Chapter14TranslationofCulture-loadedExpressionsTeachingaims(教学目的)1.Tocultivatestudents’competenceinnoveltranslation.2.Tohelpstudentsselecttheappropriatestrategyintranslation.Teachingrequirements(教学要求)1.Studentscanapplythetranslationmethodsaboutidioms.2.StudentscanexpresscorrectlyinChineseandEnglish.Teachingmethods(教学方法)1.Studentsandteachercooperativelyaccomplishthetranslationtask.2.Peerwork,groupworkisrequiredindiscussionandpractice.Contents1.ForeignizingTranslation(异化)2.DomesticatingTranslation(归化)3.ThreeDon’tsinTranslatingEnglishIdioms(习语翻译中的“三不要”)4.ProperUseofChineseIdioms,proverbsandsayingsinTranslation(翻译中正确使用汉语习语)5.TranslationPractice.1.ForeignizingTranslation(异化法)•Foreigninzing:retainingtheculturalflavorsofthesourcelanguageandenablesthereadertohaveanalienreadingexperience,anddevelopingthereader’sawarenessofculturaldifferencesinthetargetlanguage.•armedtotheteeth•武装到牙齿/全副武装•Crocodiletears鳄鱼的眼泪/猫哭老鼠•Beautyliesinthelover’seyes•情人眼里出美人/西施•Inthecountryoftheblind,theone-eyedmanisKing.•肓人国里,独眼人称王/蜀中无大将,廖化充先锋/山中无老虎,猴子称霸王•Achilles’sheel•(来自希腊神话)阿基利斯致命的脚后跟;致命的弱点•Asgay(cheerful)asalark•像云雀一样快活(兴高采烈)•Sourgrape•酸葡萄(来自《伊索寓言》)把得不到的东西说成是不好的,聊以自慰•例如:teachapigtoplayonaflute•教猪吹笛(对牛弹琴/做荒唐或不可能的事)•Adarkhorse黑马•ablacksheep害群之马•cantheleopardchangehisspots?•花豹岂能改变身上的花斑(本性难移)•Lookforaneedleinahaystack•干草堆里找针(大海捞针)•Astick-and-carrotpolicy•大棒加胡萝卜政策•JohnisherofficeRomeo•约翰是他办公室里的罗密欧式的痴情男子。•Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim.(谚语)•不要教鱼儿游泳(不要班门弄斧)•Whokeepscompanywiththewolfwilllearntohowl.•(染于苍则苍,染于黄则黄)(近朱者赤,近墨者黑)2.Domesticatingtranslation•Domesticatingtranslationminimizestheforeignessofthesource-languagetextbychangingthealienelementsintowhatisfamiliartothetarget-languagereader.ItseemshasbeendominantinChina.E.g.•Asstupidasagoose蠢得像猪•putthecartbeforethehorse•前后颠倒,本末倒置•kickthebucket翘辫子,死•havesomethingatone’sfingers’ends•胸有成竹,对某事了如指掌•Killthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs•毁掉摇钱树,杀鸡取卵•Neitherfishnorfowl•不伦不类,非驴非马•talkhorse•吹牛,说大话•Asdumbasanoyster•守口如瓶,沉默不语•astimidasarabbit•胆小如鼠•leavenostoneunturned.想方设法,千方百计中外文学作品中文化信息的翻译•1.《红楼梦》•2.《简·爱》《红楼梦》TheStoryoftheStoneDreamoftheRedMansion译句赏析:•1.盛宴必散(《红楼梦第13回》)•Yang’sversion:Eventhegrandestfeastmusthaveanend.•Hawkes’version:Eventhebestpartymusthaveanend.•2.周瑞家的听了笑道:“阿弥陀佛,真坑死人的事儿!等十年未必都这样巧的呢。(第七回)”•Yang’sversion:“GraciousBuddha!”Mrs.Chouchuckled.“Howterriblychancy!“Youmightwaitfortenyearswithoutsucharunofluck.”•Hawkes’version:“Godblessmysoul!”ZhouRui’swifeexclaimed.“Youwouldcertainlyneedsomepatience!”“why,youmightwaittenyearsbeforegettingallthosethingsatthepropertimes!”•3.那薛老大也是“吃着碗里看着锅里的。(第16回)•Yang’sversion:HxedPanisanotherofthosegreedy-gutswhokeep“Oneeyeonthebowlandtheotheronthepan”.•Hawkes’version:YouknowwhatcousinXueislike:always“oneeyeonthedishandtheotheronthesaucepan”.•4.寻春问腊到蓬莱(第50回)•Yang’sversion:HegoestotheFairyIslesinsearchofspring,askingaboon.(仙人岛)•Hawkes’version:InquestofspringIspedtoElysium(极乐世界,至福之境)4.ThreeDon’tsinTranslatingEnglishIdioms(习语翻译中的“三不要”)•(1)Don’ttakeidiomstooliterally(不要望文生义•(2)不要混淆习语的不同含义•(3)不要把英语习语译成具有鲜明文化特色或浓厚地方色彩的汉语习语。5.四字词、成语、谚语等翻译运用•JaneEyreTwoChineseversionsby黄源深宋兆霖Idiom:习语成语:setphrase,idiom,allusions,phrase俗语:sayings;谚语:proverb俚语:slang•1.特殊句子表现译本的不同•(1)Bluntlydisregardedherwishes,notinfrequentlytoreandspoiledhersilkattire;andhewasstill:“herowndarling.”•黄译:尽管他蛮横地与母亲作对,经常撕毁她的丝绸衣服,却依然是“她的宝贝蛋”•宋译:对她的话全然不听,不止一次撕破和弄坏她的绸衣服,可他仍然是她的“心肝宝贝”。•(2)Mrs.Reedsoonralliedherspirits;sheshookmemostsoundly,sheboxedbothmyears,andthenleftmewithoutaword.(P23)•黄译:里德太太很快便振作起来,狠命推搡我,扇我耳光,随后二话没说扔下我就走。•宋译:里德太太很快就回过神来,她抓住我死命摇晃着,左右开弓狠打我的耳光,然后一句话没说就走了。•(3)MissEyre?Don’ttroubleyourselftoanswer---Iseeyoulaughrarely;butyoucanlaughverymerrily;•黄译:爱小姐?你不必费心来回答了----到知道你难得一笑。可是你可以笑得很欢。•宋译:爱小姐?你不必费神来回答了----我看得出你很少笑。但是你能笑得很开心。•(4)Mrs.Reedwasblindanddeafonthesubject:sheneversawhimstrikeorheardhimabuseme.•黄译:里德夫人则装聋作哑,儿子打我骂我,她熟视无睹。•宋译:里德太太对此则完全装聋作哑,她从来看不见他打我,也从来听不见他骂我。习语•(1)Herbeauty,herpinkcheeks,andgoldencurls,seemedtogivedelighttoallwholookedather,andtopurchaseindemnityforeveryfault.P9•黄译:她的美貌,红润的面颊,色的头发,使得她人见人爱,一俊便可遮百丑.•宋译:她的美貌,她红红的双颊和金色的卷发,似乎让每个见了她的人都有喜欢,都能因此原谅她的每一个缺点。•(2)Thisstateofthingsshouldhavebeentomeaparadiseofpeace,accustomedasIwastoalifeofceaselessreprimandandthanklessfagging;•黄译:对我来说,过惯了那种成天挨骂,吃力不讨好的日子后,这光景就好比是平静的乐园•宋译:我一向过惯了老是挨骂和费力不讨好的日子,眼前的这种情况,对我来说,本该是个宁静的天堂了。•(3)MissSmithsentmetositinaquietcorneroftheschoolroom,withdirectiontohemthesame.Atthathourmostoftheothersweresewinglikewise.•黄译:让我坐在教室僻静的角落,根据指令依样画葫芦缝上滚边。•宋译;要我坐在教室安静的角落去给布沿边时。•(4)Ialleged:“thatIhaveawakenedoutofgloriousdreams,andfoundthemallvoidandvain,isahorrorIcouldbearandmaster.”•黄译:我断言,“我从一场美梦中醒来,发现全是竹篮打水一场空,这种恐惧我既能忍受,也能克服。”•宋译:我辨解到,“从那些最美好的迷梦中醒来,发现一切都是虚空和徒劳。•(5)“SheisaFairfax,orwedtoone;andbloodissaidtobethickerthanwater.”•黄译:“她是费尔法克斯家的,或是嫁给了家族中的一位,据说血浓于水。”•宋译:“她毕竟是费尔法克斯家的人,至少是嫁过一个这家的人。据说自家人总比外人亲嘛。”•(6)“Meantime,youforgetessentialpointsinpursuingtrifles;youdonotinquirewhyMr.Briggssoughtafteryou---whathewantedwithyou.”•黄译:“同时,你捡了芝麻忘了西瓜,没有问问布里格斯先生为什么在找到你----他找你干什么。”•宋译:“而且,你只顾追问这种小事,却把最要紧的事给忘了。你也不问一问布里格斯先生为什么要找你-----他找你要干什么?”Summaryforcul