牛津译林版英语8B-Unit7-International-charities-知识点汇编

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Unit7InternationalcharitiesWelcometotheunit1.Youhavesomepocketmoneyleft.你还剩余一些零花钱。◆注意:left是leave的过去分词,在此句中做后置定语,修饰pocketmoney,意为:剩下的、没有用完的。left相当于一个形容词,放在被修饰的名词或anything/nothing/nobody等不定代词之后。eg:Ihaveonlyonefoodticketleft.Thereisnothingleftinthefridge.◆leavefor动身前往leave忘带,落下,离开2.haveabiglunch吃顿丰盛的午餐3.I’mtooweaktowalkanyfurther.我太虚弱,走不动了。◆I’msoweakthatIcan’twalkanyfurther.=I’mnotstrongenoughtowalkanyfurther.◆farther,further这两个词都是far的比较级形式。①farther和further都可指具体的距离,即空间时间上的“较远”。Let'snotgoanyfarther/further.②further还可用于抽象的引申义,如时间,程度和数量等,表示“进一步,更进一层”,此时,不能与farther换用。Imaybeabletogiveyousomefurtherinformationaboutit.Theproblemwillbefurtherdiscussedattheclassmeeting.4.helpbuildabetterworldforeveryone帮着为每个人建立一个更好的世界abetterworld一个更美好的世界5.providebasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas为贫穷地区的孩子们提供基础教育basiceducation基础教育receivebasiceducation接受基础教育6.workfortheequalrightsofgirlsandwomen为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作workfor为…而工作equalrights平等的权利8.preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseasesamongyoungpeople预防年轻人中一些严重疾病的扩散◆prevent...(from)doingsth.;stop...(from)doingsth.;keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。上述三个结构中,在主动语态中stop与prevent后可省去from,但在被动语态中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。Theheavyrainpreventedusgoingon,butwedidn’tloseheart.在被动语态中,from都不可省。Wewerepreventedbytherainfromgoingthere.◆protect…from/against…表示“保护……免受……”例如:Protectchildrenfromviolence9.doagoodjob干得不错;完成得很好Reading1.aninterviewwithanORBISdoctor一次对奥比斯医生的采访2.tellussomethingaboutblindness告诉我们关于失明的一些事say,speak,tell,talk的区别和用法▲say一般作及物动词用,着重说话的内容,它的宾语可以是名词,代词或宾语从句。eg:Hecansayhisname.他会说他的名字。PleasesayitinEnglish.请用英语用。▲speak强调说的动作,不强调所说的内容。作及物动词时,常以某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时,常见的搭配形式有:speakofsomething/somebody谈到某事(某人)speaktosb跟某人讲话,此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合了表演讲或演说。CanyouspeakJapanese?你会说日语吗?Sheisspeakingtoherteacher.她正在跟她的老师说话。Hespokeatthemeetingyesterday.他昨天在会上讲了话。▲talk一般为不及物动词,意思是“交谈,谈话,着重强调两具之间的相互说话。eg:SheistalkingwithLucyinEnglish.她正在和露茜用英语交谈。Whatareyoutalkingabout?你们在谈论什么?Theteacheristalkingtohim.老师正在和他谈话。▲tell常作及物动词,意为“讲述,告诉,动词常跟双宾语。tellsbsth=tellsthtosb告诉某人某事。Didyoutellherthenews?=Didyoutellthenewstoher?tellsbtodosth叫某人做某事tellsbnottodosth让某人不做某事3.haveeyeproblems有眼疾4.80percentofthesecases80%的病例“分数(百分数)+of+名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词的数与其中名词的数保持一致。如:About30percentofthepupilswereabsentthatday.那天大约有30%的学生未到。Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbysea.地球表面的四分之三是海。5.havemoneyformedicaltreatmentmedicaltreatment医疗medical是medicine形容词形式,医学的6.FlyingEyeHospital眼科飞机医院7.dooperationsonsb.=operateonsb.给某人做手术operate动词,operation名词8.beusedasatrainingcentre被用作培训中心9.Manyofourpatientscan’taffordtogotohospital.gotohospital去看病affordsth.买得起某物affordtodosth.负担得起做某事can’tafford负担不起10.onboard在飞机(船、火车)上11.learnabouteyeoperations学习眼科手术12.teachthemnewskills教他们新的技能13.duringavisit在一次拜访中duringthelastvisit在上次的拜访中14.beproudtodosth以…做某事而自豪beproudof以…为荣pride是proud的名词形式,beproudof=takepridein15.helppeopleseeagain帮助人们重见光明16.treatpeoplewitheyeproblems治疗有眼疾的人curemosteyediseases治愈大多数眼病curesb.ofsth.治好某人的病Dr.Macuredtheoldmanofhisblindness.17.carryonworking/carryonwithourwork继续开展我们的工作carryon(withsth)继续开展,继续下去18.Modernmedicineisdevelopingquickly.现代医学正迅速发展Develop动词,发展;加强developquickly发展很快development名词,发展withthedevelopmentof随着----的发展developed发达的developing发展中的adevelopedcountry一个发达国家adevelopingcountry一个发展中的国家19.Thankyouforyourtime.感谢你的时间。20.cutaperson’sbodyopen给某人开刀cut----open把---切开21.theconditionofbeingunabletosee不能看见东西的状态22.manymorepeople更多的人23.gettreatment得到治疗Grammar,integratedskillsandstudyskills1.handoutleafletstopeople向人们分发传单handout分发;提出handin上交2.holdacharityshow举行一次慈善义演3.besetupinEurope在欧洲建立setup建起,设立4.partoftheUnitedNations联合国的一部分5.maketheworldabetterplaceforchildren使得世界成为一个更适合孩子们的地方6.wantthechildrentobehealthy想让孩子们健康7.raisemoneybysellingChristmascards通过卖圣诞卡片募集钱8.organizesomeactivities组织一些活动9.preventthemfromgettingillness防止他们得病10.lookpale看上去苍白11.What’sthematter(withsb)?(某人)怎么了?What’swrongwithyou?Idon’tfeelwell.我觉得不舒服12.gettoothache牙疼13.Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?你感觉这样/这么不舒服多久了?14.haveacheck检查一下15.nothingserious没有什么严重的16.Takethismedicineaftermealsthreetimesaday.饭后服药,一天三次。17.not---atall一点也不not---anymore=nomore不再18.Willitbeasuccess?Willitbesuccessful?它将会成功吗?19.keepaskingmyself不断问我自己20.Notimetobenervousanymore.没有时间再紧张了。21.makealotofnoise发出很多吵闹声22.havetospeakloudly不得不大声说话Task1.asecretaryofacompany一家公司的秘书2.beafraidofflying害怕飞行3.trainasanurse培训为一名护士4.liveinacomfortableflat住在一个舒适的公寓里5.taketheplane乘飞机6.helppoorpeoplewitheyeproblemsseeagain帮助患有眼疾的穷人重见光明7.makeupone’smindtodosth下定决心做某事makeuphermindtotrainasanurse下定决心培训当护士decidetodosth.8.attendcourses参加课程9.travelover300daysayear一年中超过300天都在旅游10.getusedtotravellingbyplane习惯于乘飞机旅行11.haveasmuchmoneyasbefore和以前有一样多的钱12.Shethinksherlifeismoremeaningful.她认为她的人生更有意义。13.usedtoworkonthefarmallday过去常常整日在农场上工作14.anofficer一个官员15.learnabouttheconditionsofthelocalpeople了解当地人们的情况16.enteraschool考入学校三.词形变化1.especial-especially2.educate-education3.spread-spread-spread4.interview-interviewerread-readeroffice-officer5.blind-blindness6.medicine-medical7.treat-treatment8.develop-developed-developing-development9.hold-held-heldset-set-set-settin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