73状语从句讲解

从句类型：Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappilyAfterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.ItwasraininghardwhenIgottoschoolyesterday.时间状语从句常用的连词：when,whenever,will,as,before,after,until,till,bythetime,assoonas,hardly…when,nosooner…than,themoment,immediately,directly,instantly注意点比较while,when,as时间状语从句：themoment时间状语从句：directly比较until和not…until表示一…就…的结构比较while,when,as1）as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3）从句表示随时间推移连词能用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏When:表示时间点，还可以表原因，译作“既然”。还可以翻译成突然While：表示时间段，还可以用来表示对比翻译成“而”。While放在句首要翻译成“尽管”引导让步状语从句。时间状语从句：themoment有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句theminute,themoment,everytime,thefirsttimeThemomenthereachedthecountry,hestartedhissearch.他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。EverytimeIsawthestrawhat,itremindedmeofthetourImadeyearsbefore.每当我看到那顶草帽，它就使我想起几年前的那次旅游IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.我第一次见到她就觉得她诚实而友善。时间状语从句：directly等有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句：Directlythemastercamein,everyonewasquiet.校长一进来，大家就安静下来。Theyoungladyrushedintotheroomimmediate-lysheheardthenoise.那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。until和not…until的区别1.Until要与延续性动词连用。2.not…until要与非延续性动词连用1.Until句子翻译成动作直到…时候才结束。2.Not…until句子要翻译成动作直到…时候才开始。Isleptuntil12o’clock.我睡觉睡到12点。Wedidn’tgetdowntoworkinguntilMsZhangcamein.我们直到张老师进来才开始认真的工作。表示一…就…的结构hardly/scarcely…when/before,nosooner…than和assoonas都可以表示一…就…的意思，例：Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain地点状语从句常常由where来引导。Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.原因状语从句连接词because,since,as,nowthat（既然），for注意点：比较：because,since,as和for1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。④Youcangoswimmingonconditionthat(=if)youdon’tgotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.①Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.②Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.③SofarasIknow（据我所知）,hewillbeawayforthreemonths.⑤Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher.条件状语从从句连词If,unless,once,aslongas,onconditionthat①Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.②ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.③Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.目的状语从句连接词so,sothat（从句谓语常有情态动词）,inorderthat,incase（以防，以免）forfearthatShewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.结果状语从句连接词sothat（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,so…that,such…that•比较：so和such•其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。•such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，•so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。•so还可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much,little连用，•形成固定搭配。•sofoolishsuchafool•soniceaflowersuchaniceflower•somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers•somuch/littlemoney.suchrapidprogress•somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople•（somany已成固定搭配，alotof虽相当于many，•但alotof为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）比较状语从句连接词：Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.than,so(as)…as,themore…themoreYoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.as,asif(though),theway,ratherthan方式状语从句的连接词Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot=Childasheis,heknowsalot.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.让步状语从句的连接词although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whether…or,nomatterwho(when,what,…)让步状语从句(1)though,although注意：当有though,although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet，stillnevertheless（仍然，不过）可连用Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill，heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.=Thoughhetrieshard,heneverseems…虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。as,though引导的倒装句让步状语从句(3)3)everif,eventhough.即使We'llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.4)whether…or-不管……都Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.让步状语从句(4)5)nomatter+疑问词或疑问词+后缀everNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替换：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however注意：nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。状语从句的省略1.当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可省略状语从句的主语和be动词。e.g.Asayoungman,Lincolnwasastorekeeperandapostmaster.hewas2.当从句的主语是it，谓语动词是be动词时，可以把it和be一起省略。此时构成“连词（if，unless，when，whenever）+形容词”的结构。Thoughcold，hestillworeashirt.itwas3.If=so/not省略句式中，用so/not代替上文的内容。Getupearlytomorrow.Ifnot(=Ifyoudon’tgetupearly),youwillmissthefirstnote.