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学号:题目：院（部）系所学专业年级、班级完成人姓名指导教师姓名专业技术职称年月日论文原创性保证书我保证所提交的论文都是自己独立完成，如有抄袭、剽窃、雷同等现象，愿承担相应后果，接受学校的处理。专业：班级：签名：年月日泰山医学院本科毕业设计摘要本设计重点描述了甲醇合成工艺流程。甲醇是重要的化工原料和燃料，应用于多个领域。首先简单地介绍了甲醇的生产发展、甲醇合成的反应热力学和动力学、甲醇反应需要的催化剂、甲醇合成工艺和甲醇的发展前景。其中，甲醇合成催化剂和工艺选择关系着甲醇合成产量。中低压、铜基催化剂的条件有利于甲醇合成。紧接着介绍了甲醇合成工艺。甲醇合成首先要进行造气。造气选用煤作原料，得到的粗煤气经脱硫、脱碳等净化操作后进入合成塔合成甲醇。甲醇合成工艺选择Luigi低压合成，合成气于5MPa、220℃下进入Luigi管壳式反应器。从合成塔得到的粗甲醇必须要进行精馏。本设计需要将原料粗甲醇精制到含醇量99.95%的纯度。根据现代对甲醇精馏工艺设计的了解，甲醇三塔精馏技术以其能耗低、产品质量好的优点领先于其他工艺。所以本设计采用三塔精馏工艺。再接着对甲醇的生产合成和精馏过程进行了详细的物料衡算。最后进行了常压精馏塔的计算，包括设备选型、塔的外形设计以及塔板流体力学验算。通过本次设计，对合成甲醇以及提纯甲醇有更深刻的认识。关键词：甲醇；合成；工艺设计；三塔精馏；常压塔泰山医学院本科毕业设计AbstractThisdesignformethanolsynthesisprocessesweredescribedemphatically.Methanolisanimportantchemicalrawmaterialandfuel,isappliedtothefields.Firstsimplyintroducesthemethanolproductiondevelopment,thereactionthermodynamicsandkineticsofmethanolsynthesis,methanolreactionrequiresacatalyst,methanolsynthesisprocessandthedevelopmentprospectsofmethanol.Methanolsynthesiscatalystandprocessselectionisoneoftherelationshipbetweentheyieldofmethanolsynthesis.Inconditionsoflowpressure,copperbasecatalystformethanolsynthesis.Followedbymethanolsynthesisprocesswasintroduced.Gasificationmethanolsynthesisshouldfirst.Gasificationcoalasrawmaterials,therawcoalgasafterdesulfurizationanddecarbonizationpurificationoperationintothesynthesisofmethanolsynthesistower.ChooseLuigilow-pressuresynthesismethanolsynthesisprocess,synthesisgasin5mpa,220℃underintoLuigitubularreactor.Fromthecrudemethanolsynthesistowerhastobedistillation.Thisdesignneedtobematerialcrudemethanolrefiningtothealcoholcontentof99.95%purity.Accordingtothemodernunderstandingofthemethanoldistillationprocessdesign,methanoltowerdistillationtechnologyforitslowenergyconsumption,productqualitygoodadvantageaheadofothertechnology.SothisdesignUSESthreetowerdistillationprocess.We'llgoonwiththeproductionofmethanolsynthesisandmaterialbalanceofdistillationprocessindetail.Finally,thecalculationofatmosphericdistillationcolumnwascarriedout,includingequipmenttypeselection,designofthetowerandtrayhydrodynamicscalculation.Throughthedesign,formethanolsynthesisandpurificationofmethanolhasamoreprofoundunderstanding.Keywords：methanol；synthetic;processdesign;threetowerdistillation;atmosphericcolumn泰山医学院本科毕业设计目录第一章前言.................................................................11.概述..................................................................11.1生产及技术发展...................................................12.甲醇合成..............................................................22.1合成反应热力学...................................................22.2合成反应动力学...................................................32.3合成反应催化剂...................................................32.4合成工艺.........................................................42.5合成甲醇的目的和意义.............................................5第二章工艺概述.............................................................61.造气工段..............................................................61.1原料.............................................................61.2原料气的制备.....................................................71.3工艺概述.........................................................71.4净化工段.........................................................82.合成工段..............................................................83.精馏工段..............................................................9第三章工艺计算............................................................121.甲醇生产的物料平衡计算...............................................121.1合成塔物料平衡计算..............................................121.2甲醇精馏的物料平衡计算..........................................15第四章常压精馏塔计算......................................................181.基础数据..............................................................182.塔板数的计算.........................................................192.1处理能力........................................................192.2最小理论板数....................................................192.3最小回流比......................................................202.4理论板数........................................................202.5进料位置........................................................202.6全塔效率的估算..................................................203.精馏段与提馏段的体积流量.............................................213.1精馏段..........................................................213.2提馏段..........................................................234.塔径计算.............................................................244.1精馏段..........................................................244.2提馏段..........................................................255.塔内件设计...........................................................265.1溢流堰的设计....................................................265.2溢流装置........................................................265.3塔板布置及浮阀数目与排列........................................276.塔板流体力学验算.....................................................296.1塔板压降........................................................296.2液泛...............