杭州师范大学本科生毕业设计(论文)正文基于STM32四旋翼飞行控制器设计第1页共7页本科生毕业论文正文(2016届)论文题目基于STM32的四旋翼飞行控制器设计学生姓名刘恩岗学号2012810431专业电子信息工程切入式软件方向班级电子1203指导教师懂利达职称副教授杭州国际服务工程学院教学部杭州师范大学本科生毕业设计(论文)正文基于STM32四旋翼飞行控制器设计第2页共7页基于STM32的四旋翼飞行控制器设计摘要随着时代的发展,多旋翼飞行器越来越被广泛的应用在军事、民用、以及科学研究等多个领域,同时其本身也向着高效、多功能化方面发展。四旋翼飞行器也称为四旋翼直升机又叫四轴飞行器,是一种有4个螺旋桨且螺旋桨呈十字形交叉的飞行器,可以搭配微型相机录制空中视频。四旋翼直升机,国外又称Quadrotor,Four-rotor,4rotorshelicopter,X4-flyer等等,是一种具有四个螺旋桨的飞行器并且四个螺旋桨呈十字形交叉结构,相对的四旋翼具有相同的旋转方向,分两组,两组的旋转方向不同。与传统的直升机不同,四旋翼直升机只能通过改变螺旋桨的速度来实现各种动作(目前,也出现可以改变螺距的四旋翼飞行器,这种控制方式比改变电机转速更灵活方便)。1907年,法国Breguet兄弟制造了第一架四旋翼式直升机,这次飞行中没有用到任何旋翼式直升机,这次飞行中没有用到任何的控制,所以飞行稳定性是很差。1921年,GeorgeDeBothezat在美国俄亥俄州西南部城市代顿的美国空军部建造了另一架大型的四旋翼直升机先后进行了一架大型的四旋翼直升机,先后进行了100多次的飞行试验但是仍然无法很好的控制其飞行,并且没有达到美国空军标准。1924年,出现了一种叫做Oemichen的四旋翼直升机,直升机首次实现了1km的垂直飞行。1956年,Convertawing造了一架四旋翼直升机,该飞行器的螺旋桨在直径上超过了19英尺,用到了两个发动机,并且通过改变每个螺旋桨提供的推力了来控制飞行器。在此之后的数十年中,四旋翼垂直起降机没有什么大的进展。近十几年来,随着微系统、传感器以及控制理论等技术的发展四旋翼垂直起降机制理论等技术的发展,四旋翼垂直起降机又引起人们极大的兴趣。研究集中在小型或微型四旋翼飞行器的结构、飞行控制以及能源动力等方面。本文采用固定机翼式四轴飞行器,主要采用PID技术调节和无刷直流电机驱动技术,初步研究设计飞行器的整体结构和飞行姿态,采用GPS技术导航增加飞行器姿态稳定性。本研究采用STM32主芯片作为飞行器的整体控制系统。飞行姿态均有地面站图像处理然后采用无线传输技术调整飞行器飞行姿态。杭州师范大学本科生毕业设计(论文)正文基于STM32四旋翼飞行控制器设计第3页共7页关键字:四旋翼飞行器,四轴飞行器,四旋翼直升机,GPS,STM32,PIDDESIGNOFFOUTROTORFLINGHTCONTROLLERBASEDONSTM32ABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofthetimes,moreandmorerotoraircraftiswidelyusedinmilitary,civil,andscientificresearchandotherfields,anditisalsofacingthedevelopmentofefficient,multi-functional.Thefourrotoraircraft,alsoknownasthefourrotorhelicopterisalsocalledthefouraxisaircraft,isakindof4propellerandthepropellerisacrossoftencrossaircraft,youcanmatchthemicrocameratorecordaerialvideo.Thefourrotorhelicopter,alsoknownasQuadrotor,Four-rotor.4rotorshelicopter,X4-flyer,andsoon,isakindofwithfourpropelleraircraftandfourpropellersiscruciformcrossstructure,relativetothefourrotorwiththesamerotatingdirection,dividedintotwogroups,therotationdirectionofthetwogroupsofdifferent.Unlikeconventionalhelicopters,quadrotorhelicopteronlythroughchangingthespeedofthepropellerstoachieveavarietyofactions(atpresent,alsocanchangethepitchquadrotor,controlledthiswaythantochangethemotorspeedmoreflexibleandconvenient).In1907,theFrenchBreguetbrothersmadethefirstoffourrotorhelicopter,theflightdidnotuseanyrotorhelicopter,theflightdidnotuseanycontrol,sotheflightstabilityisverypoor.In1921,GeorgedeBothezatinOhiosouthwestofthecityofDaytonDepartmentoftheairforcebuiltonalargefourrotorhelicopterhasconductedalargefourrotorhelicopter,hascarriedoutmorethan100timestheflighttestbutisstillnotagoodcontroloftheflight,anddidnotreachthestandardoftheUnitedStatesAirForce.In1924,therewasafourrotorhelicoptercalledOemichen,thefirsthelicoptertoachievethe1kmverticalflight.In1956,Convertawingmadeaframeoffourrotorhelicopter,theaircraft'spropellerindiameteroverthe19feet,usedtwoengines,andbychangingeachpropellerthrustthetocontrolaircraft.Inthedecadesafterthis,thefourrotorverticallandingaircraftnomajorprogress.Inthelasttenyears,withthedevelopmentofthetechnologyofmicrosystem,sensorandcontroltheory,thedevelopmentofthefourrotorverticaltakeoffandlandingmechanismtheoryandother杭州师范大学本科生毕业设计(论文)正文基于STM32四旋翼飞行控制器设计第4页共7页technologies,thefourrotorverticaltakeoffandlandingmachinehasarousedgreatinterest.Thestudyfocusesonthestructure,flightcontrol,andenergydynamicsofsmallandmicrofourrotoraircraft.Thefixedwingtypefouraxisaircraft,mainlyadoptsPIDregulationandnobrushDCmotordrivetechnology,preliminarystudyonthedesignoftheaircraftandtheoverallstructureoftheflightattitude,increasethestabilityoftheaircraftattitudeintheGPSnavigationtechnology.ThisstudyadoptsSTM32asthemainchipofintegratedcontrolsystemforvehicle.Theflightattitudehasthegroundstationimageprocessingandthenusesthewirelesstransmissiontechnologytoadjusttheflightattitudeoftheaircraft.Keywords:fourrotoraircraft,fouraxisaircraft,fourrotorhelicopter,GPS,STM32,PID杭州师范大学本科生毕业设计(论文)正文基于STM32四旋翼飞行控制器设计第5页共7页目录第一章绪论.............................................................................................................................61.1引言................................................................................................................................61.2四旋翼飞行其发展史....................................................................................................61.3四旋翼飞行器的发展前景............................................................................................7第二章四旋翼飞行基础控制原理.......................................................................................102.1飞行动力原理..............................................................................................................102.2姿态分析......................................................................................................................102.3动力学原理..................................................................................................................132.4选材..............................................................................................................................14第二章四旋翼飞行器硬件............................................