高中英语写作,高考必备,写作方法

WritinggoodsentencesTask1:Thesearesomesentenceswrittenbystudents.Findproblems.Everyoneknowsthatgetearlyisgoodtothemselves.Thenewweekisstart.IfsomethingIlikeandIcanaffordit.Ibuyitinstantly.ContinuedthreedaysIgotuplate.moreandmorelazy.Idon’tlikeChangchun.Especiallythetraffichere.Noreasontobelazy.Nextyearshouldhaveanewbeginning.Theyallcomefromdifferentcountry.goingtogether.Likeaninternationalmeeting.TypesofsentencesSentence&clauseSentence:agroupofwordsthatexpressesacompletethought.Asentenceismadeupofatleastoneclause.Clause:twoparts—asubjectandapredicate(verb).Independentclause(mainclause)—canstandbyitselfasasentence.Subordinateclause(dependentclause)TypeofsentencessimplesentencesIenjoyplayingfootballwithmyfriendseveryweekend.Ienjoyplayingfootballandlookforwardtoiteveryweekend.compoundsentencesIenjoyplayingfootball,butIhateplayingvolleyball.Ienjoyplayingfootball;however,Ihateplayingvolleyball.Ienjoyplayingfootball;Ihateplayingvolleyball.Typeofsentencescomplexsentencese.g.AlthoughIenjoyplayingfootball,Ihateplayingvolleyball.IhateplayingfootballalthoughIenjoyplayingfootball.compound-complexsentencese.g.Ihateplayingvolleyball,butIenjoyplayingfootballalthoughIamnotverygoodatit.ProblemsinwritingsimplesentencesFragments:Afragmentisapieceofsentence,notacompletesentence.Task2:Whichofthefollowingitemsarecompletesentences,andwhicharefragments?Suchascolaandsodawater.What’sthematter?Riverpollutedbychemicals.Linguistics,thestudyoflanguage.Economyplaysanimportantroleinoursociety.Writingaletterhomeeveryweek.Frightenedbythebigdog.Thechildbegantocry.Mr.Smith,afriend,iscomingtovisitusnextweek.ProblemsinwritingsimplesentencesOver-stuffedsimplesentences—Asentencemusthaveunity.(i.e.Alltheelementsofasentencemustberelatedtoeachother,andtogethertheymustexpressthefullmeaningofanidea.)Sometimes,intherushoffree-writing,weover-staffasentencewithunconnectedelements.Example:LikeotherroomsinDorm8,ourroomhasalight-yellowwoodendooroppositetothewindow,adark-redwoodenbookshelfononesideofthedoor,alight-yellowluggage-shelfontheother,twopurpleironbunkbedsalongeachsideoftheroom,fourorangewoodendesksandeightwoodenstoolsofthesamecolorstandinginthemiddle,twofluorescentlampshangingabovethem.ProblemsinwritingsimplesentencesTask3:Rewritetheabovesentence.LikeotherroomsinDorm8,ourroomhasalight-yellowwoodendooroppositetothewindow.Ononesideofthedoorisadark-redwoodenbookshelf;ontheotherisalight-yellowluggage-shelf.Alongeachsideoftheroomaretwopurpleironbunkbeds.Betweenthebedsstandfourorangewoodendesksandeightwoodenstoolsofthesamecolorinthemiddleoftheroom.Abovethemhangtwofluorescentlamps.WritingeffectivesentencesUnityUnityisthefirstqualityofaneffectivesentence.Aunifiedsentenceexpressesasinglecompletethought.Itdoesnotcontainideasthatarenotcloselyrelated,nordoesitexpressathoughtthatisnotcompletebyitself.Forexample:Faulty:BorninasmalltowninSouthChinaintheearly50s,hegrewuptobeafamousmusician.Revised:HewasborninasmalltowninSouthChinaintheearly50s.Inhischildhoodhelikedtosingsongs.Laterheenteredaconservatory.Inthe70shebecameafamousmusician.UnityTask4:Identifytheproblemswiththefollowingsentence.Shespeaksandwalksveryquicklyandsmilesfrequently.CoherenceCoherencemeansclearandreasonableconnectionbetweenparts.Asentenceiscoherentwhenitswordsorpartsareproperlyconnectedandtheirrelationshipsunmistakablyclear.Coherence:FaultyparallelstructureParallelideashadbetterbeexpressedinparallelconstructions,whichgiveemphasis,clarityandcoherencetoasentence.Lookatthefollowingfaultysentences.1.Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.2.Wethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andaverycapableyoungwoman.3.Wehavegreatfaithandhighhopesforher.Coherence:AmbiguousreferenceLookatthefollowingfaultysentences.Shetoldmysisterthatshewaswrong.Hewasknockeddownbyabicycle,butitwasnotserious.I’mgoingtothelectureonmodernChinesedrama,becauseheisadramatistIlike.Coherence:DanglingmodifierThemodifierisnotgrammaticallyrelatedtothenounorpronounitisintendedtomodify.Lookatthefollowingfaultysentences.Lookingoutofthewindow,thegrasslandstretchesasfarastheeyecanreach.Onenteringtheclassroom,thestudentsstoodupandsaid,“Goodmorning!”Togetreadyforthetrip,allthethingssheneededwereputintoasuitcase.Coherence:MisplacedmodifierLookatthefollowingfaultysentences.Ireadaninterestingstoryinamagazineaboutsportsmen.Sheboughtseveralpicturebooksandputthemintoherbag,whichsheintendedtogivetoherchildren.Theideahementionedatfirstsoundedgood.Hegaveareasonfornotattendingthemeeting,whichnobodybelieved.Coherence:Confusingshiftinperson,number,mood,andvoiceLookatthefollowingfaultysentences.Animportantthingforthestudentstorememberisthatwhenwritingapaper,youshouldnotplagiarize.ThosewhowishtotakeLinguisticsareexpectedtosignhisnameonthissheetofpaper.Studentsshouldlearntoanalyzeandsolveproblemsindependently.Don’trelyonyourteachers’help.Shereviewedthelessontaughtlastweekandalltheexercisesassignedbytheteacherweredone.ConcisenessAsentenceshouldcontainnounnecessarywords.Iftheideaisfullyexpressed,thefewerwordsa