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清华大学综合论文训练题目：基于四旋翼无人机的PM2.5测量系别：电子工程系专业：电子信息科学与技术I中文摘要近年来，随着无人航空技术发展的日趋完善与成熟，无人机逐渐受到重视并且得到广泛应用。无人机凭借其机动强、经济上较为实惠、方便起飞、降落等方面的优势，越来越受到人们的青睐。同时，无线遥感技术的飞速发展与日趋完善，也在很大程度推动了无人机的应用，无人搭载平台在空气检测、环境监测、恶劣条件侦探、航拍等方面都得到广泛应用。本课题以无人机作为搭载平台，搭载空气传感器与GPS模块，实现对PM2.5与PM10数据的采集，在PC端通过单片机编程，实现SD卡存储所采集的数据，达到空气质量检测的目的。本文依次介绍系统的硬件部分、软件部分。之后，对传感器的可信度进行评估，介绍如何通过单片机编程实现用SD卡存储PM2.5（PM10）值。最后对采集的数据进行处理，绘制PM2.5（PM10）随着不同的经纬度、高度、风速的变化趋势曲线图，得出结论。关键词：四旋翼无人机；SDS011激光传感器；STM32单片机；数据储存与显示IIABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofUAVtechnology,itsapplicationhasbecomemoreandmorewidespreadtogether.Withitsadvantageinmobility,fastness,economy,convenienceandsoon,theUAVhasbeenusedmorewidespread.Withthedevelopmentofwirelessremotesensingtechnology,theUAVhasbeenusedinmeteorologicalmonitoring,resourcesurveys,aerialsurveyandrespondtoemergencieswidely.ThistopicusestheUAVascarryingplatform,andequipsUAVwithairsensorandGPSmodule,implementationofPM2.5andPM10datacollection,throughthemicrocontrollerprogrammingtoachievethedatastoredontheSDcard,andfinallyachievethepurposeofairqualitytesting.Thispaperfirstlyintroducesthehardwarepartandsoftwarepartofthesystem.Andtheevaluatesthereliabilityofthesensor,describeshowtousethemicrocontrollertostorethevalueofPM2.5(PM10)intheSDcard.Finallydealwiththedatacollected,andthendrawthetrendsandgraphofthevaluesofPM2.5(PM10)changewiththelatitudeandlongitude,altitude,windspeed.Keywords:Four-rotorUAV；SDS011lasersensor；STM32microcontroller；DatastorageanddisplayIII目录第1章引言.......................................................11.1课题背景............................................................................................................11.1.1无人机概述...............................................................................................11.1.2PM2.5（PM10）国内外检测现状概述...................................................11.2课题的研究的目的和意义................................................................................21.3项目需求............................................................................................................31.4整体工作介绍....................................................................................................6第2章系统硬件概述与设计..........................................72.1四旋翼无人机搭载平台介绍..........................................................................72.2SDS011高精度激光传感器............................................................................82.3ATK-NEO-6M-V23定位模块.......................................................................102.4开发板..............................................................................................................132.4.1开发板简介...............................................................................................132.4.2单片机给电模块.......................................................................................142.4.3数据存储模块...........................................................................................15第3章系统软件概述与设计.........................................173.1系统环境与软件开发工具..............................................................................173.1.1RealviewMDK介绍..................................................................................173.1.2J—Link仿真调试......................................................................................193.2串口对数据的输入与查看............................................................................203.2.1数据输入串口...........................................................................................203.2.2数据查看串口...........................................................................................223.3系统环境与软件开发工具..............................................................................233.3.1软件设计程序设计整体构架.................................................................233.3.2系统模块初始化.....................................................................................243.3.3对空气传感器数据处理.........................................................................243.3.4对GPS定位信息进行处理....................................................................253.3.5存储部分代码实现.................................................................................27IV第4章系统实现过程...............................................294.1空气传感器数据实现......................................................................................304.2GPS定位模块数据实现...................................................................................314.2.1海拔精确度测量.......................................................................................324.2.2地面风速测量...........................................................................................334.2.3经纬度测量...............................................................................................344.3PM2.5（PM10）值变化情况研究...................................................................354.3.1PM2.5（PM10）值随海拔变化情况研究.............................................354.3.2PM2.5（PM10）值随风速变化情况研究.............................................374.3.3PM值在不同的天气条件下随风速变化情况研究..............................38第5章结论与展望...........................