1Passage1ProfessorBumbleProfessorBumbleisnotonlyabsent-mindedbutshort-sightedaswell./Hismindisalwaysbusywithlearnedthoughtsandheseldomnoticeswhatisgoingonaroundhim./Onafinedayrecentlyhewentforawalkinthecountryside./Butasalwayshereadthebookashewalked./Hehadn'tgonefarwhenheranintoalargecowandfelldown./Hehadlosthisspectaclesinthefall,andhethoughthehadstumbledoverafatlady./Ibegyourpardon,madam,hesaidpolitelybeforesearchingforhisglasses./Assoonashehadputtheglasseson,herealizedhismistake./Soonhewasconcentratingonhisbookagainandpayingnoattentiontoanythingelse./Hehadscarcelybeenwalkingforfiveminuteswhenhefelloveragain,/losingbothhisbookandhisglasses./Thistimehebecameveryangry./Seizinghisumbrellas,hestruckthecowinanger./Then,afterfindinghisglasses,herealizedwithhorrorthathehadmadeasecondmistake./Alargefatwomanwasrunningawayfromhiminterror./Passage2TeamworkTeamworkisjustasimportantinscience/asitisontheplayingfieldorinthegym./Scientificinvestigationsarealmostalwayscarriedoutbyteamsofpeopleworkingtogether./Ideasareshared,experimentsaredesigned,dataareanalyzed,/andresultsareevaluatedandsharedwithotherinvestigators./Groupworkisnecessaryandisusuallymoreproductivethanworkingalone./Severaltimesthroughouttheyearyoumaybeaskedtoworkwithoneormoreofyourclassmates./Whateverthetaskyourgroupisassigned,/afewrulesneedtobefollowedtoensureaproductiveandsuccessfulexperience/Whatcomesfirstistokeepanopenmind/becauseeveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration/andeachgroupmembercanmakehisorherowncontribution./Secondly,itmakesajobeasiertodividethegrouptaskamongallgroupmembers./Thirdly,alwaysworktogether,taketurns,andencourageeachotherbylistening,clarifyingandtrustingoneanother./Mutualsupportandtrustoftenmakeagreatdifference./Passage3MistakesAreGoodTeachersAfterthebirthofmysecondchild,Igotajobatarestaurant.Havingworkedwithanexperiencedwaitressforafewdays,Iwasallowedtowaittablesonmyown.WhenSaturdaynightcame,Iwasluckilygiventhetablesnotfarfromthekitchen.However,Istillfeltalittlehardtocarrytheheavytrays.SoImovedslowly,mindingeverystep.IrememberhowhappyIwaswhenIsawthetraystandingnextthetables.ItlookeddifferentfromtheoneIwastrainedon.Ithadnicehandleswhichmadeiteasiertomovearound.IwaspleasedwitheverythingandbegantobelieveIwasanaturalatthisjob.Then,anoldmancametomeandsaidthatwashiswife’swalker.Istoodfrozenasice,butmyfacewasonfire.Sincethen,Ihavelearnedtobemorecarefulandnottobetoosureofmyself.2Passage4TimeHasthePowertoChangeAttitudeLastweek,myyoungestsonandIvisitedmyfatherathisnewhome.Myearliestmemoriesofmyfatherareofatall,handsome,successfulmandevotedtohisworkandfamilybutuncomfortablewithhischildren.AsachildIlovedhim;asaschoolgirlandyoungadult,Ifearedhimandfeltbitterabouthim.Onthefirstdayofmyvisit,wedidsomeshopping,ateonthestreettable,andlaughedovermyson’sfunnyfacialexpressions.Gonewasmyfather’scriticalairandstrictrules.WhowasthispersonIknewasmyfather,whoseemedsofriendlyandinterestingtobearound?Thenextday,mydadpulledouthischildhoodpicturesandtoldmequiteafewstoriesabouthisownchildhood.Althoughourtimestogetherbecameeasierovertheyears,Ineverfeltclosettohimatthatmoment.Aftersomanyyears,I’matlastseeinganothersideofmyfather.Passage5ExperiencesSpeakTherearemanydifferentwaysofseeingatownforthefirsttime.Oneofthemistowalkaroundit,guidebookinhand.Ofcourse,wemaystudywithourguidebooksthehistoryandspecialdevelopmentsofatownandgettoknowthem.Butthen,ifwetakeouttimeandstayinatownforawhile,wemaygettoknowitbetter.Whenwelookitasawhole,webegintohavesomequestions,whicheventhebestguidebooksdonotanswer.Whyisthetownjustlikethis,thisshape,thisplan,thissize?Hereeventhebestguide-bookfailsus.Wecan’tfindinittheinformationabouthowatownhasdevelopedtothepresentappearance.However,wemaygetsomeideaofwhatitusedtolooklikebywalkingaroundthetown.Apersonalvisittoatownmayhelponebetterunderstandwhyitisattractivethanjustreadingaboutitinaguidebook.Passage6RepresentativesofCivilization:PotteryAncientpeoplemadeclaypotterybecausetheyneededitfortheirsurvival.Theyusedthepotstheymadeforcooking,storingfood,andcarryingthingsfromplacetoplace.Potterywassoimportanttoearlyculturesthatscientistsnowstudyittolearnmoreaboutancientcivilizations.Themoreadvancedthepotteryintermsofdecoration,materials,glazesandmanufacture,themoreadvancedthecultureitself.TheartisanwhomakespotteryinNorthAmericatodayutilizeshisorherskillandimaginationtocreateitemsthatarebeautifulaswellasal,transformingsomethingordinaryintosomethingspecialandunique.ThepotterusesoneoftheEarth'smostbasicmaterials,clay.Claycanbefoundalmostanywhere.Goodpotteryclaymustbefreefromallsmallstonesandotherhardmaterialsthatwouldmakethepottingprocessdifficult.Themostimportanttoolspottersusearetheirownhands;however,theyalsousewirelooptools,woodenmodelingtools,plainwire,andsponges.Passage7WordsCanMakeaDifferenceOnAugust26,1999,NewYorkCitywasstruckbyaterriblerainstormduringthemorningrushhourthatcausedthestreetstoflood.3Manypeoplewhoweregoingtoworkwereforcedtogohome.Somebattledtocallataxi,getabusorwalkmilestogettowork.Isoondiscoveredmostofthesubwaylineshadstoppedservice.Ifin