿宽b22232020.5232323524638齿轮转速n22002555581402线速度v5.645.6414.5114.515.1845.184传动系统锥齿轮参数表表2-9位置后中央1前中央1前中央编号2021齿数1040模数7.67.6类型弧齿锥齿齿顶高系数0.840.84顶隙系数0.1850.185外锥距156.678156.678齿全高14.17414.174齿顶高9.4623.306齿根高4.71210.868齿根角1.7233.968分锥角14.036275.9638顶锥角18.004277.6864根锥角12.313671.9958分度圆直径76304刀盘直径12”12”刀号9.59.5中点螺旋角33.14633.146齿宽4646中点分度圆直径冠顶距137.88565.406轴交角9090齿制Gleason精度8C径向变位0.405-0.405切向变位0.25-0.25分度圆弧齿厚6/25分度圆玄齿厚分度圆玄齿高按发动机标定扭矩和按地面附着力计算的各轴扭矩单位Nm表2-10计算零件工况按发动机(Nm)按附着力(Nm)计算零件工况按发动机(Nm)按附着力(Nm)主变速输入轴Ⅰ挡23959Ⅰ挡640158Ⅱ挡23986Ⅱ挡439158Ⅲ挡239143主变速Ⅲ挡265158Ⅳ挡239198Ⅳ挡Ⅴ挡239247Ⅴ挡640659Ⅵ挡239360输出轴Ⅵ挡430659Ⅶ挡239596Ⅶ挡265659Ⅷ挡239858Ⅷ挡184659Ⅰ挡799198Ⅰ挡2662659Ⅱ挡549198Ⅱ挡1828659副变速Ⅲ挡331198副变速Ⅲ挡1104659Ⅳ挡239198Ⅳ挡798659Ⅴ挡Ⅴ挡639659输入轴Ⅵ挡输出轴Ⅵ挡439659Ⅶ挡Ⅶ挡265659Ⅷ挡239858Ⅷ挡888659后半轴Ⅰ挡55941385后驱动轴Ⅰ挡300767445Ⅱ挡38421385Ⅱ挡206547445Ⅲ挡23201385Ⅲ挡124727445Ⅳ挡16771385Ⅳ挡9967445Ⅴ挡13431385Ⅴ挡72197445Ⅵ挡9221385Ⅵ挡49587445Ⅶ挡5571385Ⅶ挡29947445Ⅷ挡3871385Ⅷ挡20817445传动系各轴计算扭矩单位Nm表2-11轴号123456最大扭矩23964023965913857445位置5~8挡5挡8挡1~4挡1~4挡1~4挡限制发动机发动机发动机附着力附着力附着力7/25齿轮强度计算结果表2-12代号1、5挡2、6挡3、7挡反向副变速中央行星主动齿数17223038141015计算扭矩2392392392392396591385挡位567881~41~4限制发动机发动机发动机发动机附着力附着力附着力齿宽26161523314647安全系数接触Sh10.981.041.231.411.020.750.83接触Sh21.001.081.251.381.080.750.90弯曲Sf12.111.912.292.942.651.772.06弯曲Sf21.961.852.272.972.401.272.14PTO低挡PTO高挡接触Sh1接触Sh2弯曲Sf1弯曲Sf2许用Sh0.8~0.85许用Sf1.40注：接触疲劳极限σHm=1650，弯曲疲劳强度σFm=465。四轴及轴承的设计计算（一）各档工作时间占总工作时间的百分比各档工作时间分配系数表2-13ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤⅥⅦⅧ15%10%15%25%5%5%10%15%(二)各档工况下各轴强度校核及轴承寿命1.变速箱一轴1.1受力分析FrFtAyAxByBxAB一轴强度计算表表2-14挡次啮合齿轮计算扭矩计算转速节圆直径啮合角切向力径向力序号Mj(Nm)n(r/min)dp(mm)α()Pt(N)Pr(N)8/25ⅠZ15922001873718ⅡZ38622002137912ⅢZ