12-宾语从句 状语从句-1

宾语从句十二、句子种类（一）1.用法：用来做宾语的从句叫宾语从句.Shesaysthatheisherson.主语谓语宾语2.宾语从句的顺序:陈述句语序主句+连接词+从主+从谓+其余成分a.用that做连接词--当从句是一个陈述句.Eg:Shesays.Heisherson.---Shesays(that)heisherson.主句连接词从句概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句（句子）叫做宾语从句.如：Ithinkheisfunny.讲解：Heisfunny.是个完整的句子，它做Ithink的宾语，所以它被叫着宾语从句。请看另一个句子:Ilikeapplesandpears.讲解：虽然applesandpears做Ilike的宾语，但它们不是句子，所以它不是宾语从句。请说说下列各句，哪个是宾语从句(T)，哪个不是(F)。Ihavesomephotos.()2.Hesaidhewassorry.()3.Wethinkwecanhelphim.()4.Theyreadbooks.()FTTF宾语从句的三种类型:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.请说说下列句子各属哪种类型的宾语从句：1、Hesaidtheywouldhelpus.2、Wearetalkingaboutifwecanfinishitontime.3、IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.4、IamsureIwillpasstheexam.5、Weallexpectthattheywillwin。动词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句动词的宾语从句对于宾语从句我们应重点掌握的三个知识点：1、引导词guideword宾语从句常用的引导词有：从属连词、连接代词A：宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether其中，that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,通常可省略。Hetoldmethathewouldgotothecollege.而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusatthistime.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.2、时态tense3、语序wordorder虽然if与whether都有“是否”的意思，但它们的用法还是有区别的。请选择if或whether填空．1.Let’sknow______youcancomeornot.2._______itistrueornot,Ican’ttell.3.Idon’tknow_______toacceptorrefuse.4.Iworryabout_______Ihurtherfeelings．whetherWhetherwhetherwhether讲解：If与whether都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下可以通用，但下面几种情况只能用whether，而不能用if1.与or或ornot连用2.当宾语从句提到句首时3.与带to的不定式连用4.放在介词的后面B：连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever等.Doyouknowwhohaswonthegame?Canyoutellmewhathesaidjustnow?Wewonderedhowhecouldgetthere.Doyourememberwhyhewaslate?宾语从句的时态主句为一般现在时宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态影响，其所用时态应视具体情况而定.如:Ithinkheisright.（从句用了_________）Iknowhewaslateforschool.（从句用了_________）Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.（从句用了_________）IthinktheywerewatchingTVatthattime.(从句用了_________）一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去进行时当主句为一般过去时，从句要用过去时的某种形式A：一般过去时B：过去进行时C：过去完成时D：过去将来时IthoughtTomwaslateforschoolyesterday.从句用了_________Iknewhewasstudyingatthattime.从句用了_________Hetoldmethathehadfinishedhishomework.从句用了__________Heaskedifhecouldgotherebyplane.从句用了___________一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时当从句表达的是客观真理或自然规律时，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时：1.Theteachertoldusthattheearthisround.2.Hesaidthatspringcomesafterwinter.宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序。1.Heaskedif___helphim.A,youcouldB,couldyou2.Canyoutellmewhere__?A,thebusisB,isthebus3.Doyouknowwhere__savemoney?A,IcanB,canI4.Doyourememberwhen____held?A,wasthemeetingB,themeetingwasAAAB请选择正确答案:1.Doyouknowwhere___?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalis2.Canyoutellmewhen___?A.willthebusarriveB.thebuswillarrive3.Doyouknow___?A.whathisnameisB.whatishisnameBBA陈述句语序的结构是：sb/sth+be+…sb/sth+情态动词+…sb/sth+助动词+…请判断下列哪个是陈述句的语序，哪个是疑问句的语序．1.whereishe()2.whotheyare()3.whatheis()4.whichroomhelives()5.whyisshelate()6.doesitrain()7.howdoyougo()8.whattimeitis()问陈陈陈问问问陈千万注意：当前sb或sth前有be动词或情态动词或助动词时，则该语序为疑问句的语序！Exercises:1,Thegirlasks.Wheredoeshelive?2,Nobodyknows.Willitraintomorrow?3,Doyouknow?Doeshehaveasonornot?4,Canyoutellme?Whosebookisit?----Thegirlaskswherehelives.----Nobodyknowsifitwillraintomorrow.--Doyouknowwhetherhehasasonornot?---Canyoutellmewhosebookitis?直奔中考：1.Wedon’tknow_____ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.A.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere2.Couldyoutellmewhere_____yesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent3.Excuseme,doyouknow?I'msorry.Iamnewhere.A.whereisthenearestbusstationB.wherethenearestbusstationisC.wherethenearestbusstationwasCDB1.Canyouhear_______justnow?A.whatdidhesayB.whathesaysC.whathesaidD.hesaidwhat2.Ifollowedthealientoseewhere_____.A.wasitgoingB.itwasgoingC.itgoesD.diditgo3.Didyouknowthesun___biggerthantheearthwhenyou___young?A.was,wereB.is,wereC.are,wasD.was,areCBB•4.We___thinkthey____beatusinthesportsmeet.We’resuretowin.•A./,won’tB./,will•C.don’t,won’tD.don’t,will•5.Iknow____hewilltellyouthestory.•A.ifB.thatC.assoonasD.until•6.Doyouremember______atthattime?•A.whattheyaredoing•B.theyweredoingwhat•C.whatweretheydoing•D.whattheyweredoingDBD十二、句子种类（二）状语从句在复合句中，作状语成分的从句叫状语从句。常见的状语从句可分为：时间、原因、条件、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句1、主将从现类①、用法：在时间和条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在时表将来。②、标志词：assoonas,when,if,until,unless,aslongas,before,after等如：Youwillfallbehindyourclassmatesunlessyouworkharder.PleasecallmeassoonasyoureachBeijing.Youmayborrowthebookaslongasyoureturnitontime.1.Ifhe___time,he___ustomorrow.A.has,willjoinB.willhave,willjoinC,has,join2.Ifit___tomorrow,they‘llgoswimming.A.rainsB.won’trainC.doesn’trainD.willrain3.We__theGreatWallifit___finenextweek.A.willvisit,isB.willvisit,willbeC.willvisit,be4.Mybrother___toEnglandassoonashe___hisexam.A.willgo,finishB.willgo,finishesC.goes,willfinishD.goes,finishesACAB•5.I___homebeforeyourparents___back.•A.willgo,comeB.go,willcomeC.go,come•6.Myfather__backuntilhefinisheshisworknextmonth•A.willgoB.won’tgoC.goesD.go•7.WhenI___thebook,I___itforyou.•A.see,buyB.willsee,buyC.see,willbuyABC