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英语第43讲完形填空(二)完形填空。(2014，丽水)Itbeganayearago，aroundChristmas.EverytimeIdrovedownourstreet，I__1__anoldmansittinginhisfrontyard.Hewasusuallysmokingordrinking，andlookingratherunhappy.Oneday，whileIwasdrivingpasthimwithmy__2__，Idecidedtowaveathimwithalotofexcitement.__3__，whenhenoticedmewavingathim，helookedabitshocked.Then，Isawhishandgoupandhewavedback.“__4__didyouwaveathim？”mydaughterasked.Itoldherit'sjustanactofkindnessthatdoesn't__5__anything.Itgivesbothhimandmeafeelingofjoy.Mydaughterrepliedthatshefeltabituncomfortabletowavetoa__6__，butnexttimeshewouldtryitaswell.Welivedclosetotheoldman，__7__wesawhimratheroften.Wheneverwedroveby，bothofuswouldstartwavingathimand，prettysoon，theoldmanstarted__8__ateveryonewhopassedbyhishouse.Onetime，mydaughter'sfriendcametovisitandshetoldmydaughterthatshesawthisstrangeoldmannearourhomewaveathervery__9__．Shementionedthatshewavedback，althoughshedidn'tknow__10__，anditfeltreallygood.Assoonasmydaughterheardthis，shetoldherfriendthe__11__ofhowallthewavingbegan.Herfriendanswered：“Tellyourmomthat'sreallycool！”Otherfriendsgavesimilar__12__．Thistaughtmydaughterthatanactofkindnesscanbenaturaland__13__，ifyoureallywanttodoit.Itshowedushowgivinghappinesscandogoodto__14__thegiverandthereceiver.Movedbytheoldman'sactions，we'replanningtogiveourwavingneighborathankyoucardtoexpressour__15__forhisexcitingwaves.Wearereallythankfulforhimsharinghissimplejoywithallwhopassbyhishouse.(A)1.A.noticedB．feltC．heardD．kept(C)2.A.husbandB．sonC．daughterD．friend(D)3.A.JustnowB．OntimeC．IntheendD．Atthebeginning(A)4.A.WhyB．HowC．WhenD．Where(B)5.A.buyB．costC．hideD．guess(D)6.A.friendB．driverC．classmateD．stranger(C)7.A.orB．butC．soD．yet(B)8.A.shoutingB．wavingC．laughingD．looking(B)9.A.angrilyB．excitedlyC．loudlyD．carefully(A)10.A.himB．meC．herD．us(D)11.A.lessonB．accidentC．newsD．story(C)12.A.giftsB．notesC．opinionsD．books(A)13.A.easyB．funnyC．usualD．special(D)14.A.pastB．betweenC．allD．both(B)15.A.attentionsB．thanksC．suggestionsD．interests(5)熟练语法、固定搭配轻松解题对语法、固定搭配等基础知识的考查也是完形填空的命题角度之一。对于这种题，考生除了要注意平时的积累外，还要针对语法结构、句式特点、短文设空中需填的词在句中作什么成分、哪类词适合、应采取什么形式等进行分析，从而解决问题。【例5】_A_theageofnine，Iaskedforjobsinsmallradiostations.(2014，天津，44)A．AtB．InC．WithD．For点拨：固定短语“attheageof(在……岁时)。”5．...，herfamilygotinto__B__becauseofaterribleaccident.(2014，泸州，12)A．busB．troubleC．nothingD．surprise(6)多方推断寻求线索完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意义的短文，其段与段、句与句、甚至词与词之间都有不可分割的、千丝万缕的联系。因此考生在做题时不要只注意设空处所在的短句子或段落，还要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息。考生可利用正向推断法、逆向推断法和正逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息，当然这儿所指的信息包括设空处近处或远处的信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无法准确推断下文未知信息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。在有些情况下，空格处未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，也不能单独由下文反向推断而出，而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生应认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。①正向推断法【例6】Therearemanyproblemsbetweenparentsandtheirchildren....manyofthemevenarguewitheachother.IfIamaparent，howwillI_B_mychild？(2014，成都，52)A．givelessonsB．getalongwithC．talkto点拨：由前文“父母孩子之间存在许多问题。……甚至互相争吵”说明父母孩子相处不融洽，推断：作为父母，该怎样与孩子相处呢？6．Oneday，IheardanAmericanboysaytoaChinesegirlstudent，“YouspeakverygoodEnglish.”Butthegirlanswered，“No，no.MyEnglishisverypoor.”Theforeginerwasquite__B__attheanswer.(2014，南充，36)A．excitedB．surprisedC．relaxedD．frightened②逆向推断法【例7】Perhapssomemaysaythatthesearenot_C_things.That'sright.Butsuchalittlethingshows...(2014，河北，54)A．littleB．goodC．greatD．bad点拨：由后面的转折说法“这么小的事情表明……”可以递推“或许有人会说这些是小事，即不是伟大的壮举”。7．Oneday，two__A__werewalkingalongtheroadtoschoolwhentheysaw...“Weareallgoingtothetown，”saidtheboys.(2014，河北，46)A．boysB．girlsC．menD．women③正逆向联合法【例8】“Ihavebeengoingthroughahardtimerecently…”“I'mgladthatIcouldhelp，”shereplied.“Whyareyouso_C_？”“Well，mymumhaslostherjob，andI'mnotsurewhattodo…”A．dirtyB．busyC．sadD．lazy点拨：根据上文“我最近正处于困难期”和下文“我妈妈失业了”，推知此处就是“伤心的”。8．Ivisitedmylocalanimalhospitallastweekendandgotsomeadvicetoshareabouthowwecanmakeourhomes__B_forourpets.Followtheadviceandyoucankeepyourpetssafe.A．warmB．safeC．cleanD．beautiful(7)复读全文检验答案把填充后的短文反复阅读一两遍，逐一检查、校对所选答案是否符合短文中心及上下文要求，并确保没有不符合语言规范、不符合语法规则的选项。很多同学做完形填空题存在一个误区，把很多的时间放到四个选项的比较上，这会降低解题效率。正确做法应是：①顺藤摸瓜，首先是藤，你拿到文章之后要重点读第一句。②瞻前顾后，在文章空格的上下文处，你觉得这个地方需要什么词，带着这个目的在四个选项里找。③顾全大局，做一道题时应该在段落里面理解一句话。④认清细节，比如考固定搭配的题。总之要想成功突破完形填空必须做到：研读首尾，抓主题；上下联系，寻信息；左顾右盼，找搭配；思前想后，觅逻辑；语境分析，辨词义；回读检查，补漏洞。(一)(2014，嘉兴)Oneday，thestudentsofClass6werereadingintheclassroom.MrsBrowncameinandtoldthewholeclassthattheywouldhavetochange__1__inMarch.Thenaughtiestclassinthegradecouldnot__2__it.Thepupilsalldisagreedwiththedecision，sotheyshoutedwhenMrsBrownsaiditwasbecauseanewpupilwouldbe__3__theclass.Theclasswasindisorder.“Whymustwemovetoanotherclassroomjustbecausesomeonenewiscoming？”oneofthemasked__4__．MrsBrownwaitedpatientlybeforetheclasswithoutsayinganything.Thestudentssawitandtheybecamequiet.MrsBrowntoldthemtobe__5__totheirnewclassmateandthensheleft.Thefollowingweek，theclassunderstood__6__．Theprincipalhimselfbroughtthenewstudenttotheirclass.__7__，MrWhitepushedthenewstudenttotheclassbecausethestudentwasinawheelchair.MrWhite__8__thenewstudentasJeffandaskedthemtobefriendlytohim.HesaidthatJeffnowwasa