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非谓语动词知识网络分类｛不定式-ing形式过去分词｛（主动；将来；具体）动名词现在分词（被动；完成）（主动；习惯；抽象）（主动；进行）作用种类主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词一.非谓语动词的种类与句法功能不定式-ing形式过去分词主动一般式tododoingdone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonehavingdone被动一般式tobedonebeingdone完成式tohavebeendonehavingbeendone二.非谓语动词的时态和语态（以do为例）doingdonetodo区别语态&时态主动；进行被动；完成主动；将来beingdonehavingdonetobedone被动；进行主动；完成被动；将来时态与语态的判断方法:时态：非谓语动词的动作若发生在谓语动词的动作之前，用完成式，否则，就用一般式。语态：当非谓语动词与其逻辑主语是主动关系，用主动式；是被动关系，用被动式。三.非谓语动词的逻辑主语：充当句子成分宾语和表语状语定语宾补逻辑主语句子的主语所修饰的词句子的宾语1.Theteacherrequiredustokeep(keep)silentandourhomeworktobedone(do)atonce.2.MrsWhitefoundherhusbandsurrounded(surround)bylettersandsmoking(smoke)silently.非谓语动词作宾补(与宾语的关系)1.Haveyoureadthenovelwritten(write)byDickens?2.Listen!thesongbeingsung(sing)isverypopularwiththestudents.3.Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)attomorrow’smeetingisveryimportant.非谓语动词作定语（与所修饰的名词的关系）非谓语动词作状语（与句子主语的关系）1.Seeing(see)thesephotos,IwouldthinkofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijingandseen(see)fromathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.2.Tofind(find)moreinformation,youcanrefertothisbook.1、不定式短语tobehonest老实说totellyouthetruth说老实话tobefrank坦率地说tobesure诚然，固然tobeexact精确地说tobebrief简言之toconclude总而言之todohimjustice说句对他公道的话tomakealongstoryshort长话短说tobeginwith首先2、分词短语Judgingfrom…由…判断副词(adv.)+speaking…来说generallyspeaking一般说来,总的来说,personallyspeaking就个人来说,就自己而言strictlyspeaking严格说来franklyspeaking坦白地说honestlyspeaking老实说注意：3、用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱．此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，表状态．beabsorbedinbeengagedinbe/getdressedinbe/getmarriedtosb.bedevotedtobesatisfiedwithbeinterestedinbesurprised/amazedatbebasedon…becoveredwith/by…belinkedto/beconnectedwith…be/getinjuredbeseatedbefacedwithsthbeexposedtosthbelostinthoughtbeinformedofsthberemindedofsthbeaddictedtosthbeaccustomedtosth4、to是介词的固定词组很多，常见的有：lookforwardto(盼望),devote…to/bedevotedto(致力于),be/getusedto(习惯),leadto(导致),getdownto(开始认真),payattentionto(注意),referto(谈到),pointto(指向),turnto(转向),objectto(反对),equalto(等于，能胜任),belongto(属于)等。5、表示“需要”的need/want/require+doing/tobedone非谓语动词与高考1.非谓语动词是高考语法填空的必考点。通过句子的结构分析确定是不是非谓语动词，然后根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如：(1)作主语或宾语，就用动名词(一般)或不定式形式(具体)。(2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，用动词不定式。(3)作伴随状语或作定语，要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词或过去分词。(4)有时也要根据句式搭配来确定，如see/hear/noticesb.do/doingsth.，spend…doingsth.等。2.在高考短文改错中，有动词形式错误，如：（1）本该用动名词作主语却用了动词原形；（2）在介词或某些动词后本应接动名词的却用了动词原形，（3）本该用现在分词的却用了过去分词。（4）不定式符号to的多用或少用也常考。强化训练一、单句填空1.（2015安徽27）_________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.2.（2015北京21）________(catch)theearlyflight,weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.3.（2015北京23）Theparkwasfullofpeople________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.4.（2015北京31）If_________(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.5.（2015福建28）________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.6.（2015福建33）InrecentyearsanEnglishwordinfospherehasappeared,___________(combine)thesenseof“information”and“atmosphere”.IgnoringTocatchenjoyingacceptedTolearncombiningleft7.（2015湖南24）Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceif_________(leave)inthewronghands.8.（2015湖南30）Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile,shestoodrootedtotheground,___________(wonder)whethertostayorleave.9.（2015湖南34）SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudents________(talk)overwhatisbotheringthem.10.（2015江苏24）Muchtime______(spend)sittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.11.（2015陕西17）AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton_________(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.12.（2015陕西18）Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother_______(take)goodcareofathome.wonderingtotalkspenttothanktakenasmazed13.（2015四川9）LittleTomsat________(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.14.（2015天津5）__________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.15.（2015天津8）_______________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.16.（2015浙江18）Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit_______________(perform)liveisquiteanother.17.（2015重庆6）________(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.18.（2015重庆11）Likeancientsailors,birdscanfindtheirway______(use)thesunandthestars.AbsorbedHavingworkedbeingperformedRaisedusing二、单句改错Ⅰ.动词不定式1.Hemanagedescapefromthefire.2.Nothingwillmakemetochangemymind.3.Marydoesn’thavetobemadelearnbecauseshealwaysworkshard.4.Hehurriedtothetrainstation,onlyfindthetrainhadgone.5.Tiredfromwork,hewantstodonothingbuttowatchTV.ΛtoΛtoΛto6.Atpresent,Ihavenochoicebutwait.7.Youfeelstressedout.Whynothavingachatwithourteachers?8.Idon’tthinkitpossibletomasteringaforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.9.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatexpectinmynewjob.10.Allofyoucanhaveanothertryifyouwant.ΛtohavemasterΛtotoΛⅡ.动词-ing形式1.Inourcity,therearealotofrestaurantsthatservingwesternfood.2.Youcan’timaginehowexciteditistolistentotopscientistssharetheirpredictiononwhattheworldwillbelikeinacentury.3.Sitbesideme,mybeloveddaughtergavemeavividdescriptionofwhatsheexperiencedinherdream.4.Wewerekepttowaitingforquitealongtimebeforethehostturnedup.5.OntheDragonBoatFestival,wesaw