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ACEA:(RoHS,):OEMs12345515253()5455661626364/656516526536546557XRFX71727374/741757517527537547557567677771ROHS7727738XRF81828384/8418585185285385486861ROHS8628639GC/MSPBBPBDE91929394/941942959696196296397971972973974975976989910HPLC/UVPBBPBDE101102103104/1041/10421051051/10610710711072107310741075107610811111112113114/11511611711812121122123124/1241/124212431251261261126212631264126512713ICP-AESICP-MSAAS131132133134/135135113613611362()1363HNO3/HBF4/H2O21371371/137213731374137513761377137813813914ICP-AESICP-MSAAS141142143144/1441/1451461461146214631471471147214731474147514761481491491ICP/AES-OES1492ICP/MS1493AAS15ICP-AESICP-MSAAS151152153154/1551561561156215631571571157215731574157515761581591591ICP/AES-OES1592ICP/MS1593AAS16ICP-AESICP-MSAAS161162163164/165166166116621663167167116721673167416751676167716781681691691ICP/AES(-OES)1692ICP/MS1693AAS171(Pb)(Hg)(Cd)(CrVl)(PBBPBDE)-EURoHS--2003()(S.B.20)(S.B.50)RoHS200671(Pb)Hg)(Cd)(CrVl)PBBPBDERoHSRoHS----(RoHS)2(Pb)(Hg)(Cd)(Vl)(PBB)(PBDE)---IT---()-----3a)(RoHS)b)c)()(S.B.20)d)()(S.B.50)e)4a):b):()(CAS#)c)d).e)f)ABSg)h)(PWBs/)i):j):k)l)55.1--7----/---------123-4-5677GLP()/(ISO)5.2Non-destructivemechanicalDestructive?qualitative/quantitativeyesscreening?(PWB/)1N()()()()EDXRF(X)WDXRF(X)EDXRFWDXRF53()PWB54EDXRF(X)WDXRF(X)XEDXRFWDXRF551(PWB/)()PBB/PBDECrVlHgPb/Cd2()BCR-680BCR-6812(PWB/)PBB/PBDEGC/MSFT-IRHPLC/UVNAGC/MSFT-IRHPLC/UVCrVlNA(ISO3613)(EPA3060A)NAHgICP-AESICP-MSCVAASAFS()Pb/CdICP-AESAASICP-MS66.1IECACEA6.2a)EN13346:2000--b)EPAmethod3052:1996c)EPAmethod3050B:1996d)ASTMD4004-932002-e)EN1122:2001--f)ISO2471990-g)ISO36961987-h)ISO40andJIS40-6.3a)6.4/a)41RetschSM2000b)2561RetschZM100or1/c)RetschDR100d)TurbulaT2Fe)0.0001f)g)h)i)250j)N2k)l)m)6.56.5.16.5.22*10*104*45*56.5.341.0456.5.4456.5.57X71XXXXXPBBPBDEPBBPBDEPBBPBDEXXRFXRF72a)ASTMC982X,Vol.12.01b)C1118-89(2000)Xc)Bertin,E.P.XN.Y.d)BuhrkeV.E.,Jenkins,R.,SmithD.K.,XXWiley-VCHe)ISO20847:2004,..Xf)ISO8754:2003,..Xg)ISO14596:1998,..Xh)VanGriekenR.XMarcelDekkerInci)VDA001004,(IRMM),Geel,19936.j)BCR-680BCR-681,,,20001.73a)X:XXXXXXRFXWDXRF()XEDXRFXb)XXXXXXc)XXXXRFd)XXXXe)Xf)XXXXWDXRFXEDXRF,,,()p-I-ng),X.XRF,MnK-(FWHM),1000FWHM,FWHMMnK-h)i)j)xXRFk)x-xx1.74kev2.96kev1%XRFl),xx(2)()XRF.m)xx7.4/a)x(XRF)x()x.xx35kevxx.x()Xx2~35kev220kevSi(Li)p-i-nxxXXWDXRF(EDXRF)33mg/kgppm5010010010020020010020020050100100200200LOD4IUPAC003NCULOD⋅⋅=U:C0:LOD(ug/g)N0:()41530303060603060601530306030CRMsBCR-680BCR-6817.4.1,,,,,XRFabc7.57.5.1ab7.5.2a7.5.3b525X7.5.37.5.33357.5.4a)X5151//b)XRFa)//c)7.5.5a)7.5.3SOPSOPb)X15mg/kg10%/2%5X5XKLLLKKK7.4303007.5.6a)b)c)d)e)IECf)g)/7.67.77.7.1RoHSa)3RoHSb)3RoHS7.7.2a)b)c)X7.7.35151//8X8.1XXXXPBBPBDEPBBPBDEPBBPBDEa)b)c)d)e)X10168.2a)C982Xb)C118-892000Xc)Bertin,E.P.Xed2d)BuhrkeV.E.,Jenkins,R.,SmithD.k.,XXWiley-VCHe)VanGriekenR.XMarcelDekkerInc.f)BCR-680BCR-681g)VDA1-48.3b)X:XXXXXXRFXWDXRF()XEDXRFXb)XXXc)XXXWDXRFXEDXRF,220evMnKa8.4a)XXRFXXXXWDXRFXEDXRFXXb)c)X6mg/kg50X15050X150DLX250700X1300700X1300500X1500700X1300700X1300500X1500300X250X700X1300700X1300500X150050%150%7LODIUPADNoCouLOD••=3uCo(LOD)ug/gNo71530303060603060601530306030CRMSBCR-680BCR6818.4.1,,,,,XRFdea)8.58.5.18.5.2a7.,()bCd-KPb-LHg-LCr-KBr-Kc,7c)de7cf8.5.3abXXcd8.68.5.4a)ABCDIECEF/8.68.6.1RoHsc1RoHSd1RoHSe8.6.2abc:X:1.2.3.1.FeFe,Cr,Ni,Mo,W,……..2.Al:Al,Mg,Si,Cu,Zn,…….3.Cu:Cu,Zn,Sn,Pb,Mn,Ni,Co,…..4.:Pb,Cu,Zn,Sn,Sb,Bi,Ag…..5.ZnZn,Al,……6.Rh,Pd,Ag,Ir,Pt,Au,Cu,Zn…..:8.6.35151//9GC/MCPBBPBDE9.1BDEGC/MSGCabEURoHs1.PBDEs1000ppm:()2.PBDEs1000ppm3.PBDEs1000ppm4.PBDEs1000ppmc9.2,aEPA16131994HRGC/HRMS--BEPA8270c1996c/Dr.GuelphdJ.BrandrupE.H.ImmergutE.A.Grulke.Ploymer1999.VII/497-VII/545e(GC/MS)Dr.Gueiphf()g1.BDE-MXE(BDE)2.BDE-MXD(BDE)3.MBDE-MXE(BDE)13C12BDE4.BDE-CVS-E1-55.MBDE-139-IS13C126.D107.BAM8.ABSPSPUR9.10.ABS-CANPCPMMAABS-SANPCPMMA9.31.PBDEsPBBs2.MS(PFKPFTBA)m/z3./4.PFKPerflurokeroseneMSm/z5.6.7.9.4/9.4.1ab10C150*5d)(50-100ml100ml)e)f)g)h)i)(105-250°C)j)(400°C)k)(125-1000ml)(15)(100-500ml)(1-2ml)9.4.2a)-(5%)340(150.25mm0.1um(DB-5HT)b)-70()12m/z.200730amu(960)PFKPFTBA(PFKPFK)PFKMS9..5a)CMOSb)c)GC()d)e)4004f)1.70-230130°C2.2.241.763.g)h)i)13C12BDEs44'dibromoonctaflurobiphenyl(f)D10penathrenePBDEs9.69.6.1IR(d)9.6.21.06.1101.013C12BDEs--916hrs-119.6.3250ml(20mm*350mm)114130ml130ml1-2ml(6mm*13mm)9.79.7.1a)b)()c5GC/MSd9.7.29.7.31.0ulBDEBB110540/200(4.5)10/325(15).250(GC/MS)1.(1000m/e)2.3.2504.113C12M+126-2(1&3)*2(100-500ppm)a(100ppm1/10)bc9.7.4a11.Y=AX=B2.Y3.A=4.X=PBDE5.B=B2R=Rsm/Rst1.R=2.Rsm=3.Rst=c3ppm1.Cppm=[Ys-B/A]*R*Wcf2.Cppm=3.Ys=4.Wcf=(w/vw/w)9.7.5a1.2.3.4.GC/MS5.6.7.b(QA/QC)9.7.6EPA16139.1.39.89.816cheil999PBDEsMono-BDEs247.98249.98Di-BDEs325.89327.89329.89Tri-BDEs403.80405.80407.80Tetra-BDEs323.87325.87483.71Penta-BDEs401.78403.78561.62Hexa-BDEs481.69483.69643.52Hepta-BDEs559.60561.60721.44Octa-BDEs639.51641.51643.51(801.34)Nona-BDEs717.42719.42721.42(879.25)Deca-BDEs797.33799.33959.16PBDE231.8398.6400.5799.3PBBsPBDEs-16(ex:MonoBB=247.98-26=231.98)10/PBBPBDE10.1PBBPBDEPBB/PBDEPBBPBDEPBBPBDEPBBOBBDBBPBDEOBDEDBDE10.2a)M.ReissR