八年级下册Unit1-4重点单词1、liev.躺,平躺→(过去式)lay→(过去分词)lain→(现在分词)lying2、meanv.意思是;打算→(过去式)meant→(过去分词)meant→meaningn.意思3、stomachn.胃,腹部→(复数)stomachsn.胃,肚子→stomachachen.胃痛,腹痛4、decisionn.决定,抉择→decidev.决定→(过去式/过去分词)decided→(现在分词)deciding5、ableadj.有能力的→disablev.使丧失能力,使伤残→、disabledadj.丧失能力的,有残疾的6、throwv.扔,掷→(过去式)threw→(过去分词)thrown7、borrowv.借、借用→lend借给,借出→(过去式)lent→(过去分词)lent8、developv.以展,壮大→developmentn.发展,开发→developingadj.发展中的→developedadj.发达的9、fairv.合理的,公正的→(反)unfairadj.不合理的,不公正的→fairnessn.合理性,公正性10、dependv.依靠,依赖→dependentadj.依赖的,不独立的→dependencen依赖、信赖11、independentadj.独立的,自主的→independentlyadv.独立地,自主地→independencen.独立12、twonum.二→secondn.秒adj.第二的;其次的→secondlyadv.第二,其次13、competev.竞争,对抗→competitionn.比赛,竞争→competitorn.比赛者,参赛者14、successn.成功,成功的人(事)→succeedv.成功→successfuladj.成功的→successfullyadv.成功地15、communicatev.交流,沟通→communicationn.交流、沟通→communicatorn.交流者,通信员重点短语1.感冒haveacold2、胃痛haveastomachache3、发烧haveafever4、躺下休息liedownandrest5、量体温takeone'stemperature6、休息takebreaks/takeabreak/havearest.7、使……惊讶的,出于……意料toone'ssurprise8、陷入困境getintotrouble9、习惯做某事beusedtodoingsth.10、冒险takerisks/takearisk11、用尽、耗尽runout(of)12、切除cutoff13、掌握、管理beincontrolof14、放弃giveup15、打扫(或清除)干净cleanup16、(使)应得高兴,振奋起来cheerup17、分发,散发giveout/handout18、想出,提出(主意,计划,回答等)comeupwith19、推迟putoff20、参加……选拨,试用tryout21、修理,装饰fixup22、赠送,捐赠giveaway23、(外貌或行为)像takeafter24、建立,设立setup25、幸亏,多亏thanksto26、洗餐具dothedishes27、及时intime28、作出决定makeadecision/makedecisions29、倒垃圾takeouttherubbish30、频繁,反复,一直allthetime31、尽快;……一就……assoonas32、目的是,为了inorderto33、依靠,依赖,取决于dependon34、照顾,处理takecareof/lookafter/carefor35、快速查看,浏览lookthrough36、重要的事bigdeal37、成功地发展,解决workout38、和睦相处,关系良好getonwith39、删除,删去cutout40、尽本分,尽职责做某事doone'spartindoingsth.41、闲逛,溜达hangout42、允许某人做某事allowsb.todosth.43、与某人打架getintoafightwithsb./haveafightwithsb./fightwithsb.44、生某人的气beangrywithsb/bemadatsb.45、和某交流、沟通communicatewithsb.46、和某人竞争competewithsb.47、扔下throwdown48、依我看来inmyopinion49、介意某人做某事mindsb./one’sdoingsth.50、拒绝做某事refusetodosth.1、你怎么了?What'sthematterwithyou?/What'swrongwithyou?/What’sthetroublewithyou?2、我感觉不舒服。Idon'tfeelwell.3、但让他感到惊讶的是,他们都同意跟他一起去Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.4、你的帮助让我拥有Lucky成为可能。YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.5、去年的一天,我的一个朋友帮助我解决了困难Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout.6、Mario喜欢动物并且想成为一名兽医。Mariolovesanimalsandwantstobeananimaldoctor.7、Lucky对我的生活产生了很大影响Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.8、他想出的主意实施的很顺利,取得了好的效果。Theideasthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.9、请你把垃圾拿出去,好吗?Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?9、请你把垃圾拿出去,好吗?Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?10、我一坐到电视机前面,妈妈就走了过来。MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV.11、我和你一样累I'mjustastiredasyouare.12、我认为孩子学会如何做家务、帮助父母做家务活是很重要的Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.13、我父母不允许我和朋友们闲逛。Myparentsdon'tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.14、你为什么不坐下来和你哥哥谈一下呢?Whydon'tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?15、你害怕在人前讲话。Youareafraidofspeakinginfrontofpeople.16、医生们说压力太大对孩子的发展不利。Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild'sdevelopment.17、我可以搭便车吗?CouldIgetaride?精彩段落Maryisabooklover.Shecouldreadby1herself(she)attheageoffour.Lastyear,shedecided2totry(try)outforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.Shestillworksthere3once(one)aworktohelpkidslearnto4read(read).“Thekidsare5sitting(sit)inthelibrary.Butyoucanseeintheireyesthatthey'regoing6onadifferentjourney7witheachnewbook.8Volunteering(volunteer)hereisadreamcometrueforme.Icando9whatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthe10sametime.考点聚焦考点一—What'sthematter?怎么啦?—Ihaveacold.我感冒了。【考点精讲】◆What'sthematter?意为“怎么啦?”,该句通常用来询问出了什么状况,遇到什么困难、烦恼等。类似的表达还有:What'sthetrouble?或What'swrong?如果表示“某人(物)怎么了?”,我们要在这几种形式后加上withsb./sth.。eg:—What'sthetrouble/matterwithyou?=What'swrongwithyou?你怎么了?—Ihaveastomachache.我胃疼。◆“have+a+症状名词”表示具有某种“病症、症状”,有“患……(病)”的意思,其中的不定冠词a不可省略。eg:Ihaveaheadacheandacough.我头疼而且咳嗽。【练一练】1.—____C____?—IhaveaheadacheandIdon'tfeellikeeatinganything.A.HowareyouB.WhatcanIdoforyouC.What'sthematterwithyouD.Howdoyoulikeit2.—Tony,what's__B__matterwithyou?—Ihave______toothache.A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;/3.—What'sthematter?—Ihavea__C__.Ihavetogotothedoctor.A.headB.toothC.coldD.nose考点二Aronranoutofwaterafterthreedays.三天后,艾伦把水用完了。【考点精讲】【辨析】runoutof,runout◆runoutof是三个词组成的动词短语,作及物动词用,后接宾语,表示“用完(useup)”的主动含义,主语通常是人。eg:Heranoutofgasamilefromhome.=Heusedupgasamilefromhome.他在离家还有一英里的地方把汽油用完了。◆runout是“动词+副词”结构的不及物动词短语,表示“被用完了(beusedup)”的被动含义,其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。eg:Foodsupplieshadrunouttowardstheendofthetrip.=Foodsupplieshadbeenuseduptowardstheendofthetrip.在旅行快结束时,食物已经吃完了。拓展:runoutof还有“从(某处)流出(跑出)”的意思;runout也有“流出,跑出”的意思,但其后不能接宾语。如:Heranoutoftheroom.他跑出了房间。【练一练】1.Somepeoplewastetoomuchwater.Theydon'tbelievethatitcan__B__someday.A.keepoutB.runoutC.berunoutD.runoutof2.我们已用完了所有的水。Wehavealreadyrunoutofallthewater.3.墨水用完了。Theinkhasrunout.考点三Alotofoldpeoplearelonely.许多老年人都很孤独。【考点精讲】【辨析】alone/lonely◆alone意为“独自;单独”,侧重说明(身体上的)独自一人,没有助手或同伴,没有感情色彩,只表示客观的状态。◆lonely意为“孤独的;寂寞的”,除了指出与其他人隔离这一事实之外,还强调渴望伴侣的那种孤独寂寞的感情。作定语时,还可意为“荒凉的;偏僻的”,多修饰表示物的名词。eg:Sometimeshefeelsquitelonelybecausehehasnofriends.有时候他感到非常孤独,因为他没有朋友。【练一练】1.Hisgrandparentslive__B__in