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本文档由陈琦和周书林共同制作完成。未经作者授权，严禁将此文档用于商业用途。List24Unit1SPENTSPINDLYSPINYSPLEENSPLICESPONTANEOUSSPOOFSPORADICSPRAWLSPRIGHTLYspent[]【考法1】adj.精疲力竭的：drainedofenergyoreffectiveness【例】Afterallthatexertion,wewerecompletelyspent.在完成所有的锻炼之后我们已是筋疲力尽。【近】beaten,bleary,done,drained,enervate,exhausted,fatigued,jaded,prostrate,tired,wearied,worn-out【反】active,energetic,invigorated,peppy,strengthened,strong,tireless,vitalized,weariless充满活力的spindly[]【考法1】adj.细长纤弱的：frailorflimsyinappearanceorstructure【例】Ipreferhavingratherspindlylegs.我更希望有一双细腿。【近】gangling,gangly,lanky,spindling【反】squat矮胖的spiny[]【考法1】adj.多刺的：bearingspines,prickles,orthorns【例】lowspinybushesofsage低矮多刺的长满鼠尾草的灌木丛【近】brambly,prickly,thorny【反】even,flat,plane,smooth平滑的【考法2】adj.棘手的，麻烦的：requiringexceptionalskillorcautioninperformanceorhandling【例】Thispromisestobeaspinyproblemtonegotiate.这有可能成为谈判过程中棘手的问题。【近】catchy,delicate,difficult,knotty,problematic,sensitive,sticky,ticklish,thorny,tough,troublesome【反】easy,effortless,manageable,painless,simple,straightforward,uncomplicated,undemanding简单的spleen[]【考法1】n.怒气，怨恨：feelingsofangerorillwilloftensuppressed【例】Sheventedherspleenonherboyfriendandfeltmuchbetterforhavingdoneso.在她把怒气一股脑地倾泻到她男朋友身上之后，她感觉好多了。【近】angriness,choler,furor,fury,indignation,ire,madness,outrage,rage,wrath【反】delight,pleasure高兴，愉悦splice[]【考法1】vt.接合，叠接：tounite(astworopes)byinterweavingthestrands,ortojoin(astwopiecesoffilm)attheends【例】Hetaughtmetoeditandsplicefilm.他教会我如何剪辑和叠合胶卷。【近】associate,coalesce,combine,conjoin,conjugate,connect,couple,fuse,interfuse,join,link,marry,unify【反】disassociate,disconnect,disjoin,divide,sever,split,sunder分开MadeByJason&Franklin.ThisDocumentIsStrictlyProhibitedForCommercialPurposesWithoutAuthorization.spontaneous[]【考法1】adj.自发的，不经思索的：actingoractivatedwithoutapparentthoughtordeliberation【例】Huggingacryingchildissimplyaspontaneousreaction.去抱一个哭泣的小孩是很自然而然的反应。【近】automatic,impulsive,instinctive,involuntary,mechanical,natural【反】calculated,deliberate,intentional,planned,predetermined,premeditated,studied有计划的，蓄意的spoof[]【考法1】n.轻松幽默的模仿，小恶搞：aworkthatimitatesandexaggeratesanotherworkforcomiceffect【例】Manyviewersthoughtthatthespoofofatelevisionnewscastwastherealthing.许多观众认为这则新闻报道被恶搞之后的作品才是真实的东西。【近】burlesque,caricature,mimicking,parody,travesty【考法2】v.诱骗，诱使相信：tocausetobelievewhatisuntrue【例】ThepublicwasspoofedbyasupposedlyplausiblereportofaUFOencounter.一个听起来真实的UFO遭遇报告欺骗了大众。【近】beguile,cozen,delude,dupe,fool,hoax,misguide,misinform,mislead,trick【反】disabuse,disenchant,disillusion,undeceive使醒悟sporadic[]【考法1】adj.偶尔的，零星发生的：notoftenoccurringorrepeated【例】Onthewhole,situationhassignificantlyimprovedwithonlysporadicdisturbances.总体而言，局势得到了明显的改善，现在只有偶尔发生的骚乱。【近】few,infrequent,occasional,odd,rare,scarce,seldom,uncommon【反】frequent,habitual,repeated时常发生的sprawl[]【考法1】vt.杂乱无序地发展：togrow,develop,orspreadirregularlyandwithoutapparentdesignorplan【例】Thecitysprawlsdownthewholecoast.城市顺着整条海岸线蔓延。【近】ramble,scramble,straddle【派】sprawlingadj.蔓延的，不规则伸展的sprightly[]【考法1】adj.活泼的，充满活力的：fullofspiritandvitality【例】HewasdeeplyimpressedbythesprightlyGypsydance.活力四射的吉普赛舞蹈给他留下了深刻印象。【近】active,airy,animated,brisk,energetic,frisky,gay,jaunty,kinetic,mettlesome,racy,spirited,vital,vivacious【反】dead,inactive,inanimate,lackadaisical,languid,languishing,leaden,lifeless,listless,spiritless,vapid没精神的Unit2SPURSPURIOUSSPURNSQUABBLESQUALIDSQUALLSQUANDERSQUATSQUINTSQUELCH本文档由陈琦和周书林共同制作完成。未经作者授权，严禁将此文档用于商业用途。spur[]【考法1】n.刺激物：somethingthatarousesactionoractivity【例】Thethreatoflosingitsonlysportsfranchisewasthespurthecitycouncilneededtofinallydosomethingabouttherisingcrimerate.有可能失去唯一的体育赛事举办权带来的威胁，成为了刺激市政府决定就攀升的犯罪率采取相关措施的因素。【近】boost,catalyst,impetus,incentive,incitement,instigation,momentum,motivation,provocation,stimulus【反】deterrent,disincentive阻碍物【考法2】n.支撑物：astructurethatholdsuporservesasafoundationforsomethingelse【例】aweakwallthatmightneedaspur一面或许需要支撑的墙【近】brace,buttress,mount,prop,reinforcement,shore,underpinning【考法3】vt.刺激，激励：toinciteorstimulate【例】Appreciationspurredhisambition.赞扬激起了他的雄心壮志。【近】arouse,excite,exhort,goad,instigate,prod,stir,urge【反】bridle,check,constrain,curb,deter,fetter,hamper,inhibit,manacle,shackle制止，阻碍spurious[]【考法1】adj.假的，伪造的：lackingauthenticityorvalidityinessenceororigin;notgenuine【例】Instatistics,aspuriousrelationshipisamathematicalrelationshipinwhichtwoeventsorvariableshavenodirectcausalconnection,butitmaybewronglyinferredthattheydo,duetoeithercoincidenceorthepresenceofacertainthird,unseenfactor.在统计学中，“伪相关关系”是两个不存在因果关联的事件或变量，因为巧合或是不可见的第三方因素，而被误判为存在因果联系的关系。【近】apocryphal,bogus,counterfeit,fake,forged,phony,sham【反】authentic,bonafide,genuine,real真实的【派】spuriouslyadv.伪造地，虚假地spurn[]【考法1】vt.摈弃，拒绝：torejectwithdisdainorcontempt【例】spurnedhisrecommendation拒绝了他的推荐‖Fiercelyindependent,theelderlycouplespurnedalloffersoffinancialhelp.这对老夫妻极其独立，回绝了所有经济上援助。【近】decline,disapprove,negative,refuse,reject,reprobate,repudiate【反】accede,accept,agree,approve,assent,consent,embrace同意，接受【派】spurnedadj.被摒弃的，被拒绝的squabble[]【考法1】n.口角，小争