国产汽车行业竞争力分析

河南农业大学本科生毕业论文（设计）题目国产汽车行业竞争力分析学院机电工程学院专业班级交通运输07级2班学生姓名董艳辉指导教师王向中撰写日期：2011年5月5日1摘要汽车业作为一个产业关联性强、需求价格弹性和收入价格弹性高、规模经济效益明显、资金和技术密集度较高的现代产业，对整个国家经济发展起到了重要拉动作用。2009年，我国汽车累计生产1300万辆，同比增长创历年最高，使我国成为世界第一汽车生产和消费国。同时，统计显示，2010年我国汽车产量为1826万辆，比上年增长32％，占全球当年汽车总产量的23.5％，连续第二年保持第一汽车制造大国的地位。虽然我国的汽车业发展迅速很快，但我国汽车业的竞争力却还很弱小。国内汽车制造业“增产不增收”的局面日渐严重，单车利润呈逐年下降的态势。汽车企业相互之间的竞争仍然局限在低成本、低价格的层面，缺乏创新技术和自主品牌。在此背景下，本文从竞争力的基本理论出发，结合我国汽车整车业、汽车零部件业、汽车产业集群等方面的现状，与汽车业先进国家进行了对比分析，对我国汽车业的竞争力状况做了相对客观的评价并提出了一系列提高我国汽车业竞争力的措施。关键词：汽车业；竞争力；现状；措施2CompetitiveAnalysisofDomesticAutoIndustryAbstractAsstrongindustryrelevance,higherpriceelasticityofdemandandpriceelasticityofincome,significanteconomiesofscale,highercapitalandtechnology-intensivedegreeinmodernindustry,automotiveindustryplaysaveryimportantroleindrivingtothedevelopmentoftheentirenationaleconomy.In2009,China'stotalproductionof13millionvehicles,anincreaseofarecordhigh,makesChinatheworld'sautomobileproductionandtheconsumer.Meanwhile,statisticsshowthatChina'sautooutputin2010was18,260,000,anincreaseof32%oftheworld23.5%oftotalautomobileoutputthatyear,thesecondconsecutiveyeartomaintainthestatusofthefirstautomobilemanufacturingcountry.AlthoughChina'sautoindustryisdevelopingrapidly,thecompetitivenessofChina'sautomobileindustryisstillveryweak.Thedomesticautoindustry,increasingoutputwithoutincreasingsituationbecomesmoreserious,cyclingprofitsshowingadecliningtrend.Competitionamongautocompaniesisstilllimitedtolow-cost,lowpricelevel,lackofinnovationandindependentbrands.Inthiscontext,thisarticlemakesacontractiveanalysistotheindustryinadvancedcountriesfromthebasictheoryofcompetition,combinedwithChina'sautomobileindustry,theautopartsindustry,automobileindustryclusterandsothestatusquo;makesarelativelyobjectiveconditionassessmentonthecompetitivenessofChina’sautomobileindustryandproposesaseriesofmeasurestoimprovethecompetitivenessofChina’sautomobileindustry.KeyWords：AutoIndustry；Competitiveness；Status；Measures1目录1引言...................................................................................................................................12竞争力评价的基本理论...................................................................................................12.1竞争力的涵义及特征.....................................................................................................12.1.1竞争力的涵义.............................................................................................................12.1.2竞争力的特征.............................................................................................................22.2产业国际竞争力的内涵.................................................................................................32.2.1产业国际竞争力的涵义.............................................................................................42.2.2产业国际竞争力的内涵.............................................................................................43国产汽车业竞争力的现状及分析...................................................................................53.1国产汽车整车业现状.....................................................................................................53.1.1汽车产销量增长迅猛.................................................................................................53.1.2整车出口高速增长.....................................................................................................53.1.3中国汽车整车业存在的问题......................................................................................63.2中国汽车零部件业的现状.............................................................................................63.2.1中国汽车零部件产业取得突破性进展.....................................................................63.2.2国产汽车零部件产业面临的问题.............................................................................83.3国产汽车产业集群的现状.............................................................................................93.3.1国产各区域汽车业集群现状...................................................................................103.3.2国产汽车业集群存在的问题...................................................................................123.4国产汽车业竞争力的国际比较...................................................................................123.4.1对日本汽车业竞争力的分析...................................................................................123.4.2中国汽车业竞争力的分析.......................................................................................144国产汽车业竞争力低的原因..........................................................................................154.1自主开发能力差...........................................................................................................154.2相关产业落后...............................................................................................................164.3产业内部发展不均衡...................................................................................................164.4汽车销售模式不成熟...................................................................................................164.5需求开发不足..........................................................................................