焊接检查培训

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WIT4-1Module4WeldJointGeometry(第4单元焊接接头几何形状)WeldingandNDESymbols焊接和无损检测符号)WIT4-2ANSI/AWSA3.0-94StandardWeldingTermsandDefinitions(标准的焊接术语和定义)WIT4-3Introduction-1of2(简介-1/2)Thegeometryofjointsandweldsmustbeclearlystatedandunderstoodbyallpartiesinvolvedwithfabrication(接头和焊缝的几何形状必须清楚的说明,且应让所有参与制造的部门理解)TerminologyusedperA3.0andA2.4(使用的术语参见A3.0和A2.4)Don’tuseslangterms(禁用俚语)Weldingsymbolsareashorthandmethodforclearlystatingexactlywhatweldingistobedoneandwhere(焊接符号是一种速记方法,它清楚的说明是什么焊缝,在哪焊。)WIT4-4Introduction-2of2(简介-2/2)JointandWeldgeometryperA3.0-94(接头和焊缝几何形状按照A3.0-94来定义)ClassroomdiscussiononA3.0(课堂讨论A3.0)WeldingSymbolsperA2.4-98(焊接符号按照A2.4-98)ClassroomdiscussiononA2.4-98(课堂讨论A2.4-98)WITModule4-additionalStudyGuide(WIT第四单元-附加的学习指导)WIT4-5WeldorJointGeometry&Terms(焊缝或接头形状和术语)Imperativetoknowthedifferencebetweena‘joint’anda‘weld’andusetermsproperly(必须知道接头和焊缝的差异,并能正确使用)Standardtermsmustbeusedwhendealingwithweldjointandweldgeometrytoavoiderrorsincommunication(为了避免沟通错误,当涉及到焊缝接头和焊缝几何形状时,必须使用标准术语)WIT4-65BasicJointTypesRefertoA3.0-94,Fig1,page41(参考A3.0-94,图1,第41页)Butt(对接)Corner(角接)T-Joint(T型接头)Lap(搭接接头)Edge(端接接头)WIT4-7ButtJoint(对接)AJointbetween2membersalignedapproximatelyinthesameplane(连接两个几乎在同一平面内对准的的工件之间的接头)相对的两端进行焊接WIT4-8ButtJoint-ApplicableWelds(对接接头-可适用的焊缝)Bevel-groove(单边V型坡口焊缝)Flare-bevel-groove(单边喇叭型坡口焊缝)Flare-v-groove(双边喇叭型坡口焊缝/V形坡口喇叭型焊缝)J-groove(J型坡口焊缝)Square-groove(I(方)型坡口焊缝)U-groove(U型坡口对接焊缝)V-groove(V型坡口焊缝)Edge-flange(卷边端接接头焊缝)Braze(钎焊)WIT4-9CornerJointAJointbetween2memberslocatedapproximatelyatrightanglestoeachotherintheformofanL(两工件接近垂直,成L型的连接)WIT4-10CornerJoint-ApplicableWelds(角接-适用的焊缝)Fillet(角焊缝)Bevel-groove(单边V型坡口焊缝)Flare-bevel-groove(单边喇叭形焊缝)Flare-v-groove(双边喇叭型坡口焊缝)J-groove(J型坡口焊缝)Square-groove(I‘方’型坡口焊缝)U-groove(U型坡口焊缝)V-groove(V型坡口焊缝)Plug(塞焊)Slot(槽焊)Spot(点焊)Seam(滚‘缝’焊)Projection(凸焊)Braze(钎焊)WIT4-11T-JointAJointbetween2memberslocatedatapproximatelyrightanglestoeachotherintheformofaT(两工件接近垂直,成T型的连接)WIT4-12TJoint-ApplicableWelds(T型接头-可适用的焊缝)Fillet(角焊缝)Bevel-groove(单边V型坡口焊缝)Flare-bevel-groove(单边喇叭型焊缝)J-groove(J型坡口焊缝)Square-groove(方型坡口焊缝)Plug(塞焊)Slot(槽焊)Spot(点焊)Seam(滚焊)Projection(凸焊)Braze(钎焊)WIT4-13LapJoint(搭接)AJointbetween2overlappingmembersinparallelplanes(两平行工件相互重叠形成的接头)WIT4-14LapJoint-ApplicableWelds(搭接-可适用焊缝)Fillet(角焊缝)Bevel-groove(单边V型坡口焊缝)Flare-bevel-groove(单边喇叭型焊缝)J-groove(J型坡口焊缝)Plug(塞焊)Slot(槽焊)Spot(点焊)Seam(滚焊)Projection(凸焊)Braze(钎焊)WIT4-15EdgeJoint(端接接头)AJointbetweentheedgesof2ormoreparallel,ornearlyparallel,members(两个或多个平行或接近平行的工件的端部连接)WIT4-16EdgeJoint-ApplicableWelds(端接接头-可适用的焊缝)Bevel-groove(单边V型坡口焊缝)Flare-bevel-groove(单边喇叭型焊缝)Flare-v-groove(双边喇叭型坡口焊缝)J-groove(J型坡口焊缝)Square-groove(方型坡口焊缝)U-groove(U型坡口焊缝)V-groove(V型坡口焊缝)Edge(端接焊缝)Seam(滚焊)WIT4-17JointNomenclature(接头专门用语)Jointroot(接头的根部)Grooveface(坡口面)Rootedge(根部棱边)Rootface(钝边)Bevelangle(单边角度)Depthofbevel(单边深度)Grooveangle(坡口角度)Grooveradius(坡口半径)Rootopening(根部间隙)Edgeshapes(端部形状)–Square(方型)–singleordoublebevel(单或双削边)–singleordoubleJ(单或双J型)–Round(圆型)RefertoA3.0-94,Figs4,5,6,7,pages44–47(参见A30-94,图4,5,6,7,第44-47页)WIT4-18Figure4-•JointRoot(图4----接头根部)WIT4-19Figure5-(图5-)•GrooveFace(坡口面)•RootEdge(根部棱边)•RootFace(钝边)WIT4-20Figure6-(图6-)•BevelAngle(单边坡口角度)•BevelDepth(坡口深度)•GrooveAngle(坡口角度)•GrooveRadius(坡口半径)•RootOpening(根部间隙)WIT4-21Figure7-EdgeShapes(图7-端部形状)•Square(方型,直边)•SingleBevel(单边V型)•DoubleBevel(双边V型)•SingleJ(单J型)•DoubleJ(双J型)•Flange(卷边)•Round(圆型)WIT4-22JointGeometry-KeyLearnings(接头几何学-关键点)RefertoA3.0-94,Figures4,5,6,pages44–46(参见A3.0-94,图4,5,6,第44-46页)Ajointrootcanbelinearinnature,oranarea(接头根部可能是实际的线状,或者一个区域)AsurfacecanbebothaRootface&aGrooveface(表面可以是钝边和坡口面)AnanglecanbebothaBevelangleandaGrooveangle(角度可以是单边坡口角度和坡口角度)WIT4-23WeldJoints(焊接接头)RefertoA3.0-94,Figs8,9,10,14,15(参见A3.0-94,图8,9,10,14,15)Singlegroove-p48(单面坡口-48页)Double-groove-p49(双面坡口-49页)FlangedJoints-p50(卷边接头)SeamandSpot-p53(滚焊和点焊-53页)Various-p54(其它-54页)WIT4-24Fig8-SingleGrooveWelds(图8-单面坡口焊缝)•SingleSquare(单面方型)•SingleBevel(单面坡口)•SingleV(单V)•SingleJ(单J)•SingleU(单U)•SingleFlareBevel(单面单边喇叭口)•SingleFlareV(单面V型喇叭口)WIT4-25Fig9-DoubleGrooveWelds(双面坡口焊缝)•DoubleSquare(双面方型)•DoubleBevel(双面削角)•DoubleV(双面V型)•DoubleJ(双J面型)•DoubleU(双U面型)•DoubleFlareBevel(双面单边喇叭口)•DoubleFlareV(双面V型喇叭口)WIT4-26Fig10-FlangedWelds•Edge-FlangedButt•Edge-MeltThrough•Edge-FlangedCorner•Square,FlareV•RSWinFlangedCorner•Fillet,Flare-BevelinTWIT4-27Fig14-Seam,SpotWelds(滚焊,点焊)•ArcSeamWeld电弧缝焊•EBSeamWeld(滚焊)•RSWSeamWeld(滚焊)•RSWSpotWelds(点焊)•ArcSpotWelds(弧点焊)WIT4-28Fig15-VariousWelds(其他的焊缝)•UpsetWeld电阻对焊•FlashWeld(闪光焊)•SurfacingWeld堆焊•SlotWelds(槽焊)•PlugWelds(塞焊)•FilletWelds(角焊缝)WIT4-29WeldingPosition(焊接位置)RefertoA3.0-94,Figs16-21,pages55-64(参见A3.0-94,图16-21,第55-64页)Reviewpositiondiagrams&tablesforgrooveandfilletweldsinplateandpipe-pages55-57(审核板和管的坡口及角焊缝的位置图表-第55-57页)Reviewweldingtestpositionsforgrooveandfilletweldsonplateandpipe-pages58-63(审核板和管的坡口及角焊缝的焊接位置-第58-63页)NoteerrorinFig19D,page61ReviewTorchPositioninFig21,page64(审核图21中的火焰位置)WIT4-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