中考英语复习系列词汇1名词和代词

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

中考英语复习系列1名词和代词主讲教师:Mr.Tan词类考点一、名词特殊复数形式1、单复数同形:(1)sheep–sheep(2)people-people(3)deer----deer(4)work,homework,housework,advice,information,news,population是不可数名词,不能用many,few,afew修饰,可用some,any,lotsof,much修饰.注:apieceofnews,apieceofadvice.2、表示人的名词复数•中日不变:•Chinese----ChineseJapanese----Japanese•英法变:•Englishman----EnglishmenFrenchman-----Frenchmen•其余后面+s•German----GermansAmerican----Americans•O结尾+es•1、hero----heroes•2、tomato----tomatoes•3、potato----potatoesO结尾+s1、photo----photos2、radio----radios3、zoo---zoos名词+esbus----busesbox----boxeswatch----watches(手表)brush----brushes(刷子)•f变成ves•knife----knivesscarf--scarves•thief----thieveslife----lives•leaf----leaves(叶子)•shelf–shelves(书架)•y变成i+es•baby----babies•story----stories•country----countries•factory----factories•dictionary----dictionaries不规则变化•foot----feettooth----teeth•goose----geese(鹅)•man----menwoman----women•policeman----policemen•child--childrenmouse--mice(老鼠)•womanteacher—womenteachers•mandoctor—mendoctors二、代词(1人称代词)1、人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:Helikestabletennis.(作主语)Doyouknowhim?(作宾语)2、宾格还用于动词和介词后,如:Heisolderthanme.Mr.TanteachesusEnglish.2物主代词:表示所有关系•1、形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词,可在句中作定语。例如:Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.Thisisherpencil-box.2、.名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词,在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。Ourschoolishere,andtheirsisthere.(作主语)---IsthisEnglish-bookyours?(作表语)---No.Mineisinmybag.I'vealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Haveyoufinishedyours?(作宾语)3反身代词:英语中用来表示我自己,你自己,他自己,我们自己,你们自己•反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。•1.作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。Hecalledhimselfawriter.WouldyoupleaseexpressyourselfinEnglish?•2.作表语。Itdoesn'tmatter.I'llbemyselfsoon.Thegirlinthenewsismyself.3.作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。Imyselfwashedtheclothes.(=Iwashedtheclothesmyself.)(作主语同位语)Youshouldasktheteacherhimself.(作宾语同位语)•固定搭配的反身代词(特别奉献)•helponeselfto(随便吃)•enjoyoneself(过得愉快)•teachoneself(自学)•byoneself(亲自)•foroneself(为自己)•loseoneself(陶醉于……)•说明:这里的oneself可用myself,himself,•herself,itself,yourself,yourselves,ourselves,•themselves代替•4指示代词包括:this,that,these,those。•1.this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:Thisisapenandthatisapencil.Inthosedaystheworkershadahardtime.•2.有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物,this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物,例如:Ihadacold.That'swhyIdidn'tcome.WhatIwanttosayisthis;pronunciation•isveryimportantinlearningEnglish.3.有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that或those代替,例如:ThepopulationinChinaismuchbiggerthanthatinJapan.4.this在电话用语中代表自己,that则代表对方。例如:•Hello!ThisisMary.IsthatJackspeaking?•5不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。•(1)some与any的区别•1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。•2)any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些,任何”用作形容词时,后面可以接①不可数名词+单数动词;②可数名词+复数动词。•3)Wouldyoulikesomewater?Yes,alittle./Yes,please.Yes,I’dlike/loveto.No,thanks.I’dliketo,but…•注意:some用于表示一定要得到答案的句子中•注意:与some,any结合的词如something,somebody,someone,anything,anyone,anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法,大致和some,any的用法相同。•2.few,afew,little,alittle在用法上的区别•afew,few用于可数名词,afew表示肯定,(虽少,但有几个),few表示否定(不多,几乎没有);alittle、little用于不可数名词,(alittle,虽少,但有一点)表示肯定,,little表示否定,(不多,没有什么)。•注意:alittle可以修辞形容词、形容词比较级、用于动词后面。3.other,theother,another,others,theothers的区别。用法代名词形容词单数复数单数复数不定another另一个others别人,其他人another(boy)另一个(男孩)other(boys)其他男孩特定theother另一个theothers其余那些人、物theother(boy)另一个男孩theother(boys)其余那些男孩•1)other可以作形容词用,后面可以跟单数或复数名词,意思是“其他的、别的”。•Wherearehisotherbooks?•Ihaven'tanyotherbooksexceptthisone.•2)other也可以用作代词,与冠词the连用构成“theother”,表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one...,theother...”句型。•Hehastwobrothers.Oneis10yearsold,theotheris5yearsold.•3)other作代词用时,可以有复数“others”,泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some....,others...有的。。。有的”句型。Some…theothers一些。。。另一些(表示特指)•Somewenttothecinema,otherswentswimming.•Thiscoatistoolarge.Showmesomeothers,please.•4)“theothers”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。•Wegothomeby4o'clock,buttheothersdidn'tgetbackuntil8o'clock.•InourclassonlyTomisEnglish,theothersareChinese.•5)another可以作形容词用,修饰后面的名词,意为“另一个”,还可以跟代词one.•Youcanseeanothershipinthesea,can'tyou?•Marydoesn'twanttobuythisskirt.Wouldyoupleaseshowheranotherone?•6)another也可以作代词用,表示“另一个”。•I'mstillhungryafterI'vehadthiscake.Pleasegivemeanother.中考真题演练•1、These_________havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor•2、---Arethereany________onthefarm?•---Yes,therearesome.•A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep•3、It’ssocrowdedhere.Let’smakesome_______forthebaby.•A.groundB.roomC.seatsD.chairs•4、Mostyoungpeoplefind_______excitingtowatchafootballmatch.•A.itB.thisC.thatD.one•5、Allthestudentsweretired,but_______ofthemstoppedtohavearest.•A.bothB.noneC.anyD.neither•6、—ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn’tit?•—Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschools_________thosechildrencanstudyhappily.•A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who7、YourMP4isquitecheap.Wheredidyoubuy_________?Iwanttobuy_________,too.A.one;oneB.it;itC.it;oneD.one;it8、-Whatdidyoubuyforyourdaughteratthesupermarket?-Ibought_________,becauseIcouldn‘tfind_________shelikes.A.something;anythingB.anything;somethingC.nothing;anythingD.something;nothing9、Theyarefrom______.They’re_________.A.Germany;GermansB.Germans;GermanyC.German;GermanyD.Germany;Germen•10、---Howdoyoulikethepictureswhich_____onshow?---Ilike_________verymuch.A.is,t

1 / 29
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功