虚拟语气1

虚拟语气TheSubjunctiveMood1.英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.与现在事实相反2.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.与过去事实相反3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldputoffthemeeting.4.Ifshecameheretomorrow,shemighttelluswhathashappenedtoher.5.Ifweweretohavethreedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.与将来事实相反一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来did（were）haddoneWould/could/should/might+doWould/could/should/might+have+done1.did(were)2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+do考题点击：1.Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__methen.A.hadbeen,wouldhavehelpedB.hadbeen,wouldhelpC.were,wouldhelpD.were,wouldhavehelp3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,ask二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.Wish的宾语从句现在：过去：未来：过去时（were）过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+V.should★IwishI（be）agreatscientistnow★IwishI（see）thefilmyesterday.★Iwishshe（come）ontimetomorrow.werehadseenwouldcome2.Wouldrather(that)sb现在：过去：未来：1）我宁愿你现在就来这里。Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldmethatthingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时(haddone)Iwouldratheryoucameherenow.2）我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我那件事3.asif/though+Clause现在：过去：过去时过去完成时2）Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.1）Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.4.It’s(about/high)time+that---should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1）宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。虚拟语气TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsellThefatherinsistedhisdaughter________arichman.A.wouldbeengagedtoB.beengagedtoC.shouldengagedtoD.mustbeengagedto注：insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气insist表示“坚决要求”时,用虚拟形式（should+do）;Heinsistedthatallofus（should）bethereontimebyanymeans.insist表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用陈述语气,表示事实。Heinsistedthathewasright.suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass.suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill.以上动词相应的名词：order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样都要用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。13.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents___twoweekstopreparefortheexam.A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven6.Without，otherwise和butfor（要不是）等表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气1）Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.2）Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.3）Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.7.ifonly意为：要是...那该多好啊;真希望...;由其引起的感叹句，谓语动词的形式与if虚拟条件句相同。现在：过去（were）过去：过去完成将来：would/could/…+vLookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI________youradvice.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow8.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that---Clause从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(should)masteraforeignlanguage.It’snecessarythatwehard.shouldstudy9.某些简单句的固定句型：常见的表示祝愿的句子中，谓语动词常使用：1）动词原型2）may+动词原型Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.错综时间条件句是指从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。此时，需要按时间来确定虚拟形式。（1）从句指过去，而主句指现在从句：had+过去分词主句：would/could+动词原形Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.（2）从句指现在，而主句指过去从句：过去式（be用were)主句：would/could+have+P.P.Ifheknewher,hewouldhavetalkedwithher.2.假设条件虚拟倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。1）IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.2）IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.3）Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe___inturn,you___sotired.(NMET1996)A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegotHowIwisheveryfamily___alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad---DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?---____Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot.B.I’dratheryoudidn’t.C.Goahead.D.Whynot?虚拟语气1.Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottakeB.shouldn’thavetakenC.didn’ttakeD.hadn’ttakenExercises虚拟语气3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone虚拟语气5.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget6.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been7.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent