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报警管理/信息安全技术的发展与标准美国PAS公司北京赛普泰克技术有限公司创建于1993•提供用于安全生产的HumanReliabilitySoftware™（人员可靠性软件）•广泛应用于全球电力、石油天然气和加工行业•可持续和可盈利增长业务策略•灵感源于领域专业知识的创新技术•战略性客户关系•关键使命性的软件解决方案•20%的年度研发再投资思想领导力与战略合作关系•报警管理和HPHMI人机界面手册•AICHE、NPRA、EPRI、ISA、EEMUA191、OSHA•Honeywell、英维思、Intergraph、NovaTech和区域性合作伙伴赛普泰克(中国)关于PAS我们的全球分布-本地支持©PAS-机密和专有信息2012|2北美洲休斯顿，美国北美洲多伦多，安大略省欧洲英国，法国中东沙特阿拉伯，巴林，卡塔尔非洲沙索堡，南非亚洲新加坡澳洲布里斯班，珀斯我们的客户石油天然气、精炼、石油化工产品、化学制品、电力采矿©PAS-机密和专有信息2012|3•329个从事能源、电力、化学制品和采矿等领域的顶级客户•885处厂址,6,187项软件许可•28,000位用户（估算）•中国:康菲,扬巴,南京赛拉尼斯,扬子,镇海,齐鲁,云天化,BP珠海等PAS–解决方案©PAS-ConfidentialandProprietary2012|4ICS信息安全•IndustrialControlSystemSecuritySolution•CyberInventory•ChangeControl自动化资产管理•ConfigurationManagement•ManagementofChange•ProjectIntegrity操作管理•HighPerformanceHMI•AlarmManagement•BoundaryManagement•ControlLoopPerformanceManagementPAS与报警管理技术•1995全球第一个报警管理项目•1998全球第一家发布报警管理软件•创始成员ISA18.2(报警管理)•报警管理手册(ISA出版社)–WinnerofRaymondD.MalloryAwardforbestsellingISAPublication•Co-AuthorofElectricPowerResearchInstitute(EPRI)Guidelineonalarmmanagement•MemberofAPI-RP-11167–AlarmManagementforPipelines•EEMUAIndustryReviewGroupforEEMUA191©PAS-ConfidentialandProprietary2012|5ChineseEdition–August‘14报警管理技术的发展©PAS,Inc.2014ProprietaryandConfidentialInformationHowdidwegethere?DCS报警问题的由来?AnalogPanelBoard•Asingle,fixedandcontiguousboard•At-a-glanceviewoftheentireprocess•Earlypatternrecognitionofprocessupsets•Directandquickaccesstocontrols•50-to-150alarmsperboardCRT-BasedConsole•4-6screensand50-100displays•“Key-hole”viewoftheprocess•Posteventrecognitionofprocessupsets•Multiplekeystrokestoaccesscontrols•2,000-to-4,000alarmsperconsole“Therearemorethingstoalarmusthantoharmus,andwesuffermoreofteninapprehensionthanreality.”LuciusAnnaeusSenecaAlarmsPerOperatorPosition0500100015002000250030003500400019601970198019902000Configured•AlarmEventsAlarmsPerDay0100020003000400050006000-8Weeks-RecordedMax.Manageable(300)Acceptable(150)Thousandsofalarmsthatmustbescreened/dropped/ignoredbytheoperatorNotasafeordesirablesituationOperatorAlarmHandlingCapacity报警泛滥带来的问题?工业事故案例TexacoMilfordHaven–OnJuly24th,1994,atremendousexplosionoccurredattheTexacoRefineryinMilfordHaven,Wales–Asevereelectricalstormearlymorningcausedasystemupset–Anexplosionoccurred5hourslaterduringacomplexre-start–26injuriesresultedfromthisexplosion–HSECitedAlarmOverloadasacontributingcause–Over275alarmsinthelasthourbeforeexplosionBPTexasCity–March23,2005,aseriesofexplosionsoccurredduringtherestartofahydrocarbonisomerizationunit–15peoplekilled,170injured–Alarms&HMIwerecitedbyOSHAasacontributingfactor–Over130alarmsinthelasthourbeforeexplosion–See:001/25/20030:101/25/20030:201/25/20030:301/25/20030:401/25/20030:501/25/20031:001/25/20031:101/25/20031:201/25/20031:301/25/20031:401/25/20031:501/25/20032:001/25/20032:101/25/20032:201/25/20032:301/25/20032:401/25/20032:501/25/20033:001/25/20033:101/25/20033:201/25/20033:301/25/20033:401/25/20033:501/25/20034:001/25/20034:101/25/20034:201/25/20034:301/25/20034:401/25/20034:501/25/20035:00Alarms\OperatorChanges02468101214Production(M#/Hr)OperatorChangesAlarmsProductionrates•Alarms237•OprChgs35•Production1211/25/03,03:00HrsInthiscase,thealarmsystemwasworthlesswhentheoperatorwasprovidingthemostvaluetotheprocess!工业事故案例报警管理报警管理相关的文件与标准11标准是什么?•“Standard”isaspecialword.•Astandardisanauthoritativedocument,developedinaccordancewithastrictANSImethodology,embodyingsuchprinciplesasbalanceofinterestsandconsensus,andincorporatingastringentreviewanddocumentationprocess.•StandardsaredevelopedbysuchorganizationsasISA,ASME,IEC,etc.thatfollowthisprocess.OrganizationslikeEEMUAandtheASMConsortiumdonot,andthedocumentstheyproducearenotstandards.12报警管理相关指南/标准文档–制定历程13YA-711PrinciplesforAlarmSystemDesign1994NA102GermanyRev.2008TexacoMilfordHaven1998EEMUA1911stEdition2nd:20073rd:20132003200620092001WorkBeginsonISA-18.2ISA-18.2Issued!20101stED.2ndED.20082008ElectricPowerGuidelinesIssuedCo-authoredbyPAS2009ASMAlarmBookIssued20142015IEC62682Begins2010ExpectedtoPublish3Q-4QISA-18.2ExpectedRe-IssueRP-1167©PAS-ConfidentialandProprietary2013|14ISA18.2–设置报警的标准•Thedefinitionofanalarmis:–Anaudibleand/orvisiblemeansofindicatingtotheoperatoranequipmentmalfunction,processdeviation,orabnormalconditionrequiringaresponse•Alarmsystemsshouldbereservedforitemsmeetingthisdefinition•Thereisoftenconfusioninalarmterminology–ISA18.2containsexcellentdefinitionsoftermstoprovideacommonlanguagefordiscussionofalarmsystemarcanaIfitdoesn’tcallforanoperatorresponse,thenitisn’tanalarm!ISA18.2生命周期管理•Philosophy•Identification•Rationalization•DetailedDesign•Implementation•Operation•Maintenance•Monitoring/Assessment•ManagementofChange•AuditMonitoring&AssessmentPhilosophyAuditRationalizationIdentificationDetailedDesignImplementationMaintenanceOperationManagementofChangeDCEAAAAAAAAJBGHFIThisisa“requirementsanddocumentstructure,”notastep-by-stepprojectplan.ISA18.2–强制的标准要求•AnAlarmPhilosophywith:–Definedresponsibilities–Criteriafordeterminingandclassifyingalarms–Basisforalarmprioritizatio